阅读下面的短文，然后按要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

   The motor vehicle has killed and disabled more people in its brief history than any bomb or weapon ever invented．Much of the blood on the street flows essentially from uncivil behavior of drivers who refuse to respect the legal and moral rights of others．So the killing on the road may be regarded as a social problem．

   In fact’the enemies of society on wheels are rather harmless people，just ordinary people acting carelessly，you might say But carelessness is no excuse when one’s actions could bring death or damage to others．A minority of the killers go even beyond carelessness to total negligence（疏忽）．

   Researchers have estimated that as many as 80 per cent of all automobile accidents are caused due to the psychological condition of the driver．Emotional upsets can s1ow drivers judgment and reactions，and blind them to dangers that might otherwise be evident．The experts warn that it is important for every driver to make all effort to keep one’s emotions under conlro1．

   Yet drivers are not the only people to blame for road accidents．Street walkers regularly break traffic regulations. They are at fault in most vehicle walker accidents; and many cyclists even believe that they need not follow the basic rules of the road.

    [写作内容]

    1．以约30词概括短文的要点；

    2．然后以约120个词就“如何减少交通事故”的主题发表看法，并包括如下要点；

    a）交通事故造成的生命财产的损失；

b）人们应该如何避免交通事故；

    c）举例说明政府已采取了什么有效措施来减少交通事故的发生。

    [写作要求]

    1．可以使用实例或其他论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得

直接引用原文中的句子；

    2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

    [评分标准]

概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯.

西藏是中国领土不可分割的一部分，这块具有神秘和传奇色彩的土地也引起了世界的关注。 假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter打算今年暑假来中国西藏旅游，请你根据下表内容甩英语向他简单地介绍有关西藏的一些基本情况。

  [写作内容] 

    [写作要求]

    1．只能使用5个句子表达全部内容；

    2．信的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入句子总数；

3．参考词汇：领土territory布达拉宫the Potala Palace经济（economy）西藏自治区the Tibet Autonomous Region

    [评分标准]

    句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。

Dear Peter．

  I am so glad to know that you will come to Tibet for a visit. ．

Looking forward to your coming to China．Have a wonderful journey in Tibet!

    Yours，

                                                                         Li Hua

阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。  

以下是关于几座城市及旅游点的信息：

A．Mauritius，an island lying off the southeast Africa in the Indian Ocean．The pleasant tropical climate and scenery provides the perfect setting to enjoy everything The sea is full of colorful life that lives around the coral reef．This makes Mauritius a wonderful place for swimming and diving．

B．Las Vegas is really a fascinating city，where you can dine in the finest restaurants, shop in the most chic stores，and watch world—class entertainment．Maybe you will become a millionaire or lose all your money overnight．What’s so clever almost Las Vegas is that it makes absolutely certain that you have such a good time that you don’t mind losing a bit of money along 1he way．That’s why they don’t ever call it "gambling" any more, but“gaming”

C．Few cities leave the visitors with such vivid impressions，the whole city is something of a work of art．And annual film festival is held with a refreshing emphasis 011 art．Few cities can compete with the thousands of cafes，bars and restaurants that line every Parisian street．And along the street you will be fascinated by the beautiful window shows of various clothes．

D．Kitzbuhel is a paradise for all the skiers With fine weather and breath—taking scenery，it is a world—class ski report．Every winter，thousands of people come from all parts of  the world to challenge themselves．

E．Jerusalem is regarded as a holy place by Jews，Muslims and Christians．For Jews，it is  where their ancestors built the first and second temples．For Christians．the city was  the scene of Jesus’ life．However，since the war broke out，people there have suffered a lot，the situation has been tense．and peace is 1uSt a dream．

F·The Old Nile brought about the civilization of Egypt；people there regard it as“the mother river”of them．On both sides of the Nile stand noble pyramids which were  built as the tombs of the ancient pharaohs（法老）．Along with the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt，the Great Sphinx is one of the greatest and most studied monuments of human history．

    以下是一些打算出行人的信息，请匹配人物和符合他们要求的地点。

1．Smith is a professor who does research on ancient buildings．This month，his university gives a reward to him for his great contribution．So now an idea of traveling to a new place to continue his study has conic into his mind．

2．Though Lola is a woman reporter，she is brave enough to go deep into the places at     war．This year，she was honored as“Rose of Front”．Next month，she will go to a place at war．She is confident to do her work well and give people the most brief and real reports．

3．Alice and Simon are going to get married．They want to hold an underwater wedding in a special place，which has beautiful scenery，silver sand，delicious seafood and luxurious hotels，where they can enjoy themselves．

4．Jane is a modern girl．who is a crazy fan of rock music and films．She has a romantic  dream．that is，one day，she will go to a beautiful place to appreciate all the attractive   music and films with a cup of coffee in her hand．

5．Tom is really depressed these days．Owing to his bad management，his company closed．He wants to go to another place to try his fortune so that he can start his business again in the near future．

The UN Environment Programme says that rising temperatures could mean the end for some migrating animals．

  Migrating or mobile animals move through several environments as they travel away from the cold of winter to warmer areas．Birds may fly from one part of the world to another，perhaps stopping at feeding grounds on the way．Whales and turtles cover vast

areas of ocean．The report says that changes in any one of the places which these animals use can cause serious harm．“Obviously these animals have developed their traveling patterns over thousands of years，but climate change is almost certain to be extreme over the next 25 to 50 years and it is extremely unlikely that these animals can change their habits fast enough，”said the report author Dr Robert Hepworth．

  Hardest hit by rising temperatures are turtles．Scientists have found that at higher temperatures，turtles produce far more female eggs than male ones．In parts of Malaysia， turtle birthing sites are producing only females，the report says It also provides evidence that some turtles are more likely to develop cancer as the waters get warmer．

  With birds，the main problem is climate related damage to important areas at either end of the travels of at resting places along the way．About one—fifth of migrating birds are now in danger because of climate related changes including rising sea levels，land loss and more violent storms，the report concludes．

  Other animals picked out as particularly in danger include：

    ·the North Atlantic Right Whale，whose main food（tiny shrimp）is disturbed by the change in ocean flows and

    ·the White Nose Dolphin，which is out—competed by other kinds of dolphins in warmer waters

  The report is not all bad news．Even with major climatic changes．protecting the environment can still help mobile animals to recover．“We need governments to start taking action at the national and international level．The clock is running．”said Dr． Hepworth．And some animals ale already adapting，with the report mentioning whales that are changing their feeding behaviors，finding new feeding grounds and new foods to eat．

1．What is the main topic of the text?

  A．The effect of climate change on migrating animals．

  B．How animals are adapting to changes in temperature．

  C．The actions required to save migrating animals

  D．The need for government policies to prevent global warming．

2．By saying“the clock is running”in the last paragraph．Dr．Hepworth means that_________

    A．1t may be too late to save some animals

    B．it is time to start protecting the animals

    C．there is not much time to solve the problem

    D．it takes time to complete the actions

3．According to the report，how will global warming affect turtles in the future?

  A．They will only produce female babies．

  B．Their food supply will gradually disappear．

  C．Some will suffer from higher rates of cancer

  D．They will be in greater danger because of more violent storms．

4．Which of the following is mentioned as a consequence of rising temperatures?

  A．More storms will affect the ability of whales to find their feeding grounds．

  B．20 percent of all likely to die out because of land loss．

  C．Migrating animals are likely to start adapting to the changes more quickly．

  D．Warmer oceans will increase the competition between different kinds of dolphins．

5．What can be inferred about turtles from the text，___________

  A they are the only animals besides humans that suffer from cancer．

  B．they have traditionally lived longer than other ocean based animals．

  C．Those born nearer a hotter area are more likely to be female．

  D．Most kinds of turtles are likely to die out within 50 years．

There are two types of people in the world．Although they have equal degree of health，wealth and other comforts of life，one becomes happy and the other becomes unhappy．This arises from the different ways in which they consider things，persons，events and the resulting effects upon their minds．

   People who are to be happy fix their attention on the convenience of things：the pleasant parts of conversation，the well prepared dishes，the goodness of the wine and the fine weather．They enjoy all the cheerful things．Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the opposite things．Therefore，they are continually dissatisfied．By their remarks，they sour the pleasure of society，offend many people，and make themselves disagreeable everywhere．If this turn of mind was sounded in nature，such unhappy persons would he the more to he pitied．The intention of criticizing and being disliked is perhaps taken up by imitation．It grows into a habit，unknown to its possessors．The habit may be strong，but it may he cured when those who have it realize its had effects on their interests and tastes．I hope this little warning may he of service to them，and help them change this habit．

   Although in fact it is chiefly all act of the imagination，it has serious results in life since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck Those people offend many others：nobody loves them，and no one treats them with more than the most con2mon politeness and respect This frequently puts them in bad temper and draws them into arguments 1f they aim at getting some advantages in social position or fortune，nobody wishes them success. Nor will anyone start a step or speak a word to favor their hopes．If they bring on themselves public objections，no one will defend or excuse them，and many will Join to criticize their wrong doings．These should change this bad habit and be pleased with what is pleasing，without worrying needlessly about themselves and others．1f they do not，it will be good for others to avoid any contact with them．Otherwise，it can be disagreeable and sometimes very inconvenient，especially when ore becomes mixed up in their quarrels

1．People who are unhappy                    ．

A．always consider things differently from others

  B．usually are affected by the results of certain things

  C．usually misunderstand what others think or say

  D．always discover the unpleasant side of certain things

2．The phrase“sour the pleasure of society”most nearly means“               ”．

  A．have a good taste with social life    B．make others unhappy

  C．tend to scold others openly         D．enjoy the pleasure of life

3．We earl conclude from the passage that_______________

  A．We should pity all such unhappy people

  B．such unhappy people are dangerous to social life

  C．people can get rid of the habit of unhappiness

  D．unhappy people can not understand happy persons

4．If such unhappy persons insist on keeping the habit．the author suggests that people

  Should________________．

  A．prevent any communication with them

  B．show 120 respect and politeness to them

  C．persuade them to recognize the bad effects

  D．quarrel with them until they realize the mistakes

5．In this passage，the writer mainly _____________．

  A．describes two types of people

  B．laughs at the unhappy people

  C．suggests the unhappy people should get rid of the habits of unhappiness

  D．tells people how to be happy in life