调查显示，近几年我国中学生的健康状况不容乐观,近视眼、肥胖和体质弱等情况比较普遍。请分析造成此状况的原因及其危害，并提出改进措施。

阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题。（请注意问题后的字数要求）

Most people agree that the direct American personality is a Virtue，but it sometimes surprises foreigners. In many cultures, respect for older people or those in positions of authority keeps others from expressing their true feelings. But in the US，children often argue with their parents，students may disagree with their teachers, and citizens may express opposition to be actions of the government．If the soup has a fly in it or the meat is too tough to chew，the diner can complain to the waiter．If the boss makes a mistake, an employee will politely point it out．

Some straight talk about the American character must include the admission that Americans have their faults．The extremely competitive nature of Americans is probably their worst fault. Although sometimes it may promote excellence by encouraging individuals and businesses to try to do their best，the desire to get ahead of others sometimes causes people to de things that are unkind and even dishonest. Also, Americans admire what is practical，fast，efficient，and fresh．Sometimes they fail to understand and appreciate practices that have greater respect for more traditional，leisurely ways of doing things. on the other hand，people from other cultures may dislike the practical，challenging American lifestyle

Despite culture differences most foreigners give Americans credit for their virtues．Americans are generally viewed as friendly and energetic．Most newcomers to the US like Americans，and the feeling is usually mutual（相互的）．Perhaps the greatest American virtue is a deep interest in new ideas and new

people．In a nation of immigrants．the foreigner does not remain an outsider for long

1．What American virtues Can we learn from the passage?（List three within 10 words）

（1）                 （2）                 （3）                   

2．For what purpose does the writer give us some examples in the first Paragraph?（please answer within 10 words）

3．What does the writher mainly talk about in Paragraph 2 ?（Please answer with in 10 words）

4．Which sentence in the passage is the closest in meaning to the following one? Most immigrants think highly of the American virtues although they are different in culture

5．Translate the underlined sentence in the first Paragraph into Chinese

A tropical fish that lives in mangrove swamps（湿地） across the Americas Can survive out of water for months at a time，similar to how a11iIlals adapted to land millions of years ago。a new study shows．

  The Mangrove Rivulus，a type of small tropical killifish。seeks refuge in shallow pools of water in crab Caves，nut shells or even old beer cans in the tropical mangrove swamps of Belize，the United States and Brazil．

    When their living place dries up，they group together on the land in hollowed logs（圆木）and breathe air through. their skin instead of their gills （腮） until they can find water again．The fish，whose scientific name is Rivulus Marmoratus，can grow as large as three inches．

    The scientific breakthrough came after a trip to Belize．

    “We kicked over a log and the fish just came dropping out，”Taylor told Reuters in．neighboring Guatemala by telephone．He said he will publish his study on the fish in The American Naturalist journal early next year．

    In lab tests，Taylor said he found the fish Can survive for up to 66 days out of water without eating， and their metabolism（新陈代谢） keeps functioning．

    Some other fish Can survive briefly out of water．The walking catfish found in Southeast Asia call move about over land for hours at a time，while lungfish found in Australia，Africa and South America can survive out of water，but only in a sleeping state．

    No other known fish Can be out of writer as long as the Mangrove Rivulus and remain active．according to Patricia Wright，a biologist at Canada’s University of Guelph．

   “These animals live in an environment that is similar to conditions that existed millions of years ago，when animals began making the evolution（进化） from water onto land，”she said．

1．The underlined word“refuge”in paragraph 2 probably refers to          “

A．shelter                 B．food             C．water            D ．companion

2．The writer mentions the catfish and lungfish in the passage with the aim to            

      A．tell us that the Mangrove Rivulus is much larger

      B．show that there are many other fish that Can live out of water

      C．make a comparison with the Mangrove Rivulus

      D．tell us that there is a long way ahead in the study about fish

3．How does the scientific breakthrough about Rivulus come out?

      A．Scientists found it accidentally and made some experiments．

      B．Local people in mangrove swamps across the Americas discovered it

      C．Reuters reporter offered the news to a scientist by telephone．

      D．Lab study shows scientist its living place．

4．The Mangrove Rivulus is quite different from other fish because it can           

      A．live for a period of time out of water without eating

      B．breathe with their lung in a sleeping state

      C．grow as large as three inches

      D．survive out of water much longer and remain active

5．What does the last sentence of the passage imply?

      A．The fish can live a life as long as millions of years．

      B．The fish will be helpful in studying the evolution of animals．

C．The environment on earth is still the same as it was millions of years ago．

D．Animals begin making evolution from water onto land nowadays．

Do you play a musical instrument? Would you like to share a stage with world class famous composer（作曲家）？ Do you dream of becoming the next Lang Lang? Now is your chance to make it big in the classical music world, thanks to a video-sharing we can see.

    In collaboration with（与合作）orchestras such as the London Symphony Orchestra, New York Philharmonic and several others, the video-sharing site has launched the “You Tube Symphony Orchestra Project”.

    Billed as the world’s first collaborative online orchestra．the site wants users to submit videos sharing their musical talent.

    Beijing Olympics theme music composer Tan Dun has written the audition（试听）piece．He told me BBC his latest composition was inspired by walking around the streets of New York and hearing the sounds of mechanics．

“The Internet is all invisible Silk Road，joining people across the world．Anyone can download a score of my Internet Symphony No．1’Eroica’，pick any part of it and play it with any instrument or object，in any style，”he said．

In addition to Tan Dun’s piece．users will also have to perform a famous classical piece of their choice showing their musical and technical abilities．A team of experts will then whittle（减少）the field down to a shortlist of semi—finalists who will then be voted on by You Tube viewers．

    The competition hopes to inspire musicians from all over the world．“music means so much to different people，in different countries．It’s not just about the note of music，it’s about discovery，”said the music director of the San Francisco Symphony，Michael Tilson Thomas，

    With just three months till the competition deadline in February next year，anyone hoping to perform on the world stage and be part of musical history must act quickly．

    As New York Carnegie Hall’s director Clive Gilinson puts it．“This will be a one-of-a-kind moment in classical music，bringing musicians together in a totally new, modern and unique way”．

1．What is the best tide for this passage?

    A．Online Orchestra．                          B．Collaboration with orchestras．

    C．Video-sharing．                            D．Talent show．

2．What does the underlined phrase“to make it big’’in paragraph 1 mean?

    A．To become successful．                   B．To talk big．

    C．To be positive．                          D．To show off．

3．We can know from the passage that the video-sharing site               

      A．owns many famous orchestras working together

      B．is said to be the first collaborative online orchestra

      C．has sponsored many performances around the world

      D．has discovered many talented persons in music

4．How did Tang Dun compose his latest music according to his own words?

      A．The invisible Silk Road affected him greatly．

      B．The Internet joins people across the world，which helped him a lot．

      C．The sounds of mechanics around New York streets gave him an inspiration．

      D．The video-sharing website encouraged him．

5．What is true about the competition?

      A．The online competition deadline is in January 2009．

      B．The final winners will be chosen by some experts．

      C．The competition hopes to pick out the top composers from the whole world．

      D．Users are encouraged to submit videos of themselves playing music instruments．

A couple of years ago，before a trip to China，Nicole Davis and her US；women’s volleyball teammates Were warned about the prominence（显著、突出） of coach“Jenny”Lang Ping in her native country·

  “I was pushed over by Chinese journalists while I was just trying to put my luggage On the bus，”said Davis．

  Known as the“Iron Hammer”for her punishing spikes（扣球），Lang made it possible for China to dominate in the sport in the earlyl980s．She was a key player on China’s 1984 Olympic gold medal winning team．

    When the US team arrived for the Olympics，Lang，48，who is from Beijing，had to take a different route to avoid a crowd of reporters and fans．

    Then came the greatest moment to Lang：While the US team was playing in a packed gym，at least 8,000 Chinese fans unfurled an American flag．

    “That really says it all．”Davis said．“They look at her as an icon（偶像）．I’m sure

 it’s hard for them to see her coaching another country，but they love her so dearly that her success is their success”

    The loyalty of the Chinese fan’s was tested on Friday，when China lost a match to the US．

    “It’s a pity that China lost the match，but I’m still glad that Lang Ping’s team won，since she is the pride of China’s volleyball，”said Liu Chengli，a spectator．“We also cheered for Lang’s victory．”

    Lang says she just tries to stay professional when the two teams meet．“It doesn’t  matter if We play China or any other teem．It’s the same．”Lang said．

    Davis said she and her teammates could not have imagined the passion for volleyball among Chinese because the sport was lack of popularity in the US．The reception from Chinese fans has touched the US players．said US volleyball player Lindsey Berg．

    “It’s such an honor  to be here and play for our coach here in China ,” she said． “The amount of support that the Chinese give to her and us has been tremendous. The whole event has been unbelievable.”

1．What’s the passage mainly about?

    A．Staying professional                                 B．Cheering for the Iron Hammer．

C．A match between China and the US．          D．Lang Ping’s career as a coach．

2．Lang Ping avoided meeting the reporters and fans probably because she            

      A．was afraid to be questioned about her strategy

      B．didn’t want to be paid much attention to

      C．disliked to be with her fans

      D．didn’t want to disturb public order

3．What does the underlined word“unfurled”exactly mean?

      A．destroyed completely．                     B．tore into pieces．

      C．spread out to the wind．                      D．rolled up．

4．What does Lang Ping mean by saying“It doesn’t matter if We play China or any other team．”?

      A．American Volleyball Team will beat any team．

      B．Chinese Volleyball Team is the same as other teams．

      C．She just tries to stay professional．

      D．The results of each match will be same．

5．What impressed the US team players most?

      A．The tolerance of Chinese people．

      B．The popularity．of volleyball in China．

      C．Lang Ping’s coaching skills

      D．The loyalty for volleyball of the Chinese．