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   Manners nowadays in metropolitan cities like London are practically non-existent. It is nothing for a big, strong schoolboy to push an elderly woman aside to take the last remaining seat on the underway or bus.

   This question of giving up seats in public transport is much argued about by young men, who say that since women have claimed equality, they no longer deserve to be treated with politeness and that those who go out to work should take their turns in the rat race like anyone else. But women have never claimed to be physically strong as men. Even if it is not agreed, however, the fact remains that courtesy（礼节） should be shown to the old and the sick. Are we really so lost to   all ideals of unselfishness that we can sit there indifferently（冷漠地） reading the paper or a book, saying to ourselves, “First come, first served” while a grey-haired woman, a mother with a young child or a cripple（残障者） stands? Yet this is all too often seen.

   Older people, tired and impatient from a day’s work, are not always considerate either — far from it. Many arguments break out as the older people push and squeeze（挤）each other to get on buses. One cannot approve this, of course, but one does feel there is just a little more excuse.

   It seems urgent, not only that communications in transport should be improved, but also that communication between human beings should be kept smooth and polite. All over cities, it seems that people are too tired and too rushed to be polite. Shop assistants won’t bother to assist; taxi drivers shout at each other as they dash dangerously around corners; bus conductors pull the bell before their desperate passengers have time to get on or off the bus, and so on. It seems to us that it is up to the young to do their small part to stop such lowering of moral standards.

Title：Manners in Metropolitan Cities

The curtain on the 2008 US presidential election finally rose last month as John McCain and Barack Obama were formally nominated （提名） as candidates of the two major parties. This may be one of the hardest decisions voters have to make between two appealing candidates.

The big question for voters, as they face both an economic downturn and international threats, is: who will they elect? A young first-term senator promising change and new ideas, or a longtime senator with strong military experience and a reputation as a maverick （特立独行的人）?

American voters have never seen a candidate quite like Obama. He has a white mother from the US and a black father from Kenya who left the family when Obama was very young. He spent part of his youth in Indonesia.

His supporters say Obama’s childhood gives him the advantage to repair the recent damage done to America’s image abroad. His opponents focus on his inexperience, noting he hasn’t finished his first term in the Senate.   

However, McCain has a very different life story.

He grew up in a Navy family and was a pilot during the Vietnam War in the 1960s. When Obama was in kindergarten in Indonesia, McCain’s plane was shot down over Vietnam and he became a prisoner of war. McCain could have been released if he disowned America but he refused and so was held for five years.

So in the end, the election may hinge on （以…为转移） several factors that are hard to judge: Will Obama’s race matter to a significant number of voters? Will working-class whites who tended to support his primary opponent, Hillary Clinton, vote for Obama? And perhaps most important of all, will swing （摇摆） voters be more drawn to Obama’s vision （远景规划） or to McCain’s experience?

Whatever happens, one thing is clear: Whoever walks into the White House on January 20, 2009, will find enormous challenges waiting for him in the Oval Office, both at home and abroad.

1. _________ makes the result of the election hard to predict.

A. Whether working class whites care about Obama’s inexperience
B. The economic trouble the country now faces

C. Who swing voters will finally decide to vote for

D. McCain being too old to govern the country

2. The appeal in Obama as a presidential candidate lies in ______.

    A. his multi-cultural background                             B. his belief in tradition

    C. his inexperience in politics                                  D. his fantastic promises

3. The word “disown” in Paragraph 6 means closest to ______.

    A. flee from    B. turn his back on      C. not keep it private      D. expose secrets about

4. The challenges that will face the new president _______.

 A. are not mentioned in the text

 B. include building a strong party and a friendly image

 C. refer to the problems of immigrants and economy

 D. refer to the problems of economy and international relations

Filling in company application forms can become a boring and repetitive task. Yet any carelessness on an applicant’s part can draw a negative reaction from readers. Each company or organization usually uses its own specially designed form that, although it generally asks for the same basic information, may vary in detail. Therefore the suggestions below apply mainly to the approach （方法） you should take rather than suggest what you should write.

*When visiting future employers, always carry your personal data record with you so that you can readily search for details such as dates, telephone numbers, and other useful information.

*Treat every application form as though it is the first one you are completing—write carefully and neatly. t

*Use words that describe the responsibility and different aspects of each job you have held rather than list only the duties you performed.

*Particularly describe social activities that show your involvement （参与） in the community, or activities in which you held a teaching or coaching role.

*Pay particular attention of there is a section on the form that asks you to comment on how your education and past experience have especially prepared you for the position.

Think this through very carefully before you write so that what you say shows a natural progression from past experience to the job you are applying for. If you can , and if they fit naturally , add a few words to demonstrate （证明） how the position fits your overall career plan.

1．The first sentence of the passage means that        .

A. You may have to fill in a long application form

B. the filling up of an application form takes much time

C. one may have to fill in many application forms before one gets a job

D. application forms should be filled carefully, with no misleading

2．Although all application forms demand the same basic information,       .

A. different companies may have different requirements

B. different companies may take the same attitude towards them

C. application may be required to answer all the questions in detail

D. application may have to send in the forms by person

3．Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．Your personal data record is more important than the interview itself.

B．You should put all your personal data record in the application form.

C．Your personal data record will be of much help to your interview.

D．You should write your personal data as clearly and neatly as possible.

4．Which of the following would be the best TITLE of the passage?

A．Importance of Application Forms             B．How to Fill in an Application Form

C．Job and Its Application Form                    D．Nature of Application Forms

The interview has been going on for about 20 minutes and everything seems to be going well．Then, suddenly, the interviewer asks an unexpected question, “Which is more important, law or love?”

    Job applicants in the West increasingly find themselves asked strange questions like this．And the signs are that this is beginning to happen in China．

    Employers want people who are skilled, enthusiastic and devoted．So these are the qualities that any reasonably intelligent job applicant will try to show no matter what his or her actual feelings are．In response, employers are increasingly using the questions which try and show the applicant’s true personality．

    The question in the first paragraph comes from a test called the Kiersey Temperament Sorter．It is an attempt to discover how people solve problems, rather than what they know．This is often called aptitude （天资）test．

    According to Mark Baldwin of Alliance, many job applicants in China are finding this type of questions difficult．“When a Chinese fills out an aptitude test, he or she will think there is a right answer but they may fail because they try to guess what the examiner wants to see．”

    This is sometimes called the prisoner’s dilemma （窘境）．Applicants are trying to act cleverly in their own interest, but they fail because they don’t understand what the interviewer is looking for．Remember that in an aptitude test, the correct answer is the honest answer．

1．What is the purpose of the passage?

    A．To give a piece of advice for job interviewees．

    B．To tell you how to deal with job interviews．

    C．To advise you how to find a good job．

    D．To describe an aptitude test．

2．Now employers want to hire workers ________．

    A．who know much more than others               B．who will work harder than others

       C．who are able to solve the problems        D．who are better educated than others

3．According to the writer, in an aptitude test, Chinese job applicants should ________．

   A．not tell the truth                               B．offer a complete answer

   C．learn to tell what they really think         D．find out what the examiner wants to know

4．From the passage we know that ________．

       A．job applicants are always asked such questions

     B．applicants should not act as cleverly as possible

     C．more Chinese applicants fail to find a job

       D．aptitude test is becoming world-wide popular

I stole your dog today. No, I didn't set a foot on your house, but from the condition of your dog, I can imagine what it looks like... The word" rubbish" comes to mind.

I found her along a road, with a heavy chain wrapped around her neck, still attached to rotten boards from her doghouse. Not only did I know that most of the town people had already ignored her, judging by the place where I found her, but I knew that if she had gotten into the woods, the "cross" that she dragged behind her would have wrapped itself around a tree until starvation or thirst killed her.

She has a beautiful name now. Already in the first week she has come to look more like she should. Her eyes sparkle and she has learned to wag her tail in greeting. She has stopped flinching（畏缩）when I make a sudden movement, because she knows now that I won' t beat her. In fact, she rarely leaves my side. She's even become brave enough to bark at a cat and today I looked out of the window as she attempted to play with other dogs. No, it’s clear that she does not miss you or her former life on a chain.

It' s not clear yet whether she'll remain here or whether I'll find her a loving home where she can count on more individual attention than I can give her, but one thing is certain, this is a bit of stolen" property" which is never returning to you. So sue me, accuse me, plead with the court that she is rightfully yours... I' m convinced that this is the best" crime" I've ever committed. Hardly anything has pleased me more than the day when I stole your dog. I need only look into her beautiful brown eyes to know that she'd defend my decision with her life. If we have one prayer, it is that you will not replace her, and if we have one special day to celebrate together, it is the day I stole your dog and the day she stole my heart.

1. What's the author's attitude towards the former owner of the dog?

   A. Puzzled.           B. Angry.         C. Shocked.          D. Satisfied.

2. It can be inferred from the passage that____________.

   A. the dog is not lovely

   B. the dog tried to find a kind master

   C. the dog was treated badly by its former master

   D. the author will be charged with stealing the dog

3. What did the author think of his theft?

     A. He was afraid of being punished.

     B. He thought he had to do it.

     C. He believed that the law would allow him to do so.

D. He did it with pride.