In ancient times the most important examinations were spoken, not 1 . In the 2 of ancient Greece and Rome, testing usually 3 saying poetry aloud or giving speeches.
In the European universities of the Middle Ages, students who were 4 for advanced degrees had to 5 questions in their field of study with people who had made a special study of the subject. This 6 exists today as part of the process of, 7 candidates (应试者) for the doctor's degree.
Generally, 8 , modern examinations are written. The written examination, 9 all students are tested on the same questions, was probably 10 until the nineteenth century. Perhaps it came into existence with the great 11 in population and the development of modern industry. A room full of candidates for a state examination, 12 exactly by electric clocks and carefully watched over by managers, is similar to a group of 13 at an automobile factory. Certainly, during examinations teachers and students are 14 to act like machines.
One type of test is sometimes 15 an "objective test". It is intended to deal with facts, not 16 opinions. To 17 an objective test the teacher writes a series of questions, each of which has 18 one correct answer. Along with each question the teacher writes the correct answer and also three statements that 19 answers to students who have not learned the material 20 .
1. A. writing B. speaking C. written D. listening
2. A. governments B. schools C. homes D. offices
3. A. considered B. enjoyed C. suggested D. included
4. A. working B. teaching C. looking D. waiting
5. A. raise B. answer C. talk D. discuss
6. A. work B. university C. custom D. question
7. A. asking B. producing C. testing D. hiring
8. A. but B. however C. though D. still
9. A. where B. that C. when D. which
10. A. known B. not known C. worked out D. not worked out
11. A. progress B. development C. decrease D. increase
12. A. timed B. measured C. controlled D. required
13. A. machines B. cars C. workers D. students
14. A. willing B. expected C. hoped D. imagined
15. A. made B. given C. treated D. called
16. A. own B. social C. personal D. true
17. A. make sure B. make out C. make use of D. make up
18. A. nearly B. at least C. only D. more than
19. A. are B. look like C. give D. look as if
20. A. properly B. happy C. ago D. easily
1-5 CBDAD 6-10 CCBAB 11-15 DACBD 16-20 CDCBA