选词填空
It isn’t just the beer that 15． to beer bellies. It could also be the extra calories, fat and unhealthy eating choices that may come with 16． drinking.
A recent study found that men consume an 17． 433 calories (equivalent to a McDonald’s double cheeseburger) on days they drink a moderate amount of alcohol. About 61% of the caloric increase comes from the alcohol itself. Men also report eating higher amounts of saturated fats and meat, and less fruit and milk, on those days than on days when they aren’t drinking, the study showed. Women fared a bit better, taking in an extra 300 calories on moderate-drinking days, from the alcohol and eating fattier foods. But women’s increase in calories from additional eating wasn’t statistically significant, the study said. ‘Men and women ate less healthily on days they drank alcohol,’ said Rosalind Breslow, an epidemiologist with the federal National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and lead author of the study. ‘Poorer food choices on drinking days have public-health 18．, she said. The findings dovetail with controlled lab studies in which 19． generally eat more food after consuming alcohol. Researchers suggest that alcohol may enhance ‘the short-term rewarding effects’ of consuming food, according to a 2010 report in the journal Physiology & Behavior that reviewed previous studies on alcohol, appetite and obesity. But other studies have pointed to a different trend. Moderate drinkers gain less weight over time than either heavy drinkers or people who abstain from alcohol, particularly women, this research has shown. Moderate drinking is 20． having about two drinks a day for men and one for women. ‘People who gain the least weight are moderate drinkers, regardless of 
beverage choice,’ said Eric Rimm, an associate professor of epidemiology and nutrition at Harvard Medical School and chairman of the 2010 review of alcohol in the federal dietary 21．. The weight-gain difference is modest, and ‘starting to drink is not a weight-loss diet,’ he said. The various research efforts form part of a long-standing 22． about how alcohol affects people’s appetites, weight and overall health. Researchers say there aren’t simple answers, and suggest that individuals’ metabolism, drinking patterns and gender may play a role. Alcohol is ‘a real wild card when it comes to weight management,’ said Karen Miller-Kovach, chief scientific officer of Weight Watchers International. At seven calories per gram, alcohol is closer to fat than to carbohydrate or protein in caloric content, she said. Alcohol tends to lower restraint, she notes, causing a person to become more 23． with what they’re eating. Research bolstering the role of moderate drinking in helping to control weight gain was published in 2004 in the journal Obesity Research. That study followed nearly 50,000 women over eight years. An earlier study, published in the American Journal of Epidemiology in 1994, followed more than 7,000 people for 10 years and found that moderate drinkers gained less weight than nondrinkers. Studies comparing changes in waist circumference among different groups have yielded similar results. Dr. Rimm said it isn’t clear why moderate drinking may be 24． against typical weight gain, but it could have to do with metabolic adjustments. After people drink alcohol, their heart rate increases so they burn more calories in the following hour.
‘It’s a modest amount,’ he said. ‘But if you take an individual that eats 100 calories instead of a glass of wine, the person drinking the glass of wine will have a slight increase in the amount of calories burned.’
答案
15．E（contributes）
16．I（moderate）
17．M（additional）
18．K（implications）
19．B（participants）
20．D（considered）
21．G（guidelines）
22．C（debate）
23．A（indulgent）
24．H（protective）
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述啤酒对人健康的影响。啤酒肚不仅仅是啤酒造成的，适量饮酒也可能会带来额外的热量、脂肪和不健康的饮食，这些都是啤酒肚的帮凶。里姆博士说，目前还不清楚为什么适量饮酒可能防止典型的体重增加，但这可能与新陈代谢的调节有关。
15．根据It isn’t just the beer that ____1____ to beer bellies.可知，啤酒肚不仅仅是啤酒本身造成的。结合句意可知答案为E（contributes）
16．根据It could also be the extra calories, fat and unhealthy eating choices that may come with ____2____ drinking.可知，适量饮酒可能会带来额外的热量、脂肪和不健康的饮食选择。结合句意可知答案为I（moderate）
17．根据A recent study found that men consume an ____3____ 433 calories (equivalent to a McDonald’s double cheeseburger) on days they drink a moderate amount of alcohol.可知，最近的一项研究发现，男性在适量饮酒会多摄入433卡路里(相当于麦当劳双层芝士汉堡)。结合句意可知答案为M（additional）
18．根据Poorer food choices on drinking days have public-health ____4____, she said.可知，她说，饮酒时选择食物不当会给公众健康造成隐患。结合句意可知答案为K（implications）
19．根据The findings dovetail with controlled lab studies in which ____5____ generally eat more food after consuming alcohol.可知，这一发现与实验室对照研究相吻合，在对照研究中，参与者在饮酒后通常会吃更多的食物。结合句意可知答案为B（participants）
20．根据Moderate drinking is ____6____ having about two drinks a day for men and one for women.可知，适量饮酒指的是男人一天大约喝两杯，女人一天喝一杯。结合句意可知答案为D（considered）
21．根据Eric Rimm, an associate professor of epidemiology and nutrition at Harvard Medical School and chairman of the 2010 review of alcohol in the federal dietary ____7____.可知，Eric Rimm,哈佛大学医学院流行病学和营养学副教授，2010年美国饮食指南酒类评论的主席。结合句意可知答案为G（guidelines）
22．根据The various research efforts form part of a long-standing ____8____ about how alcohol affects people’s appetites, weight and overall health.可知，长期以来，人们一直在争论酒精是如何影响人的食欲、体重和整体健康的。结合句意可知答案为C（debate）
23．根据Alcohol tends to lower restraint, she notes, causing a person to become more ____9____ with what they’re eating.可知，她指出，酒精往往会降低人们的克制力，导致人们吃东西时更加放纵自己。结合句意可知答案为A（indulgent）
24．根据Dr. Rimm said it isn’t clear why moderate drinking may be ____10____ against typical weight gain, but it could have to do with metabolic adjustments.可知，里姆博士说，目前还不清楚为什么适量饮酒可能防止典型的体重增加，但这可能与新陈代谢的调节有关。结合句意可知答案为H（protective）
