单句语法填空
1.The question remains __________ we can win the majority of the people.
2.We must make it clear __________ anyone who breaks the law will be punished.
3.You should know __________ you’re going before you plan the best way of getting there.
4.Mary shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew __________ she was so angry.
5.As a graduate, he doesn’t know __________ it needs to start a business here.
6.What the doctors really doubt is __________ my mother will recover from the serious disease.
7.Pointing to the building, my brother said, “This is __________ I worked two years ago.”
8.Sarah hopes to become a friend of __________ shares common interests with her.
1.whether
2.that
3.where
4.why
5.what
6.whether
7.where
8.whoever
【分析】
本题为单句语法填空。主要考查学生对于名词性从句的连接词的运用能力。在填写时要注意所填的词在句中所做的成分。再分析句子的结构,由此得出正确的答案。
1.考查表语从句。句意:问题是我们能否赢得大多数人民群众的支持。分析句子结构可知,空处引导表语从句且意为“是否”,故填whether。
2.考查宾语从句。句意:我们必须明白无论谁违反了法律都要受到惩罚。分析句子结构可知,此句中it是形式宾语,代替后面的从句,且从句中不缺成分,故应用that。
3.考查宾语从句。句意:你应该先知道要去哪里,你再计划到那里的最佳路线。连接词where引导宾语从句并在从句中作地点状语,表示“哪里”。故用where。
4.考查宾语从句。句意:Mary重重地关上门,哭了起来。办公室里没有人知道她为什么那么生气。根据句意可知填why,表示“……的原因”。故填why。
5.考查宾语从句。句意:作为一名毕业生,他不知道在这里创业需要什么。根据句意并分析句子结构可知,空处作needs的宾语,所以用what,表示“什么”。故填what。
6.考查表语从句。句意:医生真正怀疑的是我妈妈是否能从重病中恢复过来。空处引导表语从句,且根据句意可知填whether。
7.考查表语从句。句意:我哥哥指着那座大楼,说,“那就是我两年前工作的地方”。分析句子结构可知,从句中缺少地点状语,所以填where。
8.考查宾语从句。句意:Sarah希望和她兴趣相同的任何人交朋友。根据句意可知,此处填whoever,相当于anyone who,表示“任何人”,故填whoever。
表语从句的概念:
用作表语的从句叫作表语从句,它位于主句中的连系动词之后。引导表语从句的词有
从属连词that、whether、as though(if);
关系代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等;
关系副词when, where, why, how, however, when。
表语从句用法:
1、表语从句的引导词:
引导表语从句的词有连词that, whether,连接代词和连接副词,关系代词型what,以及as if,as though,because等连词:
如:The fact is that he doesn't really try. 事实是他没有做真正的努力。
The question is whether the film is worth seeing. 问题是这部电影是否值得看。
The problem is how we can find him. 问题是我们如何找到他。
That was when I was fifteen. 这是我15岁时发生的事。
It isn't as if you were going away for ever. 又不是你离开不回来了。
It is because I love you too much. 那是因为我太爱你了。
注:whether可此导表语从句,但与之同义的if 却通常不用于引导表语从句;because可引导表语从句,但与之同义的since, as, for等也不用于引导表语从句。
2、连词that的省略问题引导表语从句的that通常不省略,但在口语或非正式文体中有时也可省略:
如:My idea is(that) we should do it right away. 我的意见是我们应该马上干。
The trouble is(that) he is ill. 糟糕的
表语从句用法拓展:
名词性从句在be等系动词后作表语时被称为表语从句,表语从句只能置于主句之后,而主句的动词只能是联系动词。
例如:The problem is how we can get the things we need. 问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西。(how在表语从句中充当方式状语)
The scissors are not what I need. 这把剪刀不是我所需要的。(what在表语从句中充当宾语)
What I told him was that I would find him a good play.
我告诉他的是我会给他找个好剧本。(what在主语从句中作直接宾语,that作为表语从句的引导词在该表语从句中不充当句子成分,不能省略)
That is what I want to tell you. 那就是我想要对你讲的。(what在表语从句中充当直接宾语)
That is why she failed to pass the exam. 那就是她考试不及格的原因。(why在表语从句中充当原因状语)
注意:“That is why...”是常用句型,意为“这就是……的原因/因此……”,其中why引导的名词性从句在句中作表语,该句型通常用于针对前面已经说明过的原因进行总结:
如:That is why you see this old woman before you know, Jeanne.珍妮,这就是现在这个老太婆出现在你面前的原因。(前文提到Jeanne对老妇人显得苍老憔悴深感诧异,说话人对她讲述了其中的原因之后,用这一句来进行概括)。//ThatiswhyIcame.这就是我来的原因。下面是两个与“That is why...”形式相似的结构,它们与“That is why...”结构之间的关系要能够辨析清楚:
(1)“That is why...”与“That is the reason why...”同义,只不过从语法结构上讲,“That is the reason why...”中why引导的是—个定语从句,将其中的the reason去掉则与“That is why...”结构一样:
如:That is(the reason) why I can not agree. 这就是我不能同意的理由。
(2)“That is because...”句型中从属连词because引导的名词性从句在此作表语,这也是个常用句型,意为“这就是为什么……/因为……”。“That is because...”与“That is why...”之间的不同在于“That is because...”指原因或理由,“That is why...”则指由于各种原因所造成的后果:
如:He did not see the film last night.
That is because he had to help his little sister with her homework. 昨天晚上他没有去看电影,那是因为他得帮助他的妹妹做作业。(第一句话说明结果,第二句话说明原因)
He had seen the film before. That is why he did not see it last night. 他以前曾看过那部电影,因此他昨天晚上没有去看。(第一句话说明原因,第二句话说明结果)
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