翻译句子
1.无家可归者的数量减少 了,因为他们遇到的许多问题已经被解决了。(a number of; the number of)
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2.毫无疑问,总有一天会找到治疗方法。(no doubt)
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3.正是你的勤奋和努力造就了你的成功。(it was...that...)
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4.她在独自步行回家的路上不断地往后看,好像被人跟随一样。(状语从句的省略)
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5.我正在给Jane打电话,这时候有人敲门了。(be doing... when...)
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1. The number of homeless people has decreased because a great number of problems they met have been solved.
2. There is no doubt that one day a cure will be found.
3. It was your hard work and efforts that contributed to your success
4. She looked backward constantly when walking alone on her way home as if followed by someone.
5. I was telephoning Jane when someone knocked at the door.
【解析】
1.a number of为量词短语,表示“许多……”,中心词是这个短语所修饰的复数名词,所以作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;the number of表示“……的数量”,后接复数名词,其中,中心词为number,因此谓语动词用单数,所以填The number of homeless people has decreased because a great number of problems they met have been solved.
2.There is no doubt that毫无疑问,该用法是固定用法,所以填There is no doubt that one day a cure will be found.
3.这里是一个强调句。强调句的基本结构是:it is / was + 被强调部分 + that + 句子的其他成分,所以填It was your hard work and efforts that contributed to your success.
4.当状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致,或状语从句中的主语是it,并且又含有be动词时,常可以省略从句中的主语和be动词,所以填She looked backward constantly when walking alone on her way home as if followed by someone.
5.be doing... when... 做……当……,该句型是固定句型,所以填I was telephoning Jane when someone knocked at the door.
请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填1个单词。
Feeling extreme loneliness can increase an older person’s risk of premature (过早的)death by 14 percent, according to research by John Cacioppo, professor of psychology at the University of Chicago.
Cacioppo and his colleagues’ work shows that the impact of loneliness on premature death is nearly as strong as the impact of disadvantaged socioeconomic status, which they found increases the chances of dying early by 19 percent. A 2010 meta﹣analysis showed that loneliness has twice as much impact on early death as obesity does, he said.
The researchers looked at dramatic differences in the rate of decline in physical and mental health as people aged. Cacioppo and his colleagues have examined the role of satisfying relationships on older people to develop their resilience ([rɪˈzɪliəns] 快速恢复的能力;适应力), the ability to feel better quickly after something unpleasant, and grow from stresses in life.
The consequences for health are dramatic, as feeling isolated or separated from others can disturb sleep, elevate blood pressure, increase morning rises in the stress hormone cortisol ([‘kɔ:tɪsɒl] 皮质醇), change the gene expression in immune cells, increase depression and lower overall subjective well﹣being, Cacioppo pointed out in a talk, “ Rewarding Social Connections Promote Successful Aging.”
Cacioppo, one of the nation’s leading experts on loneliness, said older people can avoid the consequences of loneliness by staying in touch with former co﹣workers, taking part in family traditions, and sharing good times with family and friends ﹣ all of which give older adults a chance to connect with others about whom they care and who care about them.
”Retiring to Florida to live in a warmer climate among strangers isn’t necessarily a good idea if it means you are disconnected from the people who mean much to you,” said Cacioppo. Population changes make understanding the role of loneliness and health all the more important,he explained. “People have to think about how to protect themselves from depression, low subjective well﹣being and early death. “
Although some people are happy to be alone, most people develop from social situations in which they provide mutual support and establish a strong bond. Evolution encourages people to work together to survive and accordingly most people enjoy companionship compared to be alone.
It is not solitude (独处)or physical isolation itself, but rather the subjective sense of isolation that Cacioppo’s work shows to be so destructive. Older people living alone are not necessarily lonely if they remain actively engaged in social life and enjoy the company of those around them. Some aspects of aging, such as blindness and loss of hearing, however, place people at special risk of becoming isolated and lonely, he said.
Passage outline | Supporting details |
The main idea | Chances are that older people will die early if they feel extremely 51.. |
52. with loneliness | • Like disadvantaged socioeconomic status and obesity, loneliness can 53. old men’s premature death. • When 54. from others, one will find physical health impacted and tend to feel depressive and unhappy. |
Suggestions | • Keep in touch with others and take part in 55. activities. • Choosing to live in a pleasant climate don’t necessarily make sense if the elder are disconnected from people who are 56. to them. • Think about how to57. depression, low subjective well﹣being and early death. • Work together with others to 58., to gain mutual support and establish a strong bond. |
Conclusions | • The sense of isolation, rather than solitude or physical isolation itself, isn’t 59.to elders. • Living alone doesn’t mean loneliness if older people live an 60. social life. |