翻译句子
1.会议将聚焦如何减少空气污染。(focus on)
2.希望我们毕业后保持联系。(stay in touch)
3.学生在理解长句方面有困难。(trouble)
4.这个男孩充分利用空余时间读了许多故事。(make the most of)
5.我正在街上走着突然遇到了一位老朋友。(when)
1.The meeting will focus on how to reduce air pollution.
2.I hope we will stay in touch (with each other) after graduation./Hope to stay in touch after our graduation.
3.Students have trouble (in) understanding long sentences.
4.The boy makes/made the most of his free/spare time to read many stories.
5.I was walking in the street when I met / saw / encountered / came across an old friend.
【分析】
1.考查动词短语和时态。分析句子可知,动作为将要发生用一般将来时。主语为The meeting,谓语为will focus on,宾语为how to reduce air pollution。故翻译为:The meeting will focus on how to reduce air pollution.
2.考查宾语从句和祈使句。分析句子可知,可以用宾语从句或者是祈使句。主语为I,谓语为hope,宾语为从句。祈使句就正常用hope开头。再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为:I hope we will stay in touch (with each other) after graduation./Hope to stay in touch after our graduation.
3.考查固定短语。分析句子可知,在…有困难为固定短语have trouble (in) doing。主语Students,谓语为have trouble (in) understanding,宾语为long sentences。故翻译为:Students have trouble (in) understanding long sentences.
4.考查时态和固定短语。分析句子可知,叙述一般事实用一般现在时或一般过去时。主语The boy,谓语为makes/made,宾语为his free/spare time。故翻译为:The boy makes/made the most of his free/spare time to read many stories.
5.考查时间状语从句。分析句子可知,本句为when引导的时间状语从句,而且发生在过去,主句用过去进行时,从句用一般过去时。主句主语I,谓语为was walking,再结合其他汉语意思。故翻译为:I was walking in the street when I met / saw / encountered / came across an old friend.
一般现在时的概念:
表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或者动作(有时间规律发生的事件)的一种时间状态。
一般现在时知识体系:
一般现在时的用法:
1)经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用。常用的时间状语有every...,sometimes,at...,on Sunday等。
例如:I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。
2)客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。
例如:The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。
Shang hai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。
3)表示格言或警句。
例如:Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。
注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
例如:Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。
4)现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。
例如:I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。
Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不错,讲的可不行。
比较:Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。
I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功课。
第一句用一般现在时,用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作,表示言行的瞬间动作。
第二句中的now是进行时的标志,表示正在进行的动作的客观状况,所以后句用一般现在时。
一般现在时用法拓展:
1、一般现在时表将来:
1)下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可以表示将来,主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。
例如:The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。
—When does the bus star? 汽车什么时候开
—It stars in ten minutes. ?十分钟后。
2)以here, there 等开始的倒装句,表示动作正在进行。
例如:Here comes the bus.=The bus is coming. 车来了。
There goes the bell.=The bell is ringing. 铃响了。
3)在时间或条件句中。
例如:When Bill comes(不是will come), ask him to wait for me. 比尔来后,让他等我。
I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里,就写信给你。
4)在动词hope, take care that, make sure that 等的宾语从句中。
例如:I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他们下星期玩得开心。
Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 离开房间前,务必把窗户关了。
2、一般现在时代替一般将来时:
When, while, before, fter, till, once, as soon as, so long as, by the time, if, in case(that), unless, even if, whether, the moment, the minute, the day, the year, immediately等引导的时间状语从句,条件句中,用一般现在时代替将来时。
例如:He is going to visit her aunt the day he arrives in Beijing. 他一到北京,就去看他姨妈。
3、一般现在时代替一般过去时:
1)"书上说","报纸上说"等。
例如:The news paper says that it's going to be cold tomorrow. 报纸上说明天会很冷的。
2)叙述往事,使其生动。
例如:Napoleon's army now advances and the great battle begins. 拿破仑的军队正在向前挺进,大战开始了
4、一般现在时代替现在完成时:
1)有些动词用一般现在时代替完成时,如hear, tell, learn, write, understand, forget, know, find, say, remember等。
例如:I hear(=haveheard)he will go to London. 我听说了他将去伦敦。
I forget(=have forgotten)how old he is. 我忘了他多大了。
2)用句型"It is…since…"代替"It has been…since…"。
例如:It is(=has been)five years since we last met. 从我们上次见面以来,五年过去了。
5、一般现在时代替现在进行时:
在Here comes…/There goes…等句型里,用一般现在时代替现在进行时。
例如:There goes the bell.铃响了。
时态一致:
1、如果从句所叙述的为真理或相对不变的事实,则用现在时。
例如:At that time, people did not know that the earth moves. 那时,人们不知道地球是动的。
He told me last week that he is eighteen.上星期他告诉我他十八岁了。
2、宾语从句中的,助动词ought, need, must, dare的时态是不变的。
例如:He thought that I need not tell you the truth. 他认为我不必告诉你真相。
登录并加入会员可无限制查看知识点解析