At three, I was inseparable from my parents. Wherever they went I went, always reaching out for their hands to ensure their 1 . Never having left them until three, I had what is called 2 anxiety. This made preschool a/an 3 time for all of us.
As we approached my preschool for the first time, one of my hands tightly 4 my fathers hand, the other nervously grasped my mother's. I was happy and curious—what could this new place be? There were other 5 for me to play with and of course toys. Soon, however, I was introduced to my teachers. They guided us towards a small window seat in a classroom. Just then, my parents suddenly 6 my hands and broke away from our group and went a 7 way. They were heading toward the door. Realizing what happened, I attempted to 8 them, only to be held back by my teachers. I shouted, loud enough for my parents, now outside, to 9 I pressed against the glass, tears down my face. "We call this The Crying Window," ray teachers had told my parents. ''Children are often 10 when seeing their parents leave the school without them. My parents stood outside, tormented by having to stand by while their kid 11 .But soon an older girl appeared. She wrapped her arms around me until I stopped 12 .The hug was comforting like that of my parents. Then she took me away from the 13 . My parents breathed a sigh of 14 .
The girl was Helen, and soon we were best friends. Every day when I was dropped off at school, tears would come but then I would fight them back, as Helen grabbed my hand and led me away. We have developed great 15 since then.
1 . A . interest B . presence C . success D . safety
2 . A . health B . graduation C . employment D . separation
3 . A . boring B . exciting C . tough D . happy
4 . A . pressed B . squeezed C . struck D . slid
5 . A . children B . parents C . teachers D . friends
6 . A . caught B . loosened C . touched D . washed
7 . A . curious B . familiar C . different D . strange
8 . A . looked after B . looked for C . run after D . run against
9 . A . give in B . give up C . turn out D . turn around
10 . A . crazy B . disappointed C . upset D . angry
11 . A . suffered B . fought C . studied D . swam
12 . A . paining B . singing C . speaking D . crying
13 . A . window B . door C . seat D . floor
14 . A . sorrow B . regret C . relief D . comfort
15 . A . friendship B . education C . careers D . hobbies
1 . B
2 . D
3 . C
4 . B
5 . A
6 . B
7 . C
8 . C
9 . D
10 . C
11 . A
12 . D
13 . A
14 . C
15 . A
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者上幼儿园时哭喊着不想和父母分开,这时一个女孩安慰了作者,从那之后,作者和她成为了最好的朋友并建立了深厚的友谊。
1 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:无论他们去哪里我都去,总是伸手去抓他们的手来确保他们的存在。 A . interest 兴趣; B . presence 存在,在场; C . success 成功; D . safety 安全。根据上文中的 “I was inseparable from my parents” 可知,作者上幼儿园之前,一刻也离不开父母,由此可推断出,我是伸手去抓他们的手,确保他们在我的身边。故选 B 项。
2 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:直到三岁离开他们时,我就有了所谓的分离焦虑症。 A . health 健康; B . graduation 毕业; C . employment 雇用; D . separation 分离。根据后文第九空后 “I pressed against the glass, tears down my face” 可知,我在上幼儿园时不想和父母分离,开始哭泣,由此可推断出,我是因为和父母的分离感到焦虑。故选 D 项。
3 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这使得上幼儿园的那段时期对我们所有人来说是一段困难的时期。 A . boring 无聊的; B . exciting 令人激动的; C . tough 困难的; D . happy 快乐的。根据上文 “I had what is called separation anxiety.” 可知,作者有分离焦虑症,害怕与父母分离,由此可推断出,上幼儿园时需要与父母分开,所以是一段困难的时期。故选 C 项。
4 .考查动词词义辨析。句意:当我们第一次靠近幼儿园时,我的一只手紧紧地握住父亲的手,另一只手紧张地抓住妈妈的手。 A . pressed 压; B . squeezed 挤压,捏; C . struck 撞,碰; D . slid 滑落。根据空格后 “the other nervously grasped my mother’s” 可知,作者害怕父母离开,所以应该是紧紧地抓着父亲的手。故选 B 项。
5 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:那里有别的孩子和我玩,当然还有玩具。 A . children 儿童,小孩; B . parents 父母; C . teachers 老师; D . friends 朋友。根据上文 “As we approached my preschool for the first time” 可知,我去的地方是幼儿园,可推断出是有很多孩子和我玩。故选 A 项。
6 .考查动词词义辨析。句意:就在这时,我父母突然松开了我的手,离开了我们这群人,去了不同的方向。 A . caught 抓住; B . loosened 松开; C . touched 触摸; D . washed 洗。根据空格后 “broke away from our group” 可知,父母离开了我们这群人,可推断出父母松开了我的手。故选 B 项。
7 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意:就在这时,我父母突然松开了我的手,离开了我们这群人,去了不同的方向。 A . curious 好奇的; B . familiar 熟悉的; C . different 不同的; D . strange 奇怪的。根据空格后 “They were heading toward the door” 可知,父母朝着门的方向走去,可推断出父母和我去了不同的方向。故选 C 项。
8 .考查动词短语辨析。句意:意识到发生了什么事,我想追他们,结果被老师拦住了。 A . looked after 照顾; B . looked for 寻找; C . run after 追赶; D . run against 违反,对 …… 不利。根据空格后 “only to be held back by my teachers” 可知,我被老师拦住了,可推断出作者看到父母要走,想去追赶,结果被老师拦住了。故选 C 项。
9 .考查动词短语辨析。句意:我开始喊叫,声音大得足以让我父母在外面听到,让他们转过身来。 A . give in 屈服,让步; B . give up 放弃; C . turn out 发生,结果是; D . turn around 转身。根据上文可知,作者不想让父母离开,所以应该是大声喊叫让父母转身回来。故选 D 项。
10 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意:孩子们看到父母不带他们离开学校时常常感到不安。 A . crazy 疯狂的; B . disappointed 失望的; C . upset 不安的; D . angry 生气的。根据上文 “We call this The Crying Window” 及生活常识可知,父母的离开会让上幼儿园的孩子们感到不安,所以他们会哭闹和喊叫。故选 C 项。
11 .考查动词词义辨析。句意:我的父母站在外面,当他们的孩子受苦时不得不袖手旁观。 A . suffered 受苦; B . fought 打架; C . studied 学习; D . swam 游泳。根据上文 “I pressed against the glass, tears down my face” 可知,我开始哭泣因为父母的离开,可推断出我正在遭受离别的痛苦。故选 A 项。
12 .考查动词词义辨析。句意:她搂着我直到我停止哭泣。 A. paining 痛苦; B . singing 唱; C . speaking 说话; D . crying 哭泣。根据上文 “I pressed against the glass, tears down my face” 可知,因为父母的离开,我开始流泪,由此可推断出,当时我是在哭,所以应该是她搂着我直到我停止哭泣。故选 D 项。
13 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:然后她把我从窗口带走。 A . window 窗户,窗口; B . door 门; C . seat 座位; D . floor 地板。根据上文 “They guided us towards a small window seat in a classroom.” 和 “I pressed against the glass” 可知,我坐的地方是教室里一个靠窗的小座位,而且我按在玻璃上哭泣,由此可推断出我此时是在窗户那,所以女孩把我从窗口带走。故选 A 项。
14 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:我父母松了一口气。 A . sorrow 悲痛; B . regret 后悔; C . relief 轻松,宽慰; D . comfort 舒适,安慰。根据上文可知作者停止了哭泣,由此可推断出作者的父母看到作者不哭了,松了一口气, a sigh of relief 意为 “ 松了一口气 ” ,符合句意。故选 C 项。
15 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:从那时起我们建立了深厚的友谊。 A . friendship 友谊; B . education 教育; C . careers 职业; D . hobbies 业余爱好。根据上文 “The girl was Helen, and soon we were best friends” 可知,我们是最好的朋友,所以我们之间应该是建立了深厚的友谊。故选 A 项。
请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填1个单词。
Feeling extreme loneliness can increase an older person’s risk of premature (过早的)death by 14 percent, according to research by John Cacioppo, professor of psychology at the University of Chicago.
Cacioppo and his colleagues’ work shows that the impact of loneliness on premature death is nearly as strong as the impact of disadvantaged socioeconomic status, which they found increases the chances of dying early by 19 percent. A 2010 meta﹣analysis showed that loneliness has twice as much impact on early death as obesity does, he said.
The researchers looked at dramatic differences in the rate of decline in physical and mental health as people aged. Cacioppo and his colleagues have examined the role of satisfying relationships on older people to develop their resilience ([rɪˈzɪliəns] 快速恢复的能力;适应力), the ability to feel better quickly after something unpleasant, and grow from stresses in life.
The consequences for health are dramatic, as feeling isolated or separated from others can disturb sleep, elevate blood pressure, increase morning rises in the stress hormone cortisol ([‘kɔ:tɪsɒl] 皮质醇), change the gene expression in immune cells, increase depression and lower overall subjective well﹣being, Cacioppo pointed out in a talk, “ Rewarding Social Connections Promote Successful Aging.”
Cacioppo, one of the nation’s leading experts on loneliness, said older people can avoid the consequences of loneliness by staying in touch with former co﹣workers, taking part in family traditions, and sharing good times with family and friends ﹣ all of which give older adults a chance to connect with others about whom they care and who care about them.
”Retiring to Florida to live in a warmer climate among strangers isn’t necessarily a good idea if it means you are disconnected from the people who mean much to you,” said Cacioppo. Population changes make understanding the role of loneliness and health all the more important,he explained. “People have to think about how to protect themselves from depression, low subjective well﹣being and early death. “
Although some people are happy to be alone, most people develop from social situations in which they provide mutual support and establish a strong bond. Evolution encourages people to work together to survive and accordingly most people enjoy companionship compared to be alone.
It is not solitude (独处)or physical isolation itself, but rather the subjective sense of isolation that Cacioppo’s work shows to be so destructive. Older people living alone are not necessarily lonely if they remain actively engaged in social life and enjoy the company of those around them. Some aspects of aging, such as blindness and loss of hearing, however, place people at special risk of becoming isolated and lonely, he said.
Passage outline | Supporting details |
The main idea | Chances are that older people will die early if they feel extremely 51.. |
52. with loneliness | • Like disadvantaged socioeconomic status and obesity, loneliness can 53. old men’s premature death. • When 54. from others, one will find physical health impacted and tend to feel depressive and unhappy. |
Suggestions | • Keep in touch with others and take part in 55. activities. • Choosing to live in a pleasant climate don’t necessarily make sense if the elder are disconnected from people who are 56. to them. • Think about how to57. depression, low subjective well﹣being and early death. • Work together with others to 58., to gain mutual support and establish a strong bond. |
Conclusions | • The sense of isolation, rather than solitude or physical isolation itself, isn’t 59.to elders. • Living alone doesn’t mean loneliness if older people live an 60. social life. |