The Secure Child

By Stanley Greenspan, M. D．

Publisher: Da Capo Press & Reprint Press

Print list price: £5.99

Kindle price: £ 2.99, save £3.00

In this book, Dr. Stanley Greenspan offers a set of guiding principles to help parents of children —from preschoolers to teenagers — so that they feel secure in their homes, their schools, and in the society at large.

Building Healthy Minds

By Stanley Greenspan, M. D．& Nancy Lewis

Publisher： Da Capo Press

Print list price： £ 7.99

Kindle price： £ 4. 49, save £ 3.50

The book applies Dr. Greenspan' s developmental theories to a child' s everyday life 一 with practical, delightful observations and advice. Every parent wants to raise a bright, happy, and moral child, but until Stanley Greenspan did much research on the building blocks of such qualities, no one could show parents how and when these qualities begin.

The Learning Tree

By Stanley Greenspan, M. D．& Nancy Thorndike Greenspan

Publisher： Da Capo Press

Print list price： £ 11.99

Kindle price: £ 7. 99, save £ 4.00

Using the metaphor（隐喻）of a tree, Dr. Stanley Greenspan explains that the roots represent how children take in the world through what they hear, see, smell, and touch. The trunk represents thinking skills through which children grow both academically and socially. The branches represent children's basic abilities to read, write, do math, and organize their work.

The Challenging Child

By Stanley Greenspan, M. D．& Jacqueline Salmon

Publisher: Da Capo Press

Print list price： £ 5.99

Kindle price： £ 4.24, save £ 1.75

Most children fall into five basic types that come from inborn physical characteristics: the sensitive child, the self-absorbed child, the defiant （反叛的）child, the inattentive child, and the aggressive child. Stanley Greenspan, M. D．is the first to show parents how to match their parenting to the challenges of their particular child.

1．Which book saves most on its Kindle edition?

A．The Secure Child                                       B．Building Healthy Minds

C．The Learning Tree                                      D．The Challenging Child

2．What common theme do the four books carry?

A．The types of children.                                B．Children's learning abilities.

C．Advice on educating children.                     D．Children's moral development.

3．What can we know about Stanley Greenspan?

A．He wrote the four books on his own.

B．He’s the first to study children's types.

C．He has been working hard in Da Capo Press’

D．He based Building Healthy Minds on his study.

  A native of Florida, U. S. , Hannah Herbst, 17, uses water power to deal with energy poverty. Herbst has risen to fame with the development of BEACON, an ocean energy probe that seeks to offer a stable power source to developing countries by using untapped energy from ocean currents.

She told Teen Vogue , " I was really involved in theater and athletics and I'm still really into those things. When I was in the seventh grade, I was put into a summer camp. The minute I got there I realized that I was the only girl in the program. I wanted to quit at that moment. But my dad told me, ' Just try it. '  I tried it for that day and it changed my life. ”

“At the camp, we started building the robots, which is something I had never done before but many of the boys had, and I realized it was a platform for problem-solving. We were solving simple tasks like how to push a robot off a platform. Learning from my partners as well as online articles about how to program and build was really interesting to me," said Herbst.

Later that year, she received a letter from her pen pal, Ruth, who lives in Ethiopia, and learned that she was living in energy poverty with minimal access to electricity and medical supplies. " I knew that I wanted to do something to help, so I created BEACON, she said.

The device is made from 90% recycled materials easily found throughout the world, including 2-liter bottles and recycled spoons. It costs $ 12 to make and can produce enough electricity to power an LED light. Hannah imagines BEACON being used in developing countries to power pumps for fresh water and she is working on polishing it to get it available to people all over the world.

4．What advice does Herbst most likely give to teens by her camp experience?

A．Quilting to gain more.

B．Giving something a go.

C．Developing various interests.

D．Avoiding favorable conditions

5．What kind of summer camp did Herbst join in the seventh grade?

A．Athletic.                                                   B．Literature.

C．Theater.                                                    D．Engineering.

6．Which words can best describe Hannah Herbst?

A．Energetic and kind.                                    B．Helpful and creative.

C．Generous and modest.                                D．Careful and adventurous.

7．What can we know about BEACON?

A．It is a powerful LED light.

B．It's made without any cost.

C．Its materials are accessible.

D．It has been put on the market.

  Chinese social media apps have struggled to win over users beyond their home. TikTok is changing that. In the space of just two years, the app has attracted more than half a billion users — around 40% of them outside China --who share short videos of themselves singing, cooking, dancing or just being silly.

Created by the Beijing-based Internet technology company Byte Dance, TikTok has gained an international edge over China's influential social media platforms, such as Tencent's WeChat, Sina Weibo (WB) and Youku of Alibaba (BABA).

What makes Byte Dance better is its right direction and achievement in the social media category, which is largely controlled by Facebook ( FB) , Twitter and Snap 一 all Western companies, said Randy Nelson _, head of Mobile Insights at analytics firm Sensor Tower. Social video apps reached new levels of popularity this year. Three of them are in the top 10 most downloaded apps worldwide, according to Sensor Tower. Byte Dance owns two of the three: Vigo Video and TikTok. The other is Instagram, which belongs to Facebook.

Byte Dance calls itself an artificial intelligence company. It uses machine learning   and algorithms to figure out what people like and give them more of what they want to see. the company is best known in China for the popular news app Toutiao, which was put into use in 2012. People got hooked on the app' s customized news feeds quickly. Toutiao now has more than 240 million monthly active users that spend on average 74 minutes per day on the platform.

Byte Dance' s success is attracting big investors. It's reportedly in talks with technology kingmaker SoftBank ( SFTBY) about an investment that would value it at around $75 billion, a huge jump from the $ 20 billion valuation it secured last year. That would make Byte Dance one of the world’s most valuable companies alongside Uber.

8．What can be learnt about TikTok?

A．It has appealed to many foreign users.

B．It's the most popular Chinese app abroad.

C．It's the most successful app of Byte Dance.

D．It allows users to share whatever they like on it.

9．What sets Byte Dance apart from other Internet technology companies overseas?

A．Support from its investors.                         B．Success in social video apps.

C．Greater diversity in contents.                       D．AI technology applied to apps.

10．Which of the following can replace the underlined words "got hooked on” in Paragraph 4?

A．were tired of                                             B．were trapped in.

C．were familiar with                                     D．were attracted by

11．What is the main idea of the text?

A．Tik Tok has beaten other social media apps.

B．China's social media apps are successful globally.

C．Social video apps win popularity around the world.

D．Byte Dance is taking the social media world by storm.

When a friend comes to you after a stressful day, how do you comfort them? Do you let them complain? Do you pour them a glass of wine? Those could work. But a new study finds that a very effective technique is also simple and easy — hugging.

Michael Murphy is a psychology expert at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. He wanted to know if people who received hugs regularly could handle stress and conflict belief. " Individuals who report perceiving the availability of a network of supportive individuals lead to show better adaptation when faced with stress. But your just having a support network does not mean that you definitely feel that support, he said. "So some researchers have argued that many of the behaviors we use to support others who are stressed might actually be counterproductive, because  behaviors might unintentionally communicate to others that they're not able to manage stress."  he added.

Murphy and his team interviewed 404 men and women every evening for two weeks. During these interviews, the participants were asked a simple yes — or — no question — whether somebody had hugged them that day — and a simple yes or no question of whether they had experienced conflict or tension with somebody that day.

They also were asked questions about their social interactions — how many social，interactions they had that day and responded to questions about negative and positive mood states . And the researchers found that individuals who experienced a conflict were not as negatively affected if they received a hug that day as were participants who experienced conflict and didn't get a hug. Murphy and his team also saw that people who received a hug didn't carry the negative effect to the next day, while those who did not receive a hug would. The findings are in the journal PLOS ONE.

Murphy does include this warning: "So our findings should not be taken as evidence that people should just start hugging anyone and everyone who seems distressed. A hug from one boss at work or a stranger on the street could be viewed as neither agreeable nor positive. " The idea is to relieve stress. Not add to it.

12．What does the first paragraph serve as?

A．A lead-in                                                  B．A background

C．An argument                                             D．A summary.

13．Why did the researchers interview those people?

A．To test the influence of hugging.

B．To find out causes of their conflicts.

C．To ask for advice on relieving stress.

D．To seek ways to comfort troubled people.

14．What do Murphy's words warn in the end?

A．The interview results prove their findings.

B．A boss should comfort workers by hugging.

C．There are some limitations of their findings.

D．People should hug others regularly and actively.

15．Which can be the best title for the text?

A．Everyone Needs Hugs                                B．A Hug Could Do Anything

C．How to Comfort Your Friends                     D．Hugs Seem to Reduce Stress

Tips for Writing a Great Speech

How to write a strong speech? There are a lot of different ways to answer that question. 16．

Read your speech out loud.

Unlike almost all other forms of writing, speech-writing is designed for listeners. So, when reviewing your text, read it to yourself and pay attention to how the words sound and feel. 17． If your phrases make you stumble （结巴）,they are guaranteed to make your boss stumble as well. Just remember that good writing is not necessarily good speech-writing.

Simple phrases are your friends.

Keep your sentences short and sweet. Compound phrases with multiple clauses may look great on paper, but are likely to confuse your audience and decrease the effectiveness of your speech. Limit yourself to one or two ideas per sentence. 18．

Do your research.

Before beginning a speech, make sure to familiarize yourself with the subject. 19． The creative aspects of speech-writing are only effective when backed by a strong foundation of knowledge by the speaker. The audience must trust your words in order for their meaning to sink in. If you' re well-prepared, it will show.

20．

Your listeners should be a strong determining factor of the content, tone and style of your speech. Before drafting remarks, think about who you' re speaking to, the place you' re speaking at and the timing of your speech. There's a time and a place for every type of remarks. It's your job to figure out when and where you are.

A．Know your audience.

B．Show respect to your listeners.

C．Express them as clearly and powerfully as possible.

D．Thus, you can write about it with confidence and authority.

E.Do they slip off the tongue or are they clumsy and awkward?

F.Different writers are most likely to adopt diverse approaches to speech-writing.

G.Here are rules that all writers should follow in order to write a winning speech.