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浙江省2020-2021学年高二上学期(12月)第二次月考英语试卷含解析
浙江省2020-2021学年高二上学期(12月)第二次月考英语试卷含解析
高中
整体难度:中等
2022-01-12
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一、阅读理解 (共4题)
添加该题型下试题
1.

A simple gesture can be formed into a child’s memory so quickly that it will cause the child to give a false answer to a question accompanied by that gesture. A new finding suggests that parents, social workers, psychologists and lawyers should be careful with their hands as well as their words.

While memories of both adults and children are easy to react to suggestion, those of children are known to be particularly influenced, said lead researcher Sara Broaders of Northwestern University. Kids are used to looking to adults to tell events for them and can be misled even if not intentionally.

Previous research, for example, has shown that detail-loaded questions often cause false answers; when asked, say “Did you drink juice at the picnic?” the child is likely to say “yes” even if no juice had been available. It is not that the child is consciously lying, but rather the detail is quickly formed into his or her memory.

To avoid this problem, social workers have long been advised to ask children only open-ended questions, such as “What did you have at the picnic?” But an open-ended question paired with a gesture, briefly meaning a juice box, is treated like a detailed question. That is children become likely to answer falsely.

And it isn’t just a few kids: 77% of children gave at least one piece of false information when a detail was suggested by an ordinary gesture. Gestures may also become more popular when talking with non-fluent language users, such as little kids, Broaders said as hand movements can impart meaning of unfamiliar words and phrases. “It certainly seems reasonable that adults would gesture more with children.’’

In general, Broaders advises parents and other adults to “try to be aware of your hands when questioning a child about an event. Otherwise, you might be getting answers that don’t reflect what actually happened.’’

1 What can we know about gestures from the text?

A They are rarely used by people. B They have certain effect on children.

C They have not any function at all. D They are often used by social workers.

2 Why are kids easy to be misled by gestures according to Sara Broaders?

A Children are easy to tell lies. B These gestures are very attractive.

C Their memories are affected easily. D These gestures are used frequently.

3 Which may cause a wrong reply according to the text?

A Where are you going Lucy?

B What will you have for lunch?

C Did you see anything else last night?

D Did you cheat in the last English examination?

难度:
知识点:科普知识与现代技术
使用次数:211
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【答案】

1 B

2 C

3 D

【分析】

本文是说明文,主要介绍父母和其他人的手势对孩子的影响。专家建议父母和其他成年人在向孩子询问某件事时,尽量注意自己的手势。

1

细节理解题。根据第一段 “A simple gesture can be formed into a child’s memory so quickly that it will cause the child to give a false answer to a question accompanied by that gesture. ” (一个简单的手势可以很快地形成孩子的记忆,以至于伴随这个手势,孩子会对一个问题做出错误的回答。)和第二段 “While memories of both adults and children are easy to react to suggestion, those of children are known to be particularly influenced, said lead researcher Sara Broaders of Northwestern University.” (西北大学的首席研究员萨拉 · 布罗德斯说,成年人和儿童的记忆都很容易受到暗示的影响,但儿童的记忆尤其容易受到影响。)可知,手势对孩子有特定的影响,选项 B 与文意相符,故选 B 项。

2

细节理解题。通读全文,并结合第二段中 “While memories of both adults and children are easy to react to suggestion those of children are known to be particularly influenced” (成年人和儿童的记忆都容易对暗示做出反应,而儿童的记忆尤其容易受到影响。 )可知,孩子容易受手势影响的原因是孩子的记忆容易被影响。选项 C 与文意相符,故选 C 项。

3

推理判断题。根据第三段 “Previous research, for example, has shown that detail-loaded questions often cause false answers; when asked, say “Did you drink juice at the picnic?” the child is likely to say “yes” even if no juice had been available. It is not that the child is consciously lying, but rather the detail is quickly formed into his or her memory.” (例如,以前的研究表明,详细的问题往往会导致错误的答案:当被问到 你在野餐时喝果汁了吗 ?” 即使没有果汁,孩子也很可能会说 。这并不是说孩子有意识地撒谎,而是细节很快就形成了他或她的记忆。)可知,研究表明,过多的细节问题往往会导致错误的答案。比较四个选型, D 选项为 “detail-loaded questions” ,其他三项为 “open-ended questions” 。所以选项 D 问的最细节,会导致错误答案。故选 D 项。

2.

Bangladesh's floating gardens, built to grow food during flood seasons, could offer a continuous solution for parts of the world which are likely to suffer from flooding because of climate change, a new study has found.

Bangladesh's floating gardens began hundreds of years ago. The gardens are made from native plants that float in the rivers and operate almost like rafts ( ), rising and filling with the waters. Historically, they were used to continue growing food during rainy seasons when rivers were filled with water.

The farmers layer the plants about three feet deep, creating a version of raised-bed gardens that float in the water. Then, they plant vegetables inside those rafts. As the raft-plants rot away, they release nutrients, which help feed the vegetable plants.

But as climate change affected the volume of water in those rivers, the researchers wanted to understand whether Bangladesh's floating gardens could be a continuous farming practice. They interviewed farming families and found strong evidence that floating gardens provide stability, both in the amount of food available to feed rural populations and in a farming family's income.

They found that farmers typically use hybrid ( 杂交 ) seeds, which must be repurchased each year, to grow a diverse range of vegetables in the floating gardens. The gardens are also sensitive to pests, so farmers end up spending some money on both pesticides and fertilizers. But even with those expenses, they found, benefits outweighed costs. One farmer told the research team that he earns up to four times as much money from the gardens as from traditional rice fields.

However, before gaining profits, farmers often take out high-interest loans ( 贷款 ) to cover the investment costs of filling the beds and stocking them with plants. Luckily; there are also lower-interest loans from responsible government or non-governmental organizations, which could ease that burden.

1 How do vegetable plants grow according to the text?

A By absorbing nutrition from raft-plants. B By taking shelter from climate change.

C By living together with hybrid seeds. D By moving up and down with raised beds.

2 What does the underlined word “outweighed” in paragraph 5 mean?

A Affected. B Brought. C Beat. D Equaled.

3 What can be inferred from the text?

A A solution to climate problem has been found.

B The gardens are built with rotted native plants.

C Farmers earn more from traditional rice fields.

D Low-interest loans lighten the stress of farmers.

难度:
知识点:科普知识与现代技术
使用次数:236
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【答案】

1 A

2 C

3 D

【分析】

这是一篇说明文,主要介绍了孟加拉国为在汛期种植粮食而建造的浮动花园。

1

细节理解题。根据第三段中 “they plant vegetables inside those rafts. As the raft-plants rot away, they release nutrients, which help feed the vegetable plants.” (他们在木筏里种蔬菜。当木筏植物腐烂时,它们会释放营养物质,帮助植物生长。 )可知,蔬菜植物是吸收木筏植物的营养生长的。选项 A 与文意相符,故选 A 项。

2

词句猜测题。根据划线词下文 “One farmer told the research team that he earns up to four times as much money from the gardens as from traditional rice fields.” (一位农民告诉研究小组,他从菜园中赚到的钱是从传统稻田中赚到的钱的四倍)可知,此处想表达的是即使农民最终会在杀虫剂和肥料上花一些钱,但是收益也会大于成本。故 outweighed 意为 大于 。选项 C 符合题意,故选 C 项。

3

推理判断题。通过文章最后一段 “However, before gaining profits, farmers often take out high-interest loans ( 贷款 ) to cover the investment costs of filling the beds and stocking them with plants. Luckily; there are also lower-interest loans from responsible government or non-governmental organizations, which could ease that burden.” (然而,在获得利润之前,农民往往会获得高息贷款 ( 贷款 ) 以支付填充床和储存植物的投资成本。幸运的是;负责任的政府或非政府组织也提供低息贷款,可以减轻这种负担。)可推知,作者想表达负责任的政府或非政府组织提供低息贷款,减轻了农民的压力。选项 D 与文意相符,故选 D 项。

3.

In WALL-E , a science fiction movie, a little robot is responsible for cleaning a world covered in garbage; a world where there is no longer room for anything else, not even humans! The film encourages common people, worldwide leaders and businessmen to ask the obvious question: What can be done to prevent something like this happening? For some, microfactories could become the most promising answer.

Veena Sahajwalla, a materials scientist and engineer in Sydney, Australia, has discovered a solution to the challenging waste problem. Her one-stop approach could go beyond the existing recycling processes. Her invention, waste microfactories, mainly targets electronic waste and plastic. It can transform waste into new materials with the help of thermal ( 热工 ) technology.

“Using our green manufacturing ( 制造 ) technologies, these microfactories can transform waste where it is largely reserved and created, enabling local businesses and communities to not only deal with local waste problems, but to develop a commercial opportunity from the valuable materials that are created, she explains.

And the way these modular ( 模块化 ) microfactories work is fascinating too. Firstly, no more than 50 square meters are needed to operate them, so they can be located anywhere, reducing journeys between manufacturing plants and recycling processors.

In the first module, the thrown-away computers, mobile phones and printers are broken down. Next, in another module, a special robot is responsible for identifying useful parts. Once this process is completed, a third stage involves transforming those pieces into valuable materials using controlled heat.

Although the most effective solution to address the waste challenges would be not to create as much trash, Sahajwalla microfactories provide hope for all the waste that already exists. Her solution not only decreases the amount of waste, but it also improves its management and enables new manufacturing opportunities around the new materials created.

1 Why is WALL-E mentioned?

A To introduce the main topic.

B To advertise the science fiction movie.

C To show the strength of technology.

D To promote the convenience of robots.

2 What do Veena Sahajwalla's words suggest?

A The technology is an inspiration from a movie.

B The technology deals with waste in small quantities.

C The technology benefits both the environment and investors.

D The technology is mainly of commercial value.

3 Why is controlled heat used in the process?

A To break down thrown-away electronics.

B To transform electronic waste into valuable materials.

C To identify useful parts in the thrown-away electronics.

D To reduce journeys between manufacturing plants and recycling processors.

4 What's the author's attitude to Sahajwalla's microfactories?

A Disapproving. B Skeptical.

C Supportive. D Objective.

难度:
知识点:科普知识与现代技术
使用次数:176
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【答案】

1 A

2 C

3 B

4 C

【分析】

本文是一篇说明文。澳大利亚的科学家发现通过微型工厂可以把垃圾变废为宝。

1

推理判断题。第一段开始提到 WALL-E , a science fiction movie” ,之后提到 “For some, microfactories could become the most promising answer.” (对一些人来说,微型工厂可能成为最有希望的解决方案)判断可知,提到它的目的是为导入主题作铺垫。故选 A

2

推理判断题。根据第三段的 “Using our green manufacturing ( 制造 ) technologies, these microfactories can transform waste where it is largely reserved and created, enabling local businesses and communities to not only deal with local waste problems, but to develop a commercial opportunity from the valuable materials that are created” (利用我们的绿色制造技术,这些微型工厂可以转化大量储存和产生的废物,使当地企业和社区不仅可以处理当地的废物问题,而且可以从产生的宝贵材料中开发商机)可知,这项技术有利于环境和投资者。故选 C

3

细节理解题。根据第五段中的 “Once this process is completed, a third stage involves transforming those pieces into valuable materials using controlled heat.” ( 一旦这一过程完成,第三个阶段是利用可控的热量将这些材料转化为有价值的材料)可知,贵重材料通过控制热获得。故选 B

4

推理判断题。根据最后一段的 “Her solution not only decreases the amount of waste, but it also improves its management and enables new manufacturing opportunities around the new materials created” (她的解决方案不仅减少了浪费,还改善了管理,并围绕新材料创造了新的制造机会)可知,作者对萨哈瓦拉微型工厂持赞成的态度。故选 C

4.

How to stop life getting you down

There’s a saying— “If you and everyone else threw your problems onto the pile, you’d take yours back immediately once you saw everyone else’s”. 1 Others are probably dealing with their own problems just like you. So when things start to get you down, how can you pick yourself back up?

2 If you’re struggling or feeling down, always remember that you don’t have to be alone. You don’t need to be on your own, either. 3 If you don’t feel able to talk to friends or family, you’ll find support groups that can provide you with ideas or at least listen to you. You’ll also find support groups that can provide you with ideas or at least listen to you. You’ll also find that online forums( 论坛 ) and social media sites can provide opportunities to connect and ask for help.

Try out a new hobby. Hobbies don’t just fill time; they also help to give you a sense of purpose. Try out a new sport, learn to dance or perhaps join a chess club. Many hobbies also provide opportunities for social interaction. 4

Try to appreciate the little things. Those that have bounced back from a serious illness often state that they’ve been given a new chance of life and that they wake up each morning feeling grateful for just being able to wake up. 5 Go out for dinner and make efforts to truly appreciate your meal or lie back on your bed, surrounded by total silence, and simply focus on how it feels to breathe and to relax. If you can’t focus on the silence, you can instead choose background noise.

A Reach out.

B Turn to your friends or family.

C Bad experiences are part of life for us all.

D Friends will be happy to help and make you joyful.

E.Enjoy the beauty of a flower or a simple sunny day.

F.Talking and making new friends will raise your spirits.

G.A new attitude to ordinary life can make you feel more positive.

难度:
知识点:疑问句 反义疑问句
使用次数:182
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【答案】

1 C

2 A

3 B

4 F

5 G

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。文章对如何停止生活中的沮丧提供了几个方法。

1

根据前文 “If you and everyone else threw your problems onto the pile, you’d take yours back immediately once you saw everyone else’s” (如果你和其他所有人都把自己的问题堆在一起,当你看到其他人的问题时,你会立即收回你的问题)可知,此处是讲生活中的问题不应该堆在一起,所以选项 C (糟糕的经历是我们生活的一部分。)切合文意。故选 C

2

根据后文 “If you’re struggling or feeling down, always remember that you don’t have to be alone. You don’t need to be on your own, either.” (如果你正在挣扎或感到沮丧,永远记住,你不必孤独。你也不需要孤身一人。)可知,当遇到困难时,你可以寻求帮助。所以选项 A (寻求帮助。)切合文意。故选 A

3

根据后文 “If you don’t feel able to talk to friends or family, you’ll find support groups that can provide you with ideas or at least listen to you.” (如果你觉得不能和朋友或家人交谈,你会发现支持团体可以给你提供想法或至少倾听你。)可知,此处是指向朋友或家人求助。所以选项 B (向朋友或家人求助)切合文意。故选 B

4

根据前文 “Many hobbies also provide opportunities for social interaction.” (许多爱好也提供了社会交往的机会。)可知,此处是讲通过社交机会交到新朋友,和人们交谈,所以选项 F (交谈和结交新朋友会让你精神振奋。)切合文意。故选 F

5

根据前文 “Those that have bounced back from a serious illness often state that they’ve been given a new chance of life and that they wake up each morning feeling grateful for just being able to wake up.” (那些从严重疾病中恢复过来的人通常会说,他们得到了一个新的生活机会,每天早上醒来时都心怀感激,因为他们能够一觉醒来。)可知,此处是指用一个新的态度对待平常的生活会更加积极,所以选项 G (对平凡生活的新态度可以让你感到更加积极。)切合文意。故选 G

二、完成句子 (共12题)
添加该题型下试题
1.

Researchers insisted that dangers_______(alleviate) by taking measures constantly. ( 所给词的适当形式填空 )

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使用次数:146
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【答案】

(should) be alleviated

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意:研究人员坚持认为通过不断采取措施来减轻危险。 insist“ 坚持 ,为动词,其后的宾语从句要用 “should+ 动词原形 的虚拟语气, should 可以省略;结合本句分析, that 之后的内容为动词 insist 的宾语从句,从句主语 dangers 与动词 alleviate 为动宾关系,所以空白处要用被动语态。所以填( should be alleviated 。故填 ( should be alleviated

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