_________ I _________ yesterday’s nucleic acid test, I _________ from traveling.
A . Had; taken; wouldn’t have been restricted B . Have; taken; wouldn’t be restricted
C . Did; take; wouldn’t be restricted D . Do; took; wouldn’t have been restricted.
A
【详解】考查虚拟语气用法。句意:如果昨天做了核酸检测,我就不会被限制出行了。分析句子结构以及句意可知,该句为 if 引导的虚拟语气句型,结合时间状语 yesterday 可知,是对过去事实相反的虚拟语气,因此条件状语从句原句应为 “If I had taken yesterday’s nucleic acid test” ,又因从句中有助动词 had ,可以省略连词 if ,将助动词 had 置于句首,改为 “Had I taken yesterday’s nucleic acid test” ,同时,主句中用 “ 情态动词 + 现在完成时 ” 。故选 A 项。
— Come and join us, Ben!
— I’m afraid I can’t. I’m too busy now. If I time, I would certainly go.
A . had B . will have C . have had D . have
A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意: —— 来加入我们吧,本 !—— 恐怕不行。我现在太忙了。如果我有时间,我一定去。结合空后 “I would certainly go.” 可知,此处使用了 if 条件句的虚拟语气,表示与现在事实相反,其结构为: If+ 主语 + 动词的过去式 (be 动词用 were)+ 其它,主语 +would/could…+ 动词原形 + 其它;由此可知,空处需用动词的一般过去时。故选 A 。
Scientists all agree that if he had actually touched the key, he _______ from the electric shock.
A . must have died B . should die C . would have died D . has been dead
C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:科学家们一致认为,如果他真的碰了钥匙,他就会死于电击。结合上文 if he had actually touched the key 可知与过去事实相反:主句用 would (should, could, might) +have+ 过去分词,从句用过去完成时。故选 C 。
With the deadline drawing near, I am getting more and more anxious about the final exam. I started to review my lessons several days in advance, I wouldn't have burned the midnight oil last night.
A . If B . Had C . Should D . Were
B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:随着最后期限的临近,我越来越担心期末考试。如果我提前几天开始复习功课,我昨天晚上就不会熬夜了。分析句意可知,如果我提前几天开始复习的话,昨晚就不会熬夜了,事实上 “ 我 ” 并没有提前几天开始复习,属于虚拟语气。根据句中 “started to review my lessons several days in advance” 以及后面的 “I wouldn't have burned the midnight oil last night.” 可知,此处是对过去情况的虚拟,故从句谓语结构应用过去完成时 had done 。此外, If 型虚拟语气中, if 从句中如果含有 were 、 had 、 should 等词时, if 可以省略,但省略 if 后需把 were 、 had 、 should 等词提到主语前,变为倒装句式。结合题干和选项可知,此处考查的正是 if 型虚拟语气的省略与倒装,设空处应用 Had 。故选 B 项。
______Tom hadn’t hurt his foot, he would won the race.
A . If B . Since C . Though D . When
A
【详解】考查状语从句和虚拟语气。句意:如果汤姆没有摔到他的脚,他会赢得比赛。由题意可知,此处应用 if 引导非真实条件句,表示与过去事实相反的一种假设; since 表示原因或时间; though 表示让步; when 表示时间,都不符合句意。故选 A 。
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