Most people pay attention to body language. They shake hands and make eye contact when they meet people for the first time. Among very good friends, a woman may give another woman a little hug, and a man may kiss a woman quickly on the cheek.

When people are waiting in a public place, such as the post office, they usually form lines. Some people get angry and complain if someone pushes their way into a line or jumps ahead of other people. Moreover, many women like men to open doors for them. They also like men to give up their seats on public transportation. However, some women do not like this type of behavior. They feel that men and women should be treated in the same way.

In the United States, it’s important to make direct eye contact in business and social situations. If you don’t make eye contact, people will probably think that you are bored or not interested. If there is silence in these situations, people usually try to make conservation. Periods of silence make many people uncomfortable. People in the United States usually stand about one arm’s length away from each other while talking or standing together. This space is called “the comfort zone”.

In the United States, mothers sometimes show that they are angry with children by shaking an index finger at them. People may show that they like children by patting them on the top of the head.

21. Some women don’t like to be offered a seat by men because _______.

  A. they like to be treated equally            B. they prefer to stand rather than sit

C. they think sitting is harmful for health.     D. they don’t need men’s favor

22. The third paragraph is mainly about________.

  A. body language in public places          B. impolite body language

C. the comfort zone                     D. body language in business and social life

23. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

  A. It’s rude to cut in a line in the United States.

B. Eye contact plays an important role in social communication.

C. In business situations, standing too close makes Americans comfortable.

D. In social situations, frequent silence makes people uncomfortable.

Evening Classes for the Autumn Term

24. How is Discovering Our City’s History different from the other courses?

   A. It lasts the shortest time.               B. It’s a course for beginners.

   C. It is given twice a week.                 D. It requires experience.

25. What do we know about the course Car Repairs?

   A. It gives a certificate for successful students.   B. It helps grasp good skills of repairing cars.

   C. It is free of charge for all the students.    D. It can help make savings on car repairs.      

26. What information can we get from the text？

   A. Any beginners can learn Spanish.       B. Successful students can learn French.

   C. Teachers will give classes online.     D. Most courses are given in the evening.

27. Where might the text come from?

   A. A travel guide.    B. A newspaper.        C. A personal diary.    D. A textbook.

When you look at your meals, some ingredients (原料) are easy to see. But your meals are also filled with ingredients you can’t see.

Salt is a perfect example of an ingredient that you might not notice, even when you eat a lot of it. But it’s the salt we can’t see that concerns scientists most. For years, doctors have warned patients that too much salt can be bad for their health. Heart trouble has long been considered a grown-up problem. New research suggests that salt is starting to affect kids. And salt isn’t the only cause of high blood pressure. Eating lots of junk food, weighing too much and exercising too little also contribute to high blood pressure.

As part of the studies, hundreds of adults ate exactly what researchers told them to. These studies lasted for months at a time. The results showed a large drop in blood pressure in people who ate extra fruits and vegetables, lots of whole grains, low-fat dairy products (奶制品) and only small amounts of red meat. Eating well, the researchers concluded, is good for your heart. What’s more, studies from around the world show that high blood pressure and heart disease rates are lowest in the places where people eat the least amount of salt and lots of vegetables.

The best way to reduce the amount of salt you take, researchers say, is to make changes gradually. Start by dropping half as much salt in your dinner as you normally do. Switch to fresh foods instead of canned and bottled ones. “Kids today need to give salt the shake,” says David Grotto, a doctor in Chicago, “in order to keep healthy.”

28. It can be concluded from the first two paragraphs that 　    　.

   A. meals are filled with lots of healthy ingredients. 

B. some hidden ingredients affect people’s health.

   C. eating too much salt leads to overweight.      

D. children eat more salt than adults do.

29. According to the third paragraph, the studies examined the relationship between　    　.

   A. eating and diseases                     B. heart trouble and age

   C. salt and the daily life                   D. blood pressure and health    

30. How can people avoid suffering heart disease?

   A. By taking more exercise.                B. By stopping eating salt at times.  

   C. By losing weight at an early age.       D. By eating healthily.

31. What is the purpose of the passage?

   A. To encourage people to take more exercise. B. To give advice on how to cook healthy food.

   C. To persuade people to take less salt.      D. To show the results of the studies.

    Texting（发短信）walkers aren't just an annoyance to other walkers, Australian researchers armed with movie special-effects technology have determined scientifically that they're threats to themselves. Using motion-capture technology similar to that used for films, researchers concluded that texting while walking not only affects balance but also the ability to walk in straight line.

    “Some people like checking emails while walking to work in the morning” said the study co-author Hoorn, “but they may not know it has a serious effect on the safety of themselves”. Other facts have also proved this. A tourist from Taiwan walked off a pier near Melbourne last month while checking Facebook, bringing a sudden and icy end to a penguin-watching visit. Another person who was too wrapped up in his phone to notice dangers walked straight into the fountain in front of a shopping mall.

    The Australian study involved 27 volunteers, a third of whom admitted having knocked into objects while texting. They were asked to walk 8.5 meters three times—once without phones, once while reading text and once while writing text, when eight cameras recorded their actions.

    They found the volunteers using the phone walked slower, and, more seriously, they locked their arms and elbows in like “robots”, which forced their heads to move more, throwing themselves off balance. “In a pedestrian（步行的）environment, inability to maintain a straight path would be likely to increase potential for traffic accidents”, said Mr. Hoorn. “The best thing to do is to step aside and stop, or keep off the phone.”

    Authorities world-wide have taken note. Signs on Hong Kong's subway system advise passengers in three languages to keep their eyes off their phones. Police and transport authorities have highlighted the danger in Singapore, where the Straits Times newspaper recently declared cellphone-distracted road crossing as “bad habit No. 2” contributing to the rising number of road deaths. Some U.S. states, including New York and Arkansas, are considering bans on what they're calling phone jaywalking(走路不遵守交通规则).

32. According to the passage, people texting while walking usually____________.

A. put themselves in danger            B. do harm to their eyes

C. do not influence other walkers        D. can still walk straight

33. Which of the following words has the closest meaning to “wrapped up” in Paragraph 2?

A. absent-minded       B. annoyed       C. absorbed        D. confused

34. The two examples in Paragraph 2 are given in order to __________.

   A. prove texting walkers are threats to others  

B. show texting walkers may harm themselves

C. analyze the causes of the danger          

D. amuse the readers

35. About the Australian study, we know that___________.

A. texting walkers are exposed to greater possibility of traffic accidents

B. ten volunteers admitted having bumped into things while texting

C. the volunteers were divided into three groups during the study

D. the volunteers using phones while walking moved normally

For a teacher, the first and most basic duty is to see the beauty that exists within every student. Every child is precious.   36   It is an outgrowth of students feeling loved and respected.

Love your students.

Your students know how you feel about them. If you don’t like them or if you see them as a problem, they know it.   37   And then your students will be angry with you, for you fail to see the beauty that exists within them. Maya Angelou said, “I’ve learned that people will forget what you said and people will forget what you did, but people will never forget how you made them feel.”

Tell your students who you are and why you are there.

  38   To build that trust, tell your students who you are and why you chose to be a teacher. Tell them about your background, what you did when you were their age and why you want to be their teacher. The more your students know about you and your intentions, the more they will trust you to lead them.

Have a plan.

  39   You need to begin each day with clarity about what students should know and be able to learn at the end of the class period. And every second of your day should be purposely moving you toward that end.

  40 

Establishing the proper environment for cooperative learning is very important. It will be ideal for you to encourage the students to construct their own classroom management contract. They will feel more responsible for their actions and have a positive attitude towards their classmates and teachers.

A. Encourage cooperative learning.

B. Your lesson plans need to be clear.

C. Even if you don’t say it, they will know it.

D. Students will learn important life skills by working together.

E. When you start from this point, classroom management comes more easily.

F. If you just focus on major misbehavior, students will get the sense that minor misbehavior is OK.

G. A classroom where each student deeply trusts the teacher has the potential to be a great environment for learning.