Long ago a Native American chief named Shenandoah lived with his tribes(部落) in what is now the state of Virginia. Little is known about Shenandoah, but in some way, the soft sound of his name was given to a river. The Shenandoah River still flows in a deep valley between the Allegheny and Blue Ridge Mountains, just as it did when Chief Shenandoah lived. It is a slow moving river, soft and as beautiful as its name. Some word experts who believe the word “Shenandoah” means “spruce river” because the waters of the river run through great forests of spruce trees(云杉).And this explanation could be correct.

    However, there is an old Native American story which is far more beautiful than that of the experts. Centuries before Europeans came to the New World, there was a great lake of blue water hidden in the mountains of Virginia. For hundreds of years, Native American tribes lived near this lake, feeding on the fish from its clean waters. The Native Americans often climbed up the mountains and camped there during their long hunts for food. In the evenings they sat near their camp and looked down at the beautiful lake.

    On a clear, starry night you could see thousands of stars shining and dancing on the water below. The Native Americans loved this lake, and because they could see the stars in it, they called the lake, “Clear Daughter of the Stars.”In their language, the word for this was “Shenandoah.”

    One day the lake started to disappear. Its water ran out of the valley, through a break in the mountain side. The waters ran on and on until they joined another river known as the Potomac. At last, the lake was gone. In its place was only a river. It is the beautiful Shenandoah River today.

    However, the word Shenandoah becomes well known to people because someone wrote a song about it some years ago.“Shenandoah” is perhaps one of America’s most recognizable folk songs. Some say the song refers to the river. Others say it is about the daughter of Chief Shenandoah. Regardless of what the song is about, "Shenandoah" remains an American classic.“O Shenandoah, I love your daughter, Away you rolling river; O Shenandoah, I love your daughter, Away I'm bound to go, 'Cross the wide Missouri …”

21. According to the text, “ Shenandoah” may be the following EXCEPT______. 

   A. the Potomac                               B. “spruce river”

   C. “Clear Daughter of the Stars”               D. an American chief’s name

22. “ Shenandoah” is familiar to Americans mostly because of ______.

   A. pure and refreshing water                     B. an American classic song  

   C.a great historical character                  D. the mysterious disappearance of a lake

23. The most suitable title of the passage is ______.

   A. An American Chief’s Romantic Tale      B. Shenandoah and Its Native American Roots

   C. The Mystery of a Missing Lake          D. A Beautiful American Song

    Americans love peanut butter. The average child will eat 1,500 peanut butter before he or she graduates from high school. But there is a controversy over a new peanut butter. It is called STEEM Peanut Butter. This peanut butter adds a new ingredient: caffeine(咖啡因). Coffee is a popular morning drink because it has caffeine and gives people energy in the morning. Even small amounts of caffeine can be dangerous to children.

    United States Senator(参议员) Charles Schumer says.“Peanut butter, one of the snacks most closely connected with children, might have to be stored in the medicine cupboard rather than in the kitchen cupboard. This will shock the Food and Drug Administration.” Schumer wants the U.S. FDA to investigate. He observed that earlier the FDA prevented plans for a caffeinated chewing gum.

    STEEM, the manufacturer, said, “We are selling the caffeinated peanut butter all over the world. The product provides caffeine in an easily digestible way. Caffeinated foods have been sold in U.S. stores for well over a decade and are in no way a new idea. Customers tell us they want to eat the caffeinated peanut butter so they don’t have to drink as much coffee or energy drinks. The peanut butter is not intended for children.”

 “Peanut butter has been a favorite of children for generations,” Schumer continued: “Parents across the country have to worry about a scene in which their child might unknowingly bite into a peanut butter that contains more caffeine than two cups of coffee.”

    The American Academy of Pediatrics says caffeine in small amounts can help the physical performance of adults. But the academy urges parents not to allow children to take even small amounts of caffeine owing to caffeine’s possible negative effects on a child’s heart and brain development.

24. There is a controversy over the STEEM Peanut Butter because it contains ______.A. fat           B. peanut              C. caffeine         D. nutrition 

25. Charles Schumer suggests that the new peanut butter should be ______.

   A. kept in the kitchen cupboard          B. manufactured in huge quantities

   C. out of children’s reach                 D. eaten by children for generations

26. According to STEEM, the new peanut butter is popular with adults because______.

   A. it is a traditional food                  B. They eat it instead of energy drinks

   C. its production is not banned              D. it is digested more easilyt

27. We can guess from the text that the responsibility of the Food and Drug Administration is to______.

   A. introduce new foods and drugs             B. promote the sales of foods and drugs

   C. guarantee the safety of foods and drugs   D. improve the physical performance of adults

 China is showing the world its great resolve(决心) in the global climate campaign with concrete and self-motivated efforts as well as serious commitment.

At the opening ceremony of the Paris climate summit, Chinese President Xi Jinping restated China's plan made in June to cut its carbon emissions(排放) per unit of GDP by 60-65 percent from 2005 levels by 2030, and increase non-fossil fuel sources in primary energy consumption to about 20 percent.

 With a large population, China is facing increasing resource limits, severe environmental pollution and a worsening ecosystem, and its citizens are also becoming increasingly aware of environmental problems. Suffering environmental problems and seeing the efforts as important to transforming its economic growth pattern, the country has much at risk if climate change is left unattended.

 Actually, climate change efforts are already included in China's medium- and long-term program of economic and social development, and ecological efforts are the clear characteristics in China's 13th Five-Year Plan (2016-2020).

 Although it is and will be a developing country for a long time to come, China has been actively involved in the global campaign against climate change, now topping the world in terms of energy conservation and use of new and renewable energies.

 However, China's development rights need to be respected. It is unfair to overstress China's status as one of the world's largest greenhouse gas emitters and regard it as the major part of responsibilities in the global fight against climate change.

    It is worthy of notice that China's emissions of greenhouse gases per person are far lower than those of developed countries, especially the United States, although rapid economic expansion and its population base have made it one of the biggest producers of the gases.

    To show its great resolve, Beijing in September also announced the establishment of an independent South-South cooperation fund of 20 billion RMB to help developing countries affected by global warming.

    While China is eagerly accomplishing its policy commitments, developed countries should stop questioning China's commitment to fighting climate change and pointing fingers, and start shouldering their due responsibilities instead.

28. China is self-motivated to fight against climate change in order to______.

A. transform its economic pattern             B. top the world

 C. solve its population problem         D. respond to pressure from developed countries

29. The underlined word “it” in paragraph 7 refers to______.

 A. the United States         B. China   C. economic expansion   D. the population base

30. It can be inferred from the text that ______.

   A. some developed countries are not taking on their due responsibilities    

   B. China will carry out its plan by stopping its development

 C. Chinese emit more greenhouse gases than Americans on average

   D.China will completely use non-fossil fuels by 2030

31. Which of the following is a sign of China’s self-motivated fight against climate change?   A. Expanding its economy.            B. Donating money to developing countries.

C. Using non-renewable energies.       D. Making it part of China’s 13th Five-Year Plan.

    The Dupont Circle park in Washington DC is a busy, crowded place. Popular restaurants and businesses around the circle attract many city residents and visitors. But few people know about the old streetcar station below the street. Braulio Agnese is the Managing Director of an organization called Dupont Underground. The group wants to change the old station into a place for the arts."We see everything from site-specific art work, which fills the space in different ways, light and sound or appliances. Or it can be used like a traditional gallery. But also as a curved space, it offers a chance for new kinds of performance. DC has quite a few experimental theater groups that would like to work in an unusual space and do different kinds of production.”

    The system of tunnels was built in the late 1940s. But the streetcars only ran for a short time. They stopped running in the 1960s. Mr. Agnese says the station could become a symbol of how quickly Washington is changing."Changes in the last five or ten years have been tremendous. The restaurant scene is changing, new development, new opportunities. We think there is an opportunity to create something here that helps the city to move forward."

    Dupont Underground is just one example of the trend toward giving a new purpose to unused industrial sites. In New York, builders want to make a forgotten street car garage into a park below the street. And New York already has the popular High Line Park. It was once an old railroad path. The question is -- can Dupont Underground be as successful?

    Bill McLeod is Executive Director of Historic DuPont Circle Main Streets. The group helps small businesses in the DuPont Circle area. Mr. McLeod says the underground will fill a need in the area."I think there is definitely need for art space, or event space, in DuPont. And I think that will be the perfect space to activate because it's very large - it's 75 thousand square feet. Very cool, right?"

    Another organization tried to open a group of eating places in the space 15 years ago. That food court project failed. Mr. McLeod says the group leading the new effort has a better understanding of the project. He says the group knows it will take a lot of time and money and is successfully seeking financial support. Braulio Agnese and his co-workers hope to open the underground station to the public in the next few months.

32. According to the text, the old streetcar station below The Dupont Circle park in Washington DC __.

   A. was out of use in the 1950s                   B. is very suitable for an arts center

   C. was busy and crowded                      D. is an eating place

33. The author’s attitude to the New York reconstruction mentioned in the third paragraph is ___.

   A. tolerant              B. doubtful         C. negative         D. positive

34. Which word has its meaning closest to the underlined word in the text?

   A. occupy                B. possess          C. start        D. expand

35. The text mainly tells us about ______.

   A. the rebuilding of a deserted industrial site  

   B. the increasingly popularity of arts centers

   C. the failure of the food court project 

   D. the present condition of an underground streetcar station

   1  . There are two pens which can write this book. One is writing growth, the other is writing caducity(衰老）. One is describing success, the other is presenting failure. In others words, one is drawing happiness and the other is showing sorrow as well.

Life is like a heavy truck, so happiness and sorrow are like the wheels. No cross,no crown. No pain, no joy.    2  . One is that to live a day is to leave a day. The other is that to live a day is to enjoy a day. Just one word difference, it has reflected the complete reverse(相反的） state of psychology. Life is like the course which is investing（投资） all the time.   3  .

When you have it, you should use it well and make it develop great actions. Please remember, the active attitude creates wonderful life, or the negative attitude waste lifetime.

  4   . When she was about to knock at the door, she heard someone speaking in the room. A little girl said," Would you like some braised(炖熟的） pork today?" Another girl said, "No. I would like some toasted chicken." Following the words, the lady knocked at the door and went into the room.   5  . To her surprise, there were only some pieces of thin and dry bread, two cold potatoes and a jar of water on the table. The lady asked them what was the matter . They said that they imagined that, so poor food was turned into many kinds of delicious food.

When the lady left the family, she had newly understanding of happiness.

A. She saw them sitting at a table.

B. Everybody wishes to live a happy life.

C. There are two different minds.

D. Life is like a book.

E. One day , a rich lady went to visit a poor, but happy family.

F. Happy life exists everywhere.

G. Therefore, for one sense, life is the capital.