高中英语2021届专题复习——《虚拟语气与情态动词》训练题【含详解】
高中
整体难度：偏难
2020-12-08
题号
一
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四
五
评分
一、选择题 (共75题)
添加该题型下试题
1.
What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we ________ a good time together.
A．had B．will have C．would have had D．had had
难度：
知识点：虚拟语气
使用次数：141
【答案】
C
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光，否则，我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。根据上文可知，是对过去事情的虚拟，是与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选C。
2.
（2018·江苏）It’s strange that he _______ have taken the books without the owner’s permission.
A．would B．should
C．could D．might
难度：
知识点：虚拟语气与情态动词
使用次数：144
【答案】
B
【解析】
考查虚拟语气。句意：真奇怪，他竟然没有主人的允许就拿走了这些书。在句型”It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that...”中，其中由that引导的主语从句通常用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气，其中的should可以省略。故选B。
点睛：本题考查虚拟语气。It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that... 主语从句多数情况下用虚拟语气，表达一种要求、命令或者责备、建议或主观看法。但是如果只是表示陈述一个事实而不是强烈的感情，完全可以用一般的陈述语气。试比较：It is strange that he had made a mistake.（陈述一个事实：他犯了错误让人有点奇怪。）It is strange that he (should) have made a mistake. （虚拟语气，说话者是在责备他本不应该犯错。）
3.
（2018·天津）If we ___________the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach
A．had caught B．caught
C．have caught D．would catch
难度：
知识点：虚拟语气
使用次数：195
【答案】
A
【解析】
考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我们昨天赶上飞机的话，现在我们正在海滩享受我们的假日了。根据时间状语yesterday可知，从句表示与过去事实相反，故用had + v-ed。故选A。
点睛：本题考查虚拟语气。虚拟语气重要做题原则：根据题干中主句或从句中动词形式判断所考查的动词的虚拟时间，一般要保持一致，但要注意错综时间虚拟语气要根据各自所表示的虚拟时间做出调整。本题就是错综条件虚拟语气，从句与过去事实相反，故用had + v-ed，主句与现在事实相反。
4.
If the new safety system _______ to use, the accident would never have happened.
A．had been put B．were put C．should be put D．would be put
难度：
知识点：过去完成时及其被动式
使用次数：198
【答案】
A
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：如果这个新的安全系统被投入使用过的话，这个事故就不会发生了。根据主句确定是对过去情况的虚拟，所以从句谓语用had done形式，此外根据句意可知是被动，用被动语态，故A项是正确的。
【点睛】
英语中的三种语气，语气是动词的一种形式，用来说明我们对自己的话所采取的态度。陈述语气（疑问，否定，肯定，感叹）祈使语气（命令，要求，建议，警告）虚拟语气：不可能发生的事，愿望，建议，与事实相反的假设等.虚拟语气在条件中的具体用法真实条件句If you work hard,you’ll surely pass the exam.虚拟条件句（假设情况不存在，实现机会很小）If I were a bird, I could fly freely in the sky.if从句的谓语动词主句谓语动词1.与现在事实相反动词过去式（be一律用were）would/could/might/should+动词原形2.与过去事实相反had donewould/could/might/should+have done3.与将来事实可能相反a.动词过去式（be一律用were）b.should+动词原形（不能用would）c.were to+动词原形would/could/might/should+动词原形与现在事实相反if从句：动词过去式（be---were）主句：would/could/might/should+动词原形If we had time, we would go with you.If I were you, I shouldn’t do that.If it weren’t raining, we wouldn’t stay.与过去事实相反if从句：had done主句：would/could/might/should+have doneIf the teacher hadn’t helped us, we couldn’t have succeeded.I could have done it better if I had been more careful.If he hadn’t been ill, he might have come.3.与将来事实可能相反if从句：a.动词过去式（be一律用were） b.should+动词原形（不能用would） c.were to+动词原形主句：would/could/might/should+动词原形If he came tomorrow, I would tell him everything.If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home and watch TV.If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.Should he come tomorrow, please give the book to him.错综时间条件句在虚拟语气中，有时条件从句动作发生的时间和主句动作发生的时间是不一致的，称为错综时间条件句。这种句子的形式往往要根据句子的时间相调整，分别处理。If you had spoken to him yesterday, you would know what to do now.If you had followed the doctor’s advice then, you would be all right now.If you had watered them more, the crops would be growing still better now.(有时时间会省略）含蓄条件句有时虚拟条件不用if条件从句，而用介词或介词短语来表示。They would not be able to live without him.（如果没有）He would have failed but for his teacher’s timely advice.（要不是）=if it had not been forIf only you had worked with greater care!(要是......就好了）You would have done the same thing in her position.With a little more care you could have avoid the traffic accident.虚拟结合条件句在虚拟语气中，假设的情况有时间可以通过上下文或其他方式表现出来，并且虚拟的情况和真实的情况同时存在。I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the singing competition.（实------虚）=I was ill that day. If I hadn’t been ill that day, I would have taken part in the singing competition.He would have bought the piano, but he didn’t have enough money.（虚------实）=He would have bought the piano if he had had enough money, but in fact he didn’t have enough money.省略if倒装条件句在虚拟语气中，if从句假设的情况中如果有助动词had, should和were，那么可省略if，把had, should和were放在句首构成倒装，简称省略if倒装条件句。If he had finished the work yesterday, he would have gone to the concert with you.=Had he finished the work yesterday, he would have gone to the concert with you.If I were you, I wouldn’t do that.=were I you, I wouldn’t do that.If I should meet him, I would tell him about it.=Should I meet him, I would tell him about it.
5.
It was President Xi Jinping_______visited the navy troops on April 19 and urged that naval force_______.
A．who; strengthen B．whom; strengthen
C．who; be strengthened D．who; to strengthen
难度：
知识点：被动语态的用法
使用次数：124
【答案】
C
【解析】
考查强调句和虚拟语气。句意：是习近平主席在4月19号参观了海军，要求加强海军力量。本句是强调句，基本结构是：It is/was+强调部分+who/that+其余部分。urge后加宾语从句，从句用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用（should）+动词原形，此处省略了should，故选C。
【名师点睛】
在表示建议、命令、要求、忠告等动词的后面的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气，由于这些动词本身隐含说话者的主观意见，认为某事应该应不应该怎么样，这些词语后面的that从句应用虚拟语气，且均以“should+动词原形”表示这种语气，但事实上should常被省略，故此句中谓语动词用原形，常用的此类动词有：
1. wish后的宾语从句
2. 表示“坚持”insist后的宾语从句
3. 表示“命令”order、command后的宾语从句
4. 表示“建议”advise、suggest、propose、recommend后的宾语从句
5. 表示“要求”ask、demand、require、request后的宾语从句
6. 表示“投票”vote后的宾语从句
7. 表示“安排”arrange后的宾语从句
8. 表示“希望”“打算”desire，intend后的宾语从句
9. 表示“指示”direct后的宾语从句
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试题总数：
77
总体难度：
偏难
难度统计
难度系数
数量
占比
中等
39
50.64%
很难
6
7.79%
偏难
29
37.66%
容易
3
3.89%
题型统计
大题类型
数量
占比
选择题
75
97.40%
阅读填空
1
1.29%
短文改错
1
1.29%
知识点统计
知识点
数量
占比
虚拟语气
20
25.97%
虚拟语气与情态动词
27
35.06%
过去完成时及其被动式
2
2.59%
被动语态的用法
3
3.89%
现在完成进行时及其被动式
1
1.29%
宾语从句
1
1.29%
一般过去时及其被动式
3
3.89%
情态动词
16
20.77%
含情态动词的被动语态
2
2.59%
形容词
1
1.29%
冠词
1
1.29%
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