Next time a customer comes to your office, offer him a cup of coffee.And when you’re doing your holiday shopping online, make sure you’re holding a large glass of iced tea.The physical sensation(感觉) of warmth encourages emotional warmth, while a cold drink in hand prevents you from making unwise decisions—those are the practical lesson being drawn from recent research by psychologist John A.Bargh.
Psychologists have known that one person’s perception(感知)of another’s “warmth” is a powerful determiner in social relationships.Judging someone to be either “warm” or “cold” is a primary consideration, even beating evidence that a “cold” person may be more capable.Much of this is rooted in very early childhood experiences, Bargh argues, when babies’ conceptual sense of the world around them is shaped by physical sensations, particularly warmth and coldness.Classic studies by Harry Harlow, published in 1958, showed monkeys preferred to stay close to a cloth “mother” rather than one made of wire, even when the wire “mother” carried a food bottle.Harlow’s work and later studies have led psychologists to stress the need for warm physical contact from caregivers to help young children grow into healthy adults with normal social skills.
Feelings of “warmth” and “coldness” in social judgments appear to be universal.Although no worldwide study has been done, Bargh says that describing people as “warm” or “cold” is common to many cultures, and studies have found those perceptions influence judgment in dozens of countries.To test the relationship between physical and psychological warmth, Bargh conducted an experiment which involved 41 college students.A research assistant handed the students either a hot cup of coffee, or a cold drink, to hold while the researcher filled out a short information form.The drink was then handed back.After that, the students were asked to rate the personality of “Person A” based on a particular description.Those who had briefly held the warm drink regarded Person A as warmer than those who had held the iced drink.
“We are grounded in our physical experiences even when we think abstractly,” says Bargh.
45.According to Paragraph 1, a person’s emotion may be affected by ______.
A.the psychology lessons he has B.his physical feeling of coldness
C.the visitors to his office D.the things he has bought online
46.The author mentions Harlow’s experiment to show that ______.
A.babies need warm physical contact B.caregivers should be healthy adults
C.adults should develop social skills D.monkeys have social relationships
47.In Bargh’s experiment, the students were asked to ______.
A.write down their guesses B.evaluate someone’s personality
C.fill out a personal information form D.hold coffee and cold drink alternatively
48.We can infer from the passage that ______.
A.abstract thinking does not come from physical experiences
B.feelings of warmth and coldness are studied worldwide
C.physical temperature affects how we see others
D.capable persons are often cold to others
49.What would be the best title for the passage?
A.Drinking for Better Social Relationships.
B.Physical Sensations and Emotions.
C.Experiments of Personality Evaluation.
D.Developing Better Drinking Habits
BABC
人生感悟类阅读的概念:
生活感悟类的文章就是指能给人心灵以启迪,使人从中受到教育的文章。这类文章的体裁可以是记叙文,如生活中一些感人故事或情感故事,有点类似心灵鸡汤一样的短文。
生活感悟类阅读解题指导:
一、文章特点:
生活感悟类的文章就是指能给人心灵以启迪,使人从中受到教育的文章。这类文章的体裁可以是记叙文,如生活中一些感人故事或情感故事,有点类似心灵鸡汤一样的短文。有时故事的结尾会有一句“点睛之笔”,点出全文的中心思想,就像《伊索寓言》里的寓言一样。还可能是夹叙夹议的哲理散文或生活随笔。散文随笔通常会阐述一种朴素易懂,耳熟能详的人生道理或宝贵品质。文章的结构和议论文类似,一般是总分总或总分结构。每段首句或尾句为主题句(论点),其它句子围绕主题展开论述(论据),论证方法多种多样,或举例,或引用名言,或正反对照等。
二、解题技巧:
针对生活感悟类文章的特点,做这类文章的完形填空时,要特别注意以下几点:
1、重点理解全文的首句。如果是记叙文,找出when,where,who,what等基本要素。如果是散文随笔,充分理解文章的中心句—全文的主题。
2、阅读全文的结尾段或结尾句,有助于理解文章所阐述或蕴含的哲理、感悟或忠告等。
3、调动自己的背景知识和情感。这类文章不会讲大道理也不会涉及到一些很专业的知识技术领域,而是谈一些小事和简单的道理,所以如果读者能和作者产生感情上的共鸣,读者会更好地把握作者的意图态度,从而提高做题的准确度。因此,考生在平时要做一个有心人,即用心去感悟生活中发生的小事,思考人生的一些基本道理,多阅读一些短小精悍的美文,多写写自己的心情故事和对生活学习的感悟。只有平时多用心,做题时才能调动自己的背景知识和情感。
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A. Take full responsibility B. Slow down your pace C. Find an advisor D. Cherish people around you E. Find your deepest values F. Be willing to change |
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You need to change in order to grow. Changing your life is a continuous process. It never ends. The moment you stop changing, you stop growing. Here are some tips that may help to change your life:
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To change your life, you need time to think and reflect. If you are always busy, you won’t have the time to think about your life, let alone taking action to change it. It’s not only the scenery you miss by going too fast ― you also miss the sense of where you are going and why.
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It’s your life; nobody can change it but you. If you aren’t willing to change, then nothing in this world can make you do so. To build the willingness to change, first you should realize that your life can be better than it is now. No matter how good your life is, it can always be improved. On the other hand, don’t feel hopeless if your life doesn’t seem good right now. You can always change your life for the better.
Don’t blame other people for the bad things that happen in your life. Don’t blame your family, friends, boss, or the economy. Whether your life goes up or down depends on you and you alone. Stephen Covey once said, “We immediately become more effective when we decide to change ourselves rather than asking things to change for us.”
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Deep down in your heart, there are some principles that you know is true. Take the time to find them. What do you think is the most valuable thing in life? What principles do you think you must follow to live a fulfilling life? These are the values that you need to align yourself with. Find them and remind yourself constantly about them.
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Not only can this person give you advice on what to do in certain situations, he can also warn you about possible pitfalls in your path. Without a mentor, most likely you will have to learn many lessons the hard way. Having a mentor will save you serious amount of time.