Chinese kungfu is one of the earliest and longest-lasting sports that use both muscle and brain. Over its long history it has developed as a unique combination of exercise, practical self-defense, self-discipline and art.
It is estimated that Chinese kungfu can date back to primitive society. At that time, people used sticks to fight wild beasts. Gradually, they accumulated a great deal of self-defense experience. When the Shang Dynasty began, hunting was considered an important part of kungfu training .
During the Shang and Zhou dynasties, martial arts(武术) evolved to become a kind of dancing. Usually, the dancing of martial arts was used to train soldiers and inspire their morale. At the same time, the skill and technology of sword making as well as sword ceremonies developed rapidly.
Starting from the Tang Dynasty, a kungfu examination was proposed and introduced. Excellent candidates would receive titles and awards through the examination, largely promoting the development of martial arts. By then, martial arts had evolved to become an art form and an independent genre. Kungfu was gradually introduced to many countries in Southeast Asia. Today , kungfu is honored as the ancestor of kickboxing(跆拳道), karate(空手道) and judo.
The Song and Yuan dynasties witnessed the climax of kungfu development. The practice of kungfu by civil organizations became more and more popular. People actually made a living as martial arts performers all over the country. Usually their performance was carried out by a single person or two people as a pair.
Chinese kungfu achieved greater development in the Ming and Qing dynasties. In the Ming Dynasty, a lot of genres came into being and numerous books on martial arts were published. In the Qing Dynasty, the ruling empire banned the practice of martial arts, and the people had to set up various clubs or societies to pass on the skills in secret.
Today, kungfu continues to be practiced by many people for the purpose of keeping fit or improving body image.
28. According to the text, ___________ was an important part of the development of kungfu
in ancient times.
A. hunting B. dancing C. singing D. fighting
29. During the Shang and Zhou dynasties, kungfu was used to__________.
A. promote the national economy
B. keep healthy and improve body image
C. train soldiers and inspire their morale
D. fight big wild animals
30. What can we learn from the text ?
A. The production of swords reached the highest point during the Tang Dynasty.
B. Kungfu was performed by many people during the Song and Yuan dynasties.
C. Kungfu has had a great impact on many activities in Southeast Asia.
D. The Tang dynasty witnessed the climax of kungfu development.
31. How did kungfu evolve in the Ming Dynasty?
A. The emperor set up many organizations to promote kungfu.
B. Various genres appeared and books were published about kungfu.
C. Kungfu became the only performance at court parties.
D. People made a living as kungfu performers all over the country.
A C C B
政治经济类文章的概念:
要做好这类阅读,平时就要注意了解国内外发生的政治经济大事,掌握一定背景知识,对这类文章的叙述特点及内容安排有一定了解,还要扩展这方面的词汇。阅读这类文章,要抓住文章的核心,即文章整体和各段主要在说什么,也要注意段落之间的逻辑关系。
如何备考政治经济类阅读理解题:
【题型说明】政治经济类阅读文章是高考常选材料之一。该类文章时代气息浓郁,语言鲜活,但熟字新义词、超纲词及专业词语多,长句、难句多。政治类文章大多数是同学们感性趣的内容,读起来倒有似曾相识的感觉,经济类文章读起来就像是雾里看花,文章看完,一头雾水。再加之这类文章的命题侧重于词义猜测、推理判断和文章主旨,同学们对这类题材是望而生畏。
【备考策略】建立心理优势。针对不同体裁的文章,我们要采取相应的阅读方法和技巧。政治类文章多采用记叙文形式,我们可采取“顺读法”,以便抓关键语句,领会文章主旨;而经济类文章则多采用说明文形式,我们则可以采取“逆读法”,先读试题,再从文章中查找有用信息。若遇到的确难读的材料。千万不用着急,因为你觉得难,其他人也一定是同感。在高考前,我们就要有这种心理准备,高考试卷肯定有一、两篇难以阅读的材料。不过,我们平时可以有意识地从报刊杂志上找一些较难的阅读材料来阅读,以培养自己迎难而上的心理素质。
【答题方法】
1、寻找主干:
根据英语中五种基本句型结构,把句子中的主语、谓语、宾语、表语等主要成分找出来,其他成分如定语、状语、补语等则易于理解。找到了句子主干,句子的意思至少明白了一半。
2、剔除从句:
在一个长句中可能会出现若干个从句,在理解时,如果把各个从句剔除出来单独理解,然后把大意拼凑起来,整个长句的意思就会明白六、七分。
3、辨别分句:
一个长句如果是由几个并列、转折、递进、对比关系的分句组成,句中往往有表示这些分句关系的连接词,只要能弄清楚分句和分句之间的逻辑关系,再把各层分句的意思加以连贯,整个长句的句意基本上能跃然脑中。
4、寻找关键词:
如果一个句子看完,一点句意的感觉也没有,下下策就是抓住句中的关键词,通过关键词大体弄懂这个长句的意思。
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