Christie Watson was only 17 years old when she walked into the room of a patient. Now, as a 21 , her 20 years in the sickroom has taught Watson that though knowledge of biology and chemistry is 22 , the art of good nursing 23 pure kindness.
Watson never forgets two nurses. One nurse 24 tiny spoonfuls of yoghurt to Watson when she was 25 to hospital for an allergic reaction as a child. The other nurse sang Watson's newborn son to 26 at 2 am, and then came back after her 27 had ended ——with a cup of coffee. That is 28 Watson spends the greater part of her career nursing seriously ill children.
Watson described washing the 29 smell from the hair of a little girl who was hurt in a fire, and her 30 to deal with mentally ill patients in her book. "A nurse's bones become 31 with every serious case she 32 and there are too many,” writes Watson.
However, her hands always shake 33 she opens the doors to the operating room, which is a( n) 34 of the random nature of life to her. We can not know whose brake will 35 , and whose roof will fall down. We can't 36 and control them. But her kindness gives 37 to the patients and reduces their pain. Because of it, they can find joy in the most 38 places where they have to stay. The 39 of a six-year-old girl with a serious disease 40 to be the most high-spirited sound in the room.
21．A．doctor B．nurse C．patient D．baby-sitter
22．A．,professional B．complex C．vital D．abundant
23．A．adapts to B．results in C．responds to D．lies in
24．A．fed B．donated C．supplied D．bought
25．A．abandoned B．separated C．sent D．rejected
26．A．calm B．smiles C．tears D．sleep
27．A．appointment B．shift C．attendance D．operation
28．A．what B．how C．why D．because
29．A．smoky B．sour C．sweet D．damp
30．A．decision B．struggle C．intention D．reaction
31．A．harder B．softer C．healthier D．straighter
32．A．researches B．settles C．discovers D．witnesses
33．A．after B．unless C．as D．although
34．A．evidence B．reminder C．impression D．warning
35．A．fail B．fix C．stop D．function
36．A．realize B．predict C．understand D．challenge
37．A．treatment B．satisfaction C．comfort D．respect
38．A．unfriendly B．unfair C．unforgettable D．unlikely
39．A．laughter B．breath C．sob D．shout
40．A．figures out B．makes out C．brings out D．turns out
21．B
22．C
23．D
24．A
25．C
26．D
27．B
28．C
29．A
30．B
31．A
32．D
33．C
34．B
35．A
36．B
37．C
38．D
39．A
40．D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了沃森把一生的职业作为一名护士的缘由，和她在做护士期间的所见所思。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，作为一名护士，在病房里的20年教会了沃森，虽然生物和化学知识是至关重要的，但好的护理艺术在于纯粹的善良。A. doctor医生； B. nurse 护士；C. patient 病人；D. baby-sitter保姆。根据后文句子the art of good nursing （3）pure kindness，可见她是一名护士，所以选B。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. professional 专业的；B. complex复杂的；C. vital 重要的；D. abundant丰富的。对于护士来说，生物和化学知识当然是重要的，故选C。
23．考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A.adapts to 适应；B. results in 导致；C. responds to 对…回应；D. lies in存在于。根据句意和下文语境并结合选项可知，良好护理的艺术在于纯粹的仁慈，故选D。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：沃森小时候因为过敏反应被送进医院，一位护士给她喂了一小勺酸奶。A.fed 喂养；B. donated 捐赠；C. supplied提供； D. bought买。根据tiny spoonfuls of yoghurt ，应该是在她生病的时候，一个护士给她喂过酸奶，所以选A。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.abandoned遗弃； B. separated分离； C. sent 送；D. rejected拒绝。过敏反应应该是被送进医院所。以选C。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：另一名护士在凌晨两点为沃森刚出生的儿子唱歌，让他睡觉，然后在换班结束后拿着一杯咖啡回来。A.calm 平静；B. smiles 微笑；C. tears 眼泪；D. sleep睡眠。根据sang Watson's newborn son 和空后的时间at 2 am可知，是哄孩子睡，所以选D。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.appointment 预约；B. shift 轮班；C. attendance 出勤；D. operation手术。根据常识可知，回来应该是在轮班后，所以选B。
28．考查连词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么沃森把她职业生涯的大部分时间花在照顾重病儿童上。A. what什么； B. how 如何；C. why 为什么；D. because因为。根据上文可知，讲述影响沃森的两个护士是为了说明为什么Watson的大部分职业生涯都在照顾重病儿童，所以选C。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：沃森在她的书中描述了一个在火灾中受伤的小女孩洗头发时散发出的烟熏味，以及她与精神病患者打交道的艰难过程。A.smoky多烟的； B. sour 酸的；C. sweet甜的； D. damp潮湿的。根据后文句子who was hurt in a fire，应该是有烟味的头发，所以选A。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.decision 决定；B. struggle 斗争，难事；C. intention打算； D. reaction反应。根据下文A nurse's bones become ____11____with every serious case she ____12____ and there are too many,” writes Watson.可知，她的书中写到在处理精神病患者时候的斗争，所以选B。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：沃森写道:“护士会随着她所目击的每一个严重的病例而变得坚硬，而且这样的病例太多了。”A.harder 坚硬；B. softer 软的；C. healthier健康的；D. straighter直的。根据句意和语境可知，此处用harder和bones搭配最合语境。故选A。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.researches 观察；B. settles处理； C. discovers 发现；D. witnesses目击。本句中she witnesses是定语从修饰名词case，结合句意，所以选D。
33．考查连词词义辨析。句意：然而，当她打开手术室的门时，她的手总是在颤抖，这提醒着她生命的随机性。A.after在…之后； B. unless除非；C. as 当…的时候；D. although尽管。根据下文which is a( n) ___14___ of the random nature of life to her.可知，此处是指打开门时，所以选C。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.evidence证据； B. reminder 提醒；C. impression 印象D. warning警告。根据下文We can not know whose brake will ____15____ , and whose roof will fall down. We can't ___16___ and control them. 可知，打开手术室的门这是对生命随意性的一次提醒。所以选B。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们不知道谁的刹车会失灵，谁的屋顶会塌下来。A.fail 失败；B. fix 安装；C. stop 停止；D. function有效. 根据后文whose roof will fall down，可见我们不知道谁的刹车会失灵，所以选A。
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们无法预测和控制它们。A.realize 意识到；B. predict 预测；C. understand理解； D. challenge挑战。根据常识可知，在生死面前我们不能预测也不能控制，所以选B。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是她的善良给了病人安慰，减轻了他们的痛苦。A.treatment治疗； B. satisfaction满意； C. comfort 安慰；D. respect希望.根据语境结合句意可知，仁慈好心能给病人以安慰减轻痛苦，所以选C。
38．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：正因为如此，他们可以在最不可能的地方找到快乐。A.unfriendly不友好的； B. unfair 不公平的；C. unforgettable 难忘的；D. unlikely不可能的。根据上文But her kindness gives ____17____ to the patients and reduces their pain. Because of it，it指代的是her kindness，结合句意可知，这种善良让他们在最不能的地方找到了快乐。所以选D。
39．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个六岁的身患重病的小女孩的笑声是房间里最振奋人心的声音。A. laughter 笑；B. breath健康；C. sob 抽泣；D. shout大叫。根据空后的to be the most high-spirited sound in the room.结合选项可知，笑声是房间里最欢快的声音。所以选A。
40．考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. figures out弄明白； B. makes out 做出；C. brings out 带来；D. turns out结果是。turn out to be“结果是，原来是”的意思，结合句意和个选项的意思可知，结果是女孩的笑声带给这个房间里最欢快的声。故选D。
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。
Feeling extreme loneliness can increase an older person’s risk of premature (过早的)death by 14 percent, according to research by John Cacioppo, professor of psychology at the University of Chicago.
Cacioppo and his colleagues’ work shows that the impact of loneliness on premature death is nearly as strong as the impact of disadvantaged socioeconomic status, which they found increases the chances of dying early by 19 percent. A 2010 meta﹣analysis showed that loneliness has twice as much impact on early death as obesity does, he said.
The researchers looked at dramatic differences in the rate of decline in physical and mental health as people aged. Cacioppo and his colleagues have examined the role of satisfying relationships on older people to develop their resilience ([rɪˈzɪliəns] 快速恢复的能力；适应力), the ability to feel better quickly after something unpleasant, and grow from stresses in life.
The consequences for health are dramatic, as feeling isolated or separated from others can disturb sleep, elevate blood pressure, increase morning rises in the stress hormone cortisol ([‘kɔ:tɪsɒl] 皮质醇), change the gene expression in immune cells, increase depression and lower overall subjective well﹣being, Cacioppo pointed out in a talk, “ Rewarding Social Connections Promote Successful Aging.”
Cacioppo, one of the nation’s leading experts on loneliness, said older people can avoid the consequences of loneliness by staying in touch with former co﹣workers, taking part in family traditions, and sharing good times with family and friends ﹣ all of which give older adults a chance to connect with others about whom they care and who care about them.
”Retiring to Florida to live in a warmer climate among strangers isn’t necessarily a good idea if it means you are disconnected from the people who mean much to you,” said Cacioppo. Population changes make understanding the role of loneliness and health all the more important,he explained. “People have to think about how to protect themselves from depression, low subjective well﹣being and early death. “
Although some people are happy to be alone, most people develop from social situations in which they provide mutual support and establish a strong bond. Evolution encourages people to work together to survive and accordingly most people enjoy companionship compared to be alone.
It is not solitude (独处)or physical isolation itself, but rather the subjective sense of isolation that Cacioppo’s work shows to be so destructive. Older people living alone are not necessarily lonely if they remain actively engaged in social life and enjoy the company of those around them. Some aspects of aging, such as blindness and loss of hearing, however, place people at special risk of becoming isolated and lonely, he said.
| Passage outline | Supporting details |
| The main idea | Chances are that older people will die early if they feel extremely 51．. |
| 52． with loneliness | • Like disadvantaged socioeconomic status and obesity, loneliness can 53． old men’s premature death. • When 54． from others, one will find physical health impacted and tend to feel depressive and unhappy. |
| Suggestions | • Keep in touch with others and take part in 55． activities. • Choosing to live in a pleasant climate don’t necessarily make sense if the elder are disconnected from people who are 56． to them. • Think about how to57． depression, low subjective well﹣being and early death. • Work together with others to 58．, to gain mutual support and establish a strong bond. |
| Conclusions | • The sense of isolation, rather than solitude or physical isolation itself, isn’t 59．to elders. • Living alone doesn’t mean loneliness if older people live an 60． social life. |