The human population of Sri Lanka is now believed to be over 20 million. As a result, large areas of trees are being turned into farmland, highways are being built over centuries-old elephant migration routes, and elephants are being driven out of their habitats. This change causes turmoil , resulting in an increased number of uncontrollable events between elephants and humans.
The good news is that there is one place called the Elephant Transit Home (ETH) in Udawalawe National Park, the main purpose of which is to protect and care for baby elephants that are found injured or living without their mothers in the wild. A day at the ETH begins early in the morning when the baby elephants are given their first feeding of milk. During the course of the day, each baby will drink an average of 13 gallons of milk. Older elephants are fed mostly coconut leaves as well as other native plants. Then the elephants are set free to wander in the park, eating growing grass and forming a herd.
The ETH spends almost $125,000 each year on powdered milk for these baby animals. To help pay for food and medical supplies, the ETH has a foster （领养） parent program. Anyone, even schoolchildren, can help a lot by giving money to care for a baby elephant. While some foster parents are too far away to visit the baby elephant being cared for at the ETH, local schoolchildren play an important part in the program. Foster parents can name their elephants, take photographs of them, and even help send them back into the wild.
Now visitors are not encouraged to get close to the elephants. The goal of the ETH is for the elephants to return to the wild in the end. It usually takes three years for a baby elephant to be sent back into its natural habitat. The elephants are often set free together with other animals with whom they have close relationships. This program helps them return to the wild as members of a herd that will communicate with each other and take care of each other.
1 ． What does the underlined word in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A ． A condition of harmony. B ． A phenomenon of pollution.
C ． A state of disorder. D ． A feeling of confusion.
2 ． According to the passage, the elephants at the ETH ________.
A ． are taken care of by different means B ． don’t get along well with other animals
C ． mainly live on coconut leaves D ． are fed separately all the time
3 ． As a foster parent at the ETH, you can ________.
A ． take photos with the elephant B ． give the elephant you care for a name
C ． take the elephant home for better care D ． visit Udawalawe National Park free of charge
4 ． The last paragraph mainly deals with ________ at the ETH.
A ． the process of raising a young elephant B ． the life of the baby elephants
C ． the future of the elephants D ． the requirements for being a foster parent
1 ． C
2 ． A
3 ． B
4 ． C
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了斯里兰卡为保护小象而设立的一个保护区 ——the Elephant Transit Home( 大象过渡家园 ) ，为了照顾好这些小象，保护区采取了多种不同的方法。
1 ．
词义猜测题。根据第一段划线词后半句 “resulting in an increased number of uncontrollable events between elephants and humans.( 导致大象和人类之间越来越多的无法控制的事件。 )” 可知，这些变化最终引起了人类与大象之间混乱的状态。所以 turmoil 为 “ 混乱；骚动 ” 之意。故选 C 。
2 ．
细节理解题。根据第二段 “A day at the ETH begins early in the morning when the baby elephants are given their first feeding of milk. During the course of the day, each baby will drink an average of 13 gallons of milk. Older elephants are fed mostly coconut leaves as well as other native plants. Then the elephants are set free to wander in the park, eating growing grass and forming a herd.( 在大象过渡家园的一天开始于清晨，当小象被给予他们的第一次奶。在一天中，每个婴儿平均要喝 13 加仑的牛奶。年长的大象主要吃椰子叶和其他本地植物。然后大象被放生，在公园里漫步，吃生长的草，形成一群。 )” 和第三段 “To help pay for food and medical supplies, the ETH has a foster （领养） parent program. Anyone, even schoolchildren, can help a lot by giving money to care for a baby elephant.( 为了帮助支付食物和医疗用品，大象过渡家园有一个养父母计划。任何人，甚至是小学生，都可以通过捐钱照顾小象来帮助很多人。 )” 可知，保护区有领养项目，任何人都可通过捐钱来帮助照顾小象，所以保护区采取多种不同的方式照顾小象。故选 A 。
3 ．
细节理解题。根据第三段 “Foster parents can name their elephants, take photographs of them, and even help send them back into the wild.( 养父母可以给大象起名字，给它们拍照，甚至帮助它们回到野外。 )” 可知，领养的父母可以给小象起名字。故选 B 。
4 ．
主旨大意题。文章最后一段 “The goal of the ETH is for the elephants to return to the wild in the end.( 大象过渡家园的目标是让大象最终回到野外。 )” 可知，本段主要介绍了生活在大象过渡家园的小象今后的去向问题。故选 C 。
图表作文的概念：
就是用文字结合表格、数字或图画作为写作信息提示的一种写作形式。
图表作文的分类：
图表作文可细分为表格、曲线图、柱形图和圆形图。弄懂这四种图在写作方面的各自特点，我们才可以写好这种类型的作文：
1)表格形式要求考生对表格中所给出的大量数字进行比较分析，从中找出其变化规律。
2)曲线图形式要求考生认真观察坐标系所显示的数据信息，并且密切注意交汇在坐标横轴和纵轴上的数字及单位。
3)柱形图形式要求考生通过宽度相等的柱形的高度或长度差别来判断事物的动态发展趋势，因此考生应密切关注坐标线上的刻度单位及图表旁边的提示说明与文字。
4)圆形图形式旨在要求考生准确理解并阐述一个被分割成大小不等切片的圆形图所传达的信息。考生应清楚掌握部分与整体，部分与部分之间的相互关系，这种关系通常是以百分比的数字形式给出的。
图表类英语作文具备以下特点：
1、题材涉及广泛，如人物介绍、地点介绍、新闻报道、生活话题及社会热门话题，试题设计真实性高，符合学生的认知水平，其中学校生活类题材占比例最大。体裁多种多样，包括应用文(书信、日记、通知、发言稿、寻物及招领启事等)、说明文、记叙文、议论文等。
2、图表类作文提示点一目了然，需要表达的信息一览无余。答题时无须花过多的时间去揣摩写作内容，要点一般不会遗漏。
3、图表类作文中通常是以不完整的汉语句子(包括术语或概括性的短语)作为提示形式出现。这样既能够让考生获得命题人所要求的信息，又留给考生一定的发挥空间，因而要求考生具备很强的语言驾驭能力和语篇整合能力。
注意事项：
第一步：审题，确定体裁格式、主体时态、中心人称和内容要点，避免填表式或履历表式表达。
第二步：拟定提纲，创造良好的开端；叙述得体，布局谋篇；巧妙过渡，完美结尾。
第三步：遣词造句，套用句型，上下衔接，地道表达，行文成篇(注意“参考词汇”的提示作用)。
图表式作文的几种形式：
一、表格形式(table)：将统计的数据或被说明的事物直接用表格形式体现出来，即统计表。
二、图形形式：A、线形图(linegraph)：以曲线形式表示数据变化；
B、条形图(bargraph)：以条形方式表示数据的大小或数量之间的差异；
C、圆形图(piechart)：以圆内扇形的大小表示总体内部结构变化；
图表作文四个层次要求：
图表式作文是说明文的一种。一般可分四个层次来写：
第一、按照题目要求描述图表反映的总情况，即概括大意或总趋势。
第二、对数字进行仔细的比较，分析其差异、归纳其变化。
第三、找出产生的变化及原因。
第四、写出读图表后的评论、预测或结论。
图表作文典型句式：
1、描述总趋势（单增单减）
As the chart above shows,…
We can see from the graph that…
As is described in the chart…
From the table we can find out that…
As can be seen from the chart…
As is shown in the chart, the production for all products is higher/lower/rising/increasing/falling…
2、数据分析：
Comparedwith…,/Incomparisonwith…：
（1）the number of…is more than/over…
（2）the amount of…increases/grows/rises/goes up to…/by…
（3）the number of…is similar to/almost the same as/smaller than/below…
（4）the amount of…is quite different from…/decreases/falls/drops from…to…
3、原因分析：
（1）Several factors contribute to the changes./There are some reasons for the rise in the number of
（2）First of all, In addition/More over, Perhaps the main cause is.
（3）Due to all those reasons, there is no doubt that such great changes happened.
4、结论或预测：
From the figures/statistics above,
we can conclude/draw a conclusionthat…
we can estimate(估计）that the population/amount of…will 增减increase/dropsteadily 稳固地/gradually逐渐地/rapidly迅速地稳定：remainstable 波动：rebound/wave
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2010年央视春晚的广告收入创新高，但节目中的植入广告引发了热议。最近，某网站举行了一次题为“对今年春晚植入广告的态度”的调查，请根据以下饼图（pie chart）所示信息用英语写一篇短文，并提出你自己的看法。
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注意：
1、对所给提示，不要简单翻译，可适当增加细节，使行文连贯
2、词数150左右，开头已给出,不计入总词数。
3、植入广告：product placement
The 2010 Spring Festival Gala has set records for TV commercial rates, which accordingly has caused heated discussions due to product placement in the programmes.
