阅读句子，根据句意选择方框内合适的词组，用其恰当形式填空。
| as well as tend to be responsible for from time to time deal with |
11 ． I____________ set a goal for every subject at the beginning of each term.
12 ． It’s important to meet friends in person____________, not just on social media.
13 ． The thought of leaving once flashed through his mind, but he quickly gave up on the idea and found ways to____________ the challenges.
14 ． They enjoy playing football in playground, ____________singing songs they’ve learnt.
15 ． Zhang Tian was the only English teacher. The other two local teachers ____________math and Chinese.
tend to 12 ． from time to time 13 ． deal with 14 ． as well as 15 ． were responsible for
【解析】 11 ．考查固定短语。句意：我倾向于在每学期开始时为每门学科设定一个目标。根据后文 “set a goal for every subject at the beginning of each term” 以及句意 “ 倾向于 ” 可知短语为 tend to ，结合后文 at the beginning of each term 可知为一般现在时，主语为 I ，谓语用原形。故填 tend to 。
12 ．考查固定短语。句意：不只是在社交媒体上，时不时地和朋友见面是很重要的。根据上文 “It’s important to meet friends in person” 以及句意 “ 时不时地 ” 可知短语为 from time to time 。故填 from time to time 。
13 ．考查固定短语。句意：离开的念头一度闪过他的脑海，但他很快就放弃了这个念头，并找到了应对挑战的方法。根据后文 “the challenges” 以及句意 “ 应对 ” 可知短语为 deal with ，此处为不定式作后置定语。故填 deal with 。
14 ．考查固定短语。句意：他们喜欢在操场上踢足球，也喜欢唱他们学过的歌。根据后文 “singing songs they’ve learnt” 以及句意 “ 也 ” 可知短语为 as well as 。故填 as well as 。
15 ．考查固定短语。句意：张天是唯一的英语老师。另外两位当地老师负责数学和语文。根据后文 “math and Chinese” 以及句意 “ 负责 ” 可知短语为 be responsible for ，结合上文 was 可知为一般过去时，主语为，谓语用复数。故填 were responsible for 。
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。
Feeling extreme loneliness can increase an older person’s risk of premature (过早的)death by 14 percent, according to research by John Cacioppo, professor of psychology at the University of Chicago.
Cacioppo and his colleagues’ work shows that the impact of loneliness on premature death is nearly as strong as the impact of disadvantaged socioeconomic status, which they found increases the chances of dying early by 19 percent. A 2010 meta﹣analysis showed that loneliness has twice as much impact on early death as obesity does, he said.
The researchers looked at dramatic differences in the rate of decline in physical and mental health as people aged. Cacioppo and his colleagues have examined the role of satisfying relationships on older people to develop their resilience ([rɪˈzɪliəns] 快速恢复的能力；适应力), the ability to feel better quickly after something unpleasant, and grow from stresses in life.
The consequences for health are dramatic, as feeling isolated or separated from others can disturb sleep, elevate blood pressure, increase morning rises in the stress hormone cortisol ([‘kɔ:tɪsɒl] 皮质醇), change the gene expression in immune cells, increase depression and lower overall subjective well﹣being, Cacioppo pointed out in a talk, “ Rewarding Social Connections Promote Successful Aging.”
Cacioppo, one of the nation’s leading experts on loneliness, said older people can avoid the consequences of loneliness by staying in touch with former co﹣workers, taking part in family traditions, and sharing good times with family and friends ﹣ all of which give older adults a chance to connect with others about whom they care and who care about them.
”Retiring to Florida to live in a warmer climate among strangers isn’t necessarily a good idea if it means you are disconnected from the people who mean much to you,” said Cacioppo. Population changes make understanding the role of loneliness and health all the more important,he explained. “People have to think about how to protect themselves from depression, low subjective well﹣being and early death. “
Although some people are happy to be alone, most people develop from social situations in which they provide mutual support and establish a strong bond. Evolution encourages people to work together to survive and accordingly most people enjoy companionship compared to be alone.
It is not solitude (独处)or physical isolation itself, but rather the subjective sense of isolation that Cacioppo’s work shows to be so destructive. Older people living alone are not necessarily lonely if they remain actively engaged in social life and enjoy the company of those around them. Some aspects of aging, such as blindness and loss of hearing, however, place people at special risk of becoming isolated and lonely, he said.
| Passage outline | Supporting details |
| The main idea | Chances are that older people will die early if they feel extremely 51．. |
| 52． with loneliness | • Like disadvantaged socioeconomic status and obesity, loneliness can 53． old men’s premature death. • When 54． from others, one will find physical health impacted and tend to feel depressive and unhappy. |
| Suggestions | • Keep in touch with others and take part in 55． activities. • Choosing to live in a pleasant climate don’t necessarily make sense if the elder are disconnected from people who are 56． to them. • Think about how to57． depression, low subjective well﹣being and early death. • Work together with others to 58．, to gain mutual support and establish a strong bond. |
| Conclusions | • The sense of isolation, rather than solitude or physical isolation itself, isn’t 59．to elders. • Living alone doesn’t mean loneliness if older people live an 60． social life. |