根据句意,选择短语并以其适当形式填空。
6 . Nowadays, an increasing number of teenagers _________computer games.
7 . Our Students’ Union welcomes all boys and girls to _________ different school club activities.
8 . Although Mr. Bill is over 70, he _________by jogging for 20 minutes everyday to keep fit .
9 . It’s important and useful for high school students to learn how to_________ in class.
10 . I am your friend _________ your enemy.
are addicted to 7 . sign up for 8 . works out 9 . take notes 10 . rather than
【解析】 6 .考查主谓一致和形容词短语。句意:如今,越来越多的青少年沉迷于电脑游戏。根据 “computer games” 可知,是沉迷于电脑游戏, be addicted to 意为 “ 沉迷于 ” ,主语是 teenagers 为复数形式,再根据 nowadays ,应该用一般现在时。故填 are addicted to 。
7 .考查动词短语。句意:我们的学生会欢迎所有的男孩和女孩报名参加不同的学校社团活动。根据 “welcomes” 以及 “school club activities” 可知,是欢迎报名参加学校社团活动, sign up for 意为 “ 报名参加 ” ,又空前 to 是不定式标志,所以空处填动词原形。故填 sign up for 。
8 .考查主谓一致和动词短语。句意:虽然比尔先生已经 70 多岁了,但他还是通过每天慢跑 20 分钟来保持健康。根据 “jogging for 20 minutes everyday to keep fit” ,可知是通过慢跑开锻炼, work out 意为 “ 锻炼 ” ,主语是 he ,为第三人称单数,根据时间状语 everyday ,可知用一般现在时。故填 works out 。
9 .考查动词短语。句意:对于高中生来说,学会在课堂上做笔记是很重要和有用的。根据 “for high school students” 可知,对于高中生来说做笔记是很重要的, take notes 意为 “ 做笔记 ” ,又空前 to 是不定式标志,所以空处填动词原形。故填 take notes 。
10 .考查连词。句意:我是你的朋友,不是你的敌人。根据 “your friend” 和 “your enemy” ,可知此处是转折关系,应填转折连词, rather than 意为 “ 而不是 ” 。故填 rather than 。
请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填1个单词。
Feeling extreme loneliness can increase an older person’s risk of premature (过早的)death by 14 percent, according to research by John Cacioppo, professor of psychology at the University of Chicago.
Cacioppo and his colleagues’ work shows that the impact of loneliness on premature death is nearly as strong as the impact of disadvantaged socioeconomic status, which they found increases the chances of dying early by 19 percent. A 2010 meta﹣analysis showed that loneliness has twice as much impact on early death as obesity does, he said.
The researchers looked at dramatic differences in the rate of decline in physical and mental health as people aged. Cacioppo and his colleagues have examined the role of satisfying relationships on older people to develop their resilience ([rɪˈzɪliəns] 快速恢复的能力;适应力), the ability to feel better quickly after something unpleasant, and grow from stresses in life.
The consequences for health are dramatic, as feeling isolated or separated from others can disturb sleep, elevate blood pressure, increase morning rises in the stress hormone cortisol ([‘kɔ:tɪsɒl] 皮质醇), change the gene expression in immune cells, increase depression and lower overall subjective well﹣being, Cacioppo pointed out in a talk, “ Rewarding Social Connections Promote Successful Aging.”
Cacioppo, one of the nation’s leading experts on loneliness, said older people can avoid the consequences of loneliness by staying in touch with former co﹣workers, taking part in family traditions, and sharing good times with family and friends ﹣ all of which give older adults a chance to connect with others about whom they care and who care about them.
”Retiring to Florida to live in a warmer climate among strangers isn’t necessarily a good idea if it means you are disconnected from the people who mean much to you,” said Cacioppo. Population changes make understanding the role of loneliness and health all the more important,he explained. “People have to think about how to protect themselves from depression, low subjective well﹣being and early death. “
Although some people are happy to be alone, most people develop from social situations in which they provide mutual support and establish a strong bond. Evolution encourages people to work together to survive and accordingly most people enjoy companionship compared to be alone.
It is not solitude (独处)or physical isolation itself, but rather the subjective sense of isolation that Cacioppo’s work shows to be so destructive. Older people living alone are not necessarily lonely if they remain actively engaged in social life and enjoy the company of those around them. Some aspects of aging, such as blindness and loss of hearing, however, place people at special risk of becoming isolated and lonely, he said.
Passage outline | Supporting details |
The main idea | Chances are that older people will die early if they feel extremely 51.. |
52. with loneliness | • Like disadvantaged socioeconomic status and obesity, loneliness can 53. old men’s premature death. • When 54. from others, one will find physical health impacted and tend to feel depressive and unhappy. |
Suggestions | • Keep in touch with others and take part in 55. activities. • Choosing to live in a pleasant climate don’t necessarily make sense if the elder are disconnected from people who are 56. to them. • Think about how to57. depression, low subjective well﹣being and early death. • Work together with others to 58., to gain mutual support and establish a strong bond. |
Conclusions | • The sense of isolation, rather than solitude or physical isolation itself, isn’t 59.to elders. • Living alone doesn’t mean loneliness if older people live an 60. social life. |