完形填空
Small children are easy to throw up in the air and catch-and they 1 it. “Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again. He throws his arms and legs out 2 he were flying, his eyes wide with 3 . His trust in me is 4 which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense of 5 .
I hope Jacky will always trust me fully, but I know that, as he gets 6 , it will need more effort and sound judgment 7 . Trust is such an important part of a 8 relationship that it’s something that can’t 9 to lose. Every time I 10 Jacky to something new, he’ll do it only because he trusts me and feels 11 in the knowledge that he won’t get hurt . 12 , teaching Jacky to swim means he has to 13 that, when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down.
14 in the workplace, trust is important for strong 15 . It is something that every manager should work hard to 16 among their team. If people don’t trust you, they’re unlikely to 17 your directions and willingly become a loyal ( 忠诚 ) team member. A 18 of trust can make people work against you rather than for you. At the very least, it means that people are not going to be 19 you their best. Good 20 , like good parenting, is a long-term commitment.
1 ． A ． deserve B ． miss C ． love D ． know
2 ． A ． as if B ． in case C ． even though D ． so that
3 ． A ． fear B ． excitement C ． doubt D ． astonishment
4 ． A ． reasonable B ． limited C ． absolute D ． important
5 ． A ． relief B ． satisfaction C ． achievement D ． responsibility
6 ． A ． older B ． busier C ． quieter D ． healthier
7 ． A ． on my behalf B ． on my part C ． in my honor D ． in my name
8 ． A ． long-distance B ． high-risk C ． parent-child D ． teacher-student
9 ． A ． afford B ． choose C ． wait D ． expect
10 ． A ． attach B ． compare C ． adjust D ． introduce
11 ． A ． safe B ． happy C ． proud D ． grateful
12 ． A ． Above all B ． In addition C ． At first D ． For example
13 ． A ． admit B ． believe C ． suggest D ． imagine
14 ． A ． However B ． Therefore C ． Similarly D ． Fortunately
15 ． A ． affection B ． determination C ． friendship D ． leadership
16 ． A ． assess B ． organize C ． develop D ． understand
17 ． A ． repeat B ． follow C ． change D ． forget
18 ． A ． gesture B ． measure C ． bond D ． lack
19 ． A ． telling B ． giving C ． selling D ． sending
20 ． A ． management B ． personality C ． communication D ． education
C 2 ． A 3 ． B 4 ． C 5 ． D 6 ． A 7 ． B 8 ． C 9 ． A 10 ． D 11 ． A 12 ． D 13 ． B 14 ． C 15 ． D 16 ． C 17 ． B 18 ． D 19 ． B 20 ． A
【导语】这是一篇议论文。短文论述了信任的重要性。
1 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子很喜欢被抛到空中并被抓住 —— 而且他们喜欢这样做。 A. deserve 值得； B. miss 错过； C. love 爱； D. know 知道。根据下文 “Again, Daddy, again!” 可知，孩子很喜欢被抛到空中并被抓住。故选 C 项。
2 ．考查连词短语词义辨析。句意：他伸出胳膊和腿，好像在飞，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。 A. as if 好像； B. in case 以防； C. even though 即使； D. so that 以便。根据 “he were flying” 可知，本句为虚拟语气，好像在飞。故选 A 项。
3 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他伸出胳膊和腿，好像在飞，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。 A. fear 害怕； B. excitement 兴奋； C. doubt 怀疑； D. astonishment 惊讶。根据上文 “He throws his arms and legs out 2 he were flying,” 可知，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。故选 B 项。
4 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他对我的信任是绝对的，这是一种很好的感觉，但同时也给了我巨大的责任感。 A. reasonable 合理的； B. limited 有限的； C. absolute 完全的，绝对的； D. important 重要的。根据上文 “Again, Daddy, again!” 可知，孩子要求一次次被仍向空中，由此可知，他对父亲是完全信任的。故选 C 项。
5 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对我的信任是绝对的，这是一种很好的感觉，但同时也给了我巨大的责任感。 A. relief 宽慰； B. satisfaction 满意； C. achievement 成就； D. responsibility 责任。结合语境，此处指孩子对父亲的信任也成为了父亲的责任，即他有让孩子信任自己的责任。故选 D 项。
6 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望杰基能永远完全信任我，但我知道，随着他长大，这需要我付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。 A. older 年龄较大的； B. busier 较为忙的； C. quieter 较安静的； D. healthier 较健康的。根据下文 “it will need more effort and sound judgment ____7____” 可知，随着他长大，这需要作者付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。故选 A 项。
7 ．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：我希望杰基能永远完全信任我，但我知道，随着他长大，这需要我付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。 A. on my behalf 代表我； B. on my part 就我来说； C. in my honor 以我的名誉； D. in my name 以我的名义。本段在探讨作者与儿子之间的关系，所以需要 “ 我 ” 付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。故选 B 项。
8 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：信任是亲子关系中非常重要的一部分，它是一种不能失去的东西。 A. long-distance 长途的； B. high-risk 高风险的； C. parent-child 父母子女的； D. teacher-student 师生的。本段在探讨作者与儿子之间的关系，所以是一中亲子关系。故选 C 项。
9 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：信任是亲子关系中非常重要的一部分，它是一种不能失去的东西。 A. afford 支付得起； B. choose 选择； C. wait 等待； D. expect 期望。根据上文 “Trust is such an important part of a ____8____ relationship” 可知，它是一种不能失去的东西。 afford to do sth“ 能够做某事 ” 。故选 A 项。
10 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次我给杰克介绍新东西，他都会去做，只是因为他相信我，觉得安全，因为他知道自己不会受伤。 A. attach 贴上； B. compare 对比； C. adjust 调整； D. introduce 介绍。根据下文 “to something new” 可知，作者介绍给儿子新的东西。故选 D 项。
11 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每次我给杰克介绍新东西，他都会去做，只是因为他相信我，觉得安全，因为他知道自己不会受伤。 A. safe 安全的； B. happy 快乐的； C. proud 自豪的； D. grateful 感激的。根据上文 “he trusts me” 可知，只是因为他相信作者，觉得安全。故选 A 项。
12 ．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：例如，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，我能去救他。 A. Above all 首先重要的是； B. In addition 除此之外； C. At first 首先； D. For example 例如。根据下文 “teaching Jacky to swim means he has to ____13____ ” 可知，作者在举例子。故选 D 项。
13 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，我能去救他。 A. admit 承认； B. believe 相信； C. suggest 建议； D. imagine 想象。根据上文 “because he trusts me” 可知，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，作者能去救他。这是父子信任的一个很好的例子。故选 B 项。
14 ．考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。 A. However 然而； B. Therefore 因此； C. Similarly 相似地； D. Fortunately 幸运地。作者从父子之间的信任转移到职场，所以同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。故选 C 项。
15 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。 A. affection 感情； B. determination 决定； C. friendship 友谊； D. leadership 领导力。根据下文 “It is something that every manager” 可知，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。故选 D 项。
16 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是每个管理者都应该努力在团队中培养的品质。 A. assess 评估； B. organize 组织； C. develop 发展，培养； D. understand 理解。根据常识可知，信任需要培养。故选 C 项。
17 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果人们不信任你，他们就不太可能听从你的指示，并不愿意成为忠诚的团队成员。 A. repeat 重复； B. follow 跟随； C. change 改变； D. forget 忘记。根据上文 “If people don’t trust you” 可知，人们不信任你，他们就不太可能听从你的指示。故选 B 项。
18 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：缺乏信任会让人们与你作对，而不是帮助你。 A. gesture 姿势； B. measure 测量； C. bond 纽带； D. lack 缺少。根据下文 “make people work against you rather than for you” 可知，缺乏信任会让人们与你作对。故选 D 项。
19 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：至少，这意味着人们不会给你最好的回应。 A. telling 告诉； B. giving 给； C. selling 卖； D. sending 发送。其他人不信任你，所以不会给你最好的回应。故选 B 项。
20 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：好的管理，就像好的育儿一样，是一种长期的承诺。 A. management 管理； B. personality 个性； C. communication 交流； D. education 教育。根据上文 “in the workplace” 以及 “manager” 客户，作者在说管理。故选 A 项。
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。
Feeling extreme loneliness can increase an older person’s risk of premature (过早的)death by 14 percent, according to research by John Cacioppo, professor of psychology at the University of Chicago.
Cacioppo and his colleagues’ work shows that the impact of loneliness on premature death is nearly as strong as the impact of disadvantaged socioeconomic status, which they found increases the chances of dying early by 19 percent. A 2010 meta﹣analysis showed that loneliness has twice as much impact on early death as obesity does, he said.
The researchers looked at dramatic differences in the rate of decline in physical and mental health as people aged. Cacioppo and his colleagues have examined the role of satisfying relationships on older people to develop their resilience ([rɪˈzɪliəns] 快速恢复的能力；适应力), the ability to feel better quickly after something unpleasant, and grow from stresses in life.
The consequences for health are dramatic, as feeling isolated or separated from others can disturb sleep, elevate blood pressure, increase morning rises in the stress hormone cortisol ([‘kɔ:tɪsɒl] 皮质醇), change the gene expression in immune cells, increase depression and lower overall subjective well﹣being, Cacioppo pointed out in a talk, “ Rewarding Social Connections Promote Successful Aging.”
Cacioppo, one of the nation’s leading experts on loneliness, said older people can avoid the consequences of loneliness by staying in touch with former co﹣workers, taking part in family traditions, and sharing good times with family and friends ﹣ all of which give older adults a chance to connect with others about whom they care and who care about them.
”Retiring to Florida to live in a warmer climate among strangers isn’t necessarily a good idea if it means you are disconnected from the people who mean much to you,” said Cacioppo. Population changes make understanding the role of loneliness and health all the more important,he explained. “People have to think about how to protect themselves from depression, low subjective well﹣being and early death. “
Although some people are happy to be alone, most people develop from social situations in which they provide mutual support and establish a strong bond. Evolution encourages people to work together to survive and accordingly most people enjoy companionship compared to be alone.
It is not solitude (独处)or physical isolation itself, but rather the subjective sense of isolation that Cacioppo’s work shows to be so destructive. Older people living alone are not necessarily lonely if they remain actively engaged in social life and enjoy the company of those around them. Some aspects of aging, such as blindness and loss of hearing, however, place people at special risk of becoming isolated and lonely, he said.
| Passage outline | Supporting details |
| The main idea | Chances are that older people will die early if they feel extremely 51．. |
| 52． with loneliness | • Like disadvantaged socioeconomic status and obesity, loneliness can 53． old men’s premature death. • When 54． from others, one will find physical health impacted and tend to feel depressive and unhappy. |
| Suggestions | • Keep in touch with others and take part in 55． activities. • Choosing to live in a pleasant climate don’t necessarily make sense if the elder are disconnected from people who are 56． to them. • Think about how to57． depression, low subjective well﹣being and early death. • Work together with others to 58．, to gain mutual support and establish a strong bond. |
| Conclusions | • The sense of isolation, rather than solitude or physical isolation itself, isn’t 59．to elders. • Living alone doesn’t mean loneliness if older people live an 60． social life. |