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2022年新高考全国II卷英语真题(不含听力)含解析
2022年新高考全国II卷英语真题(不含听力)含解析
高中
整体难度:偏难
2023-06-14
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一、完型填空 (共1题)
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1.

Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them, this 25-year-old is doing it 1 . She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore. It might sound like one long, expensive 2 , but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel 3 .

They’re part of a new form of the 4 economy: an online group of house sitters. Throughout their no-cost stays in 5 homes, they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s 6 .

It’s not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully 7 their trips, scheduling their days around the pets that are sometimes difficult to 8 . But house sitting also offers a level of 9 they can’t find in a hotel. “It’s like 10 at a friend’s house,” Jessica says.

The couple has a high 11 rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s 12 . For Jessica, that means 13 plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house 14 and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house. “You want to make the homeowner feel that they made the right 15 ,” she says.

1 A indoors B online C single-handed D full-time

2 A game B service C vacation D procedure

3 A safe B busy C helpful D affordable

4 A local B private C sharing D agricultural

5 A strangers’ B parents’ C co-workers’ D neighbors’

6 A favor B defense C honor D absence

7 A plan B explain C compare D complete

8 A buy B transport C choose D please

9 A support B comfort C control D attention

10 A cooking B staying C waiting D studying

11 A success B survival C growth D unemployment

12 A budget B abilities C expectations D understanding

13 A admiring B donating C sending D borrowing

14 A clean B open C simple D empty

15 A guess B decision C response D impression

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【答案】

D    2 C    3 D    4 C    5 A    6 D    7 A    8 D    9 B    10 B    11 A    12 C    13 C    14 A    15 B

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了 Jessica 和丈夫通过当看房人来环球旅行的事情。在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中,他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高,他们总是超出房主的预期。

1 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意:与他们中的大多数人不同,这位 25 岁的年轻人全职从事这项工作。 A. indoors 室内; B. online 在线的; C. single-handed 单手的; D. full-time 全职的。根据后文 “She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore.( 在过去的两年里,她和她的丈夫周游世界,从巴黎到新加坡都在这里停留 )” 可知,这位 25 岁的年轻人全职从事这项工作。故选 D

2 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期,但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。 A. game 游戏; B. service 服务; C. vacation 假期; D. procedure 手续。结合上文可知 Jessica 在环球旅行,所以是假期。故选 C

3 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期,但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。 A. safe 安全的; B. busy 忙碌的; C. helpful 有帮助的; D. affordable 买的起的。对应上文 “It might sound like one long, expensive” 指听起来昂贵,但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。故选 D

4 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他们是共享经济新形式的一部分:在线看房者。 A. local 当地的; B. private 私人的; C. sharing 分享; D. agricultural 农业的。根据后文 “economy: an online group of house sitters” 以及提到他们免费住在陌生人家里,可见是共享经济,故选 C

5 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中,他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。 A. strangers’ 陌生人的; B. parents’ 父母的; C. co-workers’ 同事的; D. neighbors’ 邻居的。根据上文可知他们在环球旅行,所以是住在陌生人的家里。故选 A

6 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中,他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。 A. favor 帮助; B. defense 防御; C. honor 荣誉; D. absence 缺席。根据上文 “they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s” 指在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。故选 D

7 .考查动词词义辨析。句意:这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行,围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安排他们的日子。 A. plan 计划; B. explain 解释; C. compare 比较; D. complete 完成。根据宾语 “their trips” 指计划旅行,应用 plan 。故选 A

8 .考查动词词义辨析。句意:这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行,围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安排他们的日子。 A. buy 购买; B. transport 运输; C. choose 选择; D. please 取悦。根据上文 “the pets that are sometimes difficult to” 指某些宠物很难照管,故选 D

9 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:但照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。 A. support 支持; B. comfort 舒适,安慰; C. control 控制; D. attention 注意力。结合后文提到像住在朋友家,可见照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。故选 B

10 .考查动词词义辨析。句意: 这就像住在朋友家一样, ”Jessica 说。 A. cooking 烹饪; B. staying 停留; C. waiting 等待; D. studying 学习。根据后文 “at a friend’s house” 指像呆在朋友家,应用 stay at 。故选 B

11 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高,他们总是超出房主的预期。 A. success 成功; B. survival 存活; C. growth 生长; D. unemployment 失业。根据后文 “rate in getting accepted as house sitters” 可知此处指他们被接受为看房人的成功率,应用 success 。故选 A

12 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高,他们总是超出房主的预期。 A. budget 预算; B. abilities 能力; C. expectations 期待; D. understanding 理解。上文提到这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高,是因为他们总是超出房主的预期,所以成功率才高。故选 C

13 .考查动词词义辨析。句意:对杰西卡来说,这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片,保持房子的清洁,在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。 A. admiring 钦佩; B. donating 捐赠; C. sending 发送; D. borrowing 借来。根据后文 “plenty of pictures of happy pets” 指给房主发送宠物的照片。故选 C

14 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意:对杰西卡来说,这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片,保持房子的清洁,在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。 A. clean 干净的; B. open 开放的; C. simple 简单的; D. empty 空的。根据上文可知,他们的职责就是照看房子,所以要保持房子的清洁。故选 A

15 .考查名词词义辨析。句意: 你要让房主觉得他们做了正确的决定, 她说。 A. guess 猜测; B. decision 决定; C. response 反应; D. impression 印象。是房主选择了他们当看房人,所以是房主做了正确的决定,故选 B

二、阅读理解 (共5题)
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1.

Children’s Discovery Museum

General Information about Group Play

Pricing

Group Play $7/person

Scholarships

We offer scholarships to low-income schools and youth organizations, subject to availability. Participation in a post-visit survey is required.

Scholarships are for Group Play admission fees and/or transportation. Transportation invoices ( 发票 ) must be received within 60 days of your visit to guarantee the scholarship.

Group Size

We require one chaperone ( 监护人 ) per ten children. Failure to provide enough chaperones will result in an extra charge of $50 per absent adult.

Group Play is for groups of 10 or more with a limit of 35 people. For groups of 35 or more, please call to discuss options.

Hours

The Museum is open daily from 9:30 am to 4:30 pm.

Group Play may be scheduled during any day or time the Museum is open.

Registration Policy

Registration must be made at least two weeks in advance.

Register online or fill out a Group Play Registration Form with multiple date and start time options.

Once the registration form is received and processed, we will send a confirmation email within two business days.

Guidelines

●Teachers and chaperones should model good behavior for the group and remain with students at all times.

●Children are not allowed unaccompanied in all areas of the Museum.

●Children should play nicely with each other and exhibits.

●Use your indoor voice when at the Museum.

16 What does a group need to do if they are offered a scholarship?

A Prepay the admission fees. B Use the Museum’s transportation.

C Take a survey after the visit. D Schedule their visit on weekdays.

17 How many chaperones are needed for a group of 30 children to visit the Museum?

A One. B Two. C Three. D Four.

18 What are children prohibited from doing at the Museum?

A Using the computer. B Talking with each other.

C Touching the exhibits. D Exploring the place alone.

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【答案】

C    17 C    18 D

【导语】本文是一篇应用文,文章提供了关于儿童博物馆团体游的相关信息。

16 .细节理解题。根据 Scholarship 标题下 “We offer scholarships to low-income schools and youth organizations, subject to availability. Participation in a post-visit survey is required.( 我们会视情况而定,为低收入学校和青年组织提供奖学金,并需要其参与访问后调查问卷 )” 可知,如果一个团体获得了奖学金,需要在参加一个访后的调查问卷,与选项 C“Take a survey after the visit.( 接受参观后的问卷调查 )” 属于同义替换,故选 C

17 .细节理解题。根据 “Group Size” 标题下 “We require one chaperone ( 监护人 ) per ten children.( 我们要求每十个孩子有一个监护人 )” 可知, 10 个孩子需要 1 个监护人,那么 30 个孩子则需要 3 个监护人。故选 C

18 .细节理解题。根据 “Guidelines” 标题下 “Children are not allowed unaccompanied in all areas of the Museum.( 无人陪伴的儿童不得进入博物馆的所有区域 )” 可知,儿童必须在监护人陪伴下才能进入博物馆,即儿童不能单独进入博物馆进行探索。与选项 D“Exploring the place alone.( 独自探索博物馆 )” 属于同义替换,故选 D

2.

We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools. Many young people don’t even realize it’s new. For them, it’s just normal.

This hit home for me as I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday. I had brought a children’s book to read. It had simple words and colorful pictures — a perfect match for his age.

Picture this: my grandson sitting on my lap as I hold the book in front so he can see the pictures. As I read, he reaches out and pokes ( ) the page with his finger.

What’s up with that? He just likes the pictures, I thought. Then I turned the page and continued. He poked the page even harder. I nearly dropped the book. I was confused: Is there something wrong with this kid?

Then I realized what was happening. He was actually a stranger to books. His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. He thought my storybook was like that.

Sorry, kid. This book is not part of your high-tech world. It’s an outdated, lifeless thing. An antique, like your grandfather. Well, I may be old, but I’m not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I’ve even built websites.

There’s one notable gap in my new-media experience, however: I’ve spent little time in front of a camera, since I have a face made for radio. But that didn’t stop China Daily from asking me last week to share a personal story for a video project about the integration of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province.

Anyway, grandpa is now an internet star — two minutes of fame! I promise not to let it go to my head. But I will make sure my 2-year-old grandson sees it on his tablet.

19 What do the underlined words “hit home for me” mean in paragraph 2?

A Provided shelter for me. B Became very clear to me.

C Took the pressure off me. D Worked quite well on me.

20 Why did the kid poke the storybook?

A He took it for a tablet computer. B He disliked the colorful pictures.

C He was angry with his grandpa. D He wanted to read it by himself.

21 What does the author think of himself?

A Socially ambitious. B Physically attractive.

C Financially independent. D Digitally competent.

22 What can we learn about the author as a journalist?

A He lacks experience in his job. B He seldom appears on television.

C He manages a video department. D He often interviews internet stars.

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【答案】

B    20 A    21 D    22 B

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经是一名记者,在春节期间,作者给孙子拿了一本儿童读物,孙子却以为是平板电脑,不停地戳书。

19 .词句猜测题。根据第一段 “We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools. Many young people don’t even realize it’s new. For them, it’s just normal.” 以及画线词后文 “as I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday.” 可知,作者是记者,生活在一个讲故事的新时代,有许多新的多媒体工具。许多年轻人甚至没有意识到它是新的。对他们来说,这很正常。而这在春节假期,作者和两岁的孙子坐在沙发上,尤其清楚认识到了这一点。故画线词意思是 我很清楚 。故选 B

20 .细节理解题。根据第五段中 “He was actually a stranger to books. His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. He thought my storybook was like that.( 事实上,他对书本并不熟悉。他的父亲经常用一台装有彩色图片的平板电脑逗他开心,当你戳它们的时候,这些图片就会变得栩栩如生。他认为我的故事书就是那样的 )” 可知,那孩子戳故事书是因为他把它当成了平板电脑。故选 A

21 .细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中 “Well, I may be old, but I’m not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I’ve even built websites. ( 我可能老了,但从数字角度来说,我还没有毫无希望的挑战。我编辑视频,制作音频。我用移动支付。我甚至建立了网站 )” 可知,作者认为自己懂数码技术。故选 D

22 .细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中 “There’s one notable gap in my new-media experience, however: I’ve spent little time in front of a camera, since I have a face made for radio.( 然而,在我的新媒体体验中有一个明显的差距:我很少在镜头前呆着,因为我的脸是为电台而生的 )” 可知,作者作为记者他很少上电视。故选 B

3.

Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel.

Yet the problem, by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse. Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using social networks and taking photos. Road accidents, which had fallen for years, are now rising sharply.

That is partly because people are driving more, but Mark Rosekind, the chief of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, said distracted (分心) driving was "only increasing, unfortunately."

"Big change requires big ideas." he said in a speech last month, referring broadly to the need to improve road safety. So to try to change a distinctly modern behavior, lawmakers and public health experts are reaching back to an old approach: They want to treat distracted driving like drunk driving.

An idea from lawmakers in New York is to give police officers a new device called the Textalyzer. It would work like this: An officer arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in the operating system for recent activity. The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York's hands-free driving laws.

"We need something on the books that can change people's behavior,” said Félix W. Ortiz, who pushed for the state's 2001 ban on hand-held devices by drivers. If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said, "people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone."

23 Which of the following best describes the ban on drivers' texting in the US?

A Ineffective. B Unnecessary.

C Inconsistent. D Unfair.

24 What can the Textalyzer help a police officer find out?

A Where a driver came from. B Whether a driver used their phone.

C How fast a driver was going. D When a driver arrived at the scene.

25 What does the underlined word "something" in the last paragraph refer to?

A Advice. B Data. C Tests. D Laws.

26 What is a suitable title for the text?

A To Drive or Not to Drive? Think Before You Start

B Texting and Driving? Watch Out for the Textalyzer

C New York Banning Hand-Held Devices by Drivers.

D The Next Generation Cell Phone: The Textalyzer-

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【答案】

A    24 B    25 D    26 B

【导语】本文一篇说明文。为解决司机在开车时使用手机造成 分神 ,引发交通事故的问题,纽约的一名立法者提出使用 Textalyzer (短信监控器)的技术来监控司机在开车的时候是否使用了手机。

23 .推理判断题。根据第一段中 “Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel.” (在过去的七年里,大多数州都禁止司机发短信,公共服务活动也尝试了各种各样的方法来说服人们在开车时放下手机。)以及第二段中 “Yet the problem, by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse.” (然而,无论以何种标准衡量,这个问题似乎都在恶化。)可知,大多数州使用了各种各样的方法说服司机们在开车的时候放下手机,可是情况却越来越糟糕。所以各种方法是无效的。 A 选项 ineffective 意为 无效的 ,与此相符。故选 A

24 .细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中 “The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York's hands-free driving laws.” (这项技术可以确定司机是否发了短信、发了邮件,或者做了纽约免提驾驶法不允许的其他事情。)可知, Textalyzer 能够确定的是司机是否使用了手机发短信、邮件以及其他驾驶法不允许的行为。 B 选项意为 是否司机使用了手机。 与此相符,故选 B

25 .词义猜测题。根据句中的 “We need something on the books that can change people's behavior.” (我们需要一些能改变人们行为的东西,)可知, something 是能够改变人们的行为的事情。根据下文的 “If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said, "people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone.” (他说,如果 Textalyzer 法案成为法律, 人们会更害怕拿起手机。)可知,人们的行为会改变的条件是当 Textalyzer 法案成为法律。受到法律的约束和惩罚,司机们才不会在开车的时候使用手机。故 something 指代的是法律。故选 D

26 .主旨大意题。纵观全文,第一段和第二段阐述的是 虽然大多数州已经尝试了各种各样的方法来说服人们在开车时放下手机。可是问题却越来越严重 。第三段中 “That is partly because people are driving more.” (部分原因是开车的人越来越多)可知,解释了该行为产生的部分原因。第四段至第五段讲述的是为了解决该问题是纽约立法者提出了一个新的想法即利用 Textalyzer 技术,来监控司机在开车的时候是否使用了手机。最后一段讲述的是:相关人士呼吁该项技术能够成为真正的法案由此才能真正地改变人们的行为。故 B 选项 Texting and Driving? Watch Out for the Textalyzer (发短信还是在开车?防范短信监控器。)适合文章的标题。故选 B

4.

As we age, even if we’re healthy, the heart just isn’t as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be. In most people the first signs show up in their 50s or early 60s. And among people who don’t exercise, the changes can start even sooner.

“Think of a rubber band. In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will become dry and easily broken,” says Dr. Ben Levine, a heart specialist at the University of Texas. That’s what happens to the heart. Fortunately for those in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you haven’t been an enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart.

Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy. Participants were randomly divided into two groups. The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic ( 无氧 ) exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week. The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week. After two years, the second group saw remarkable improvements in heart health.

“We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30-or 35-year-old hearts,” says Levine. “And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump ( 泵送 ) a lot more blood during exercise.” But the hearts of those who participated in less intense exercise didn’t change, he says.

“The sweet spot in life to start exercising, if you haven’t already, is in late middle age when the heart still has flexibility,” Levine says. “We put healthy 70-year-olds through a yearlong exercise training program, and nothing happened to them at all.”

Dr. Nieca Goldberg, a spokeswoman for the American Heart Association, says Levine’s findings are a great start. But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.

27 What does Levine want to explain by mentioning the rubber band?

A The right way of exercising. B The causes of a heart attack.

C The difficulty of keeping fit. D The aging process of the heart.

28 In which aspect were the two groups different in terms of research design?

A Diet plan. B Professional background.

C Exercise type. D Previous physical condition.

29 What does Levine’s research find?

A Middle-aged hearts get younger with aerobic exercise.

B High-intensity exercise is more suitable for the young.

C It is never too late for people to start taking exercise.

D The more exercise we do, the stronger our hearts get.

30 What does Dr. Nieca Goldberg suggest?

A Making use of the findings. B Interviewing the study participants.

C Conducting further research. D Clarifying the purpose of the study.

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【答案】

D    28 C    29 A    30 C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要讲的是锻炼对于心脏的好处。

27 .推理判断题。根据第二段的 ““Think of a rubber band. In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will become dry and easily broken,” says Dr. Ben Levine, a heart specialist at the University of Texas. That’s what happens to the heart.(“ 想想橡皮筋。一开始,它是灵活的,但把它放在抽屉里 20 年,它就会变得干燥,很容易破碎, 德克萨斯大学的心脏专家本 · 莱文博士说。这就是心脏的变化。 )” 可知,莱文想通过提到橡皮筋来解释心脏的老化过程,故选 D

28 .推理判断题。根据第三段的 “The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week. The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week.( 第一组每周参加三次非有氧运动 —— 平衡训练和重量训练。第二组在教练的指导下每周进行 4 天或更多的高强度有氧运动。 )” 可知,两组在研究设计上的不同在于运动类型的不同,故选 C

29 .细节理解题。根据第三段的 “The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week. After two years, the second group saw remarkable improvements in heart health.( 第二组在教练的指导下每周进行 4 天或更多的高强度有氧运动。两年后,第二组的心脏健康状况有了显著改善。 )” 和第四段的 ““We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30-or 35-year-old hearts,” says Levine.( 莱文说 :“ 我们把这些 50 岁的心脏的时钟拨回 30 35 岁的心脏。 ”)” 可知,莱文的研究发现了通过有氧运动,中年人的心脏会变得更年轻,故选 A

30 .推理判断题。根据最后一段的 “But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.( 但这项研究的规模很小,需要在更大的人群中重复进行,以确定日常锻炼的哪些方面会产生最大的影响。 )” 可知,妮卡 · 戈德堡博士建议进行进一步的研究。故选 C

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