A

【名师点睛】

现在分词作状语，表示主动和伴随状况；与逻辑主语是主谓关系，或叫主动关系，即现在分词表示的动作

是逻辑主语发出的。现在分词的形式有一般式doing/being done，完成式having done/having been done。

当现在分词表示的动作和主句谓语表示的动作先后发生时，使用现在分词的完成式。

e. g. Having watered the vegetables, the farmer took a short rest.

    Having seen the film twice, he didn’t want to go to the cinema with his wife.

    Having done his homework , the boy began to watch TV.

    I didn’t feel surprised, having expected all this.

    Not having done it right, I tried again.

现在分词作状语，可以转换为一个状语从句。

1)      表示时间时，相当于after, before, when , while等引导的状语从句，现在分词动作发生在主句动作之前或与主句动作同时发生。

Stepping carelessly off the pavement, he was knocked down by the bus.（发生在主句动作之前）

Arriving at the station , he found the train had gone.（之前）

He went out , shutting the door behind him.（之后）

Walking through the park, she saw a flower show .（同时）

Talking a key out of his pocket , he open the door .（一个简短动作一发生，另一个动作紧跟着发生）之前。

Hearing the news , they all jumped with joy.

Be careful when crossing the street.

While waiting for the train, I had a long talk with Jane.

Her husband died in 1999, leaving her with two children .

Lying under the apple tree, Newton was thinking and thinking .

Thinking she must be late, Miss Smith decided to take a taxi.

There are a number of students waiting to be examined.

He refused the offer , saying that this would be too expensive.

The man feel and slipped, getting off the bus.某一动作进行时，发生了另一个短暂动作或结果。

2)      原因（句首）

Being short of money, I applied for the job.

Not seeing John, I can’t tell you what he looks like.

3)      方式，伴随

Singing a pop song in a low voice, he came into the yard.

He stood by the window, watching the children playing.

She stopped as if expecting him to speak.

His parents arrived late for one day, leaving their children being hungry for a whole day.

4)      结果（后置）

She fell, only striking her head against the rock.

He spread a rumor, leading to a great confusion in class.

It rained heavily causing severe flood in that region.

5)      条件

If traveling north, I asked where he was.

6)      让步

knowing all this, they still insisted on paying for the damage.

Many boys , having had few advantages in their youth, have yet great contribution to their country later.

Unless paying by credit card, he pays in cash.

Though understanding no English, he was able to communicate with them.

考点：考查非谓语动词

【答案】B

【名师点睛】

在虚拟语气中，be动词只能用were；虚拟条件句省去连词if时，从句主谓部分倒装：Were/Had/Should+主

语+谓语动词...

e.g. Were I Tom, I would refuse. 如果我是汤姆，我会拒绝。

I will go, should it be necessary. 假若有必要，我会去的。

Had it not been for the bad weather we would have arrived in time. 若不是天气坏，我们就准时到达了。

若条件从句为否定句，否定词not应置于主语之后，而不能与were, should, had 等缩略成Weren’t, Shouldn’t,

Hadn’t置于句首。

考点：考查虚拟语气和倒装

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：考查状语从句。be located in+地点名词，位于/坐落某地，where引导的地点状语从句在此相当

于in some place，故选D。句意：位于丝绸之路交汇处的江苏省将会对“一带一路”的建设做出更大的贡

献。

考点：考查状语从句

【答案】C

【名师点睛】

一、主语从句的主谓一致

单个从句作主语时看做单数，多个从句并列作主语时看做复数。

e. g. What we lack today        steel and concrete.

what从句作主语，如果主句的表语是复数，主句谓语动词用复数，否则用单数。

e. g. What he wants to get are some books.

二、定语从句的主谓一致

1. 一般情况下，关系代词作从句主语时，从句谓语动词应和先行词在数上保持一致。

2. 集体名词作先行词，被视作一个整体时，关系代词用which，从句谓语用单数；被视作若干个体的组合时，用who作关系代词，谓语动词用复数；常见的集体名词有：family, audience, class, club, government, union, staff, team, couple, committee, crow, firm, public, orchestra, company等。

3. 先行词是“one of十复数名词”时，从句谓语动词用复数。

   如果先行词是“the right/ just the/ the only/ the very/ exactly the+one of+复数名词”时，谓语动词用单数。

        4. 强调句型中，形式主语it后总是接单数is/ was；强调主语时，从句谓语动词与被强调主语部分的数保持

          一致。

考点：考查主谓一致

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：考查动词短语辨析。held out坚持；提供机会；伸出手；B. brought out使显现，阐明，出版；

C.picked out使容易看见，找出精心挑选，认出来；D. given out用完，停止运行，分发，发出，公布。句

意：在非洲同医疗队一起工作已经使她表现出了作为医生最好的一面。这里取“使显现”之意，故选B。

考点：考查动词短语辨析