In 1854, Louis Pasteur assumed the duties of a professor at a university in France. Meanwhile, he conducted studies to find out what caused milk and other drinks containing alcohol to become sour. His breakthrough came when he discovered that the souring was caused by bacteria in the liquid. He then developed a process through which the bacteria could be removed by boiling the liquid and then cooling it. This method, called pasteurization in his honor, became widespread.

At that time, silk producers were suffering because the eggs of the worms that made the silk were dying from an unknown disease. Pasteur discovered the bacteria that were killing the eggs and developed a method to kill the germs.

Pasteur next turned his attention to rabies, a deadly disease that animals transferred to humans. Many people thought Pasteur was wasting his time, but Pasteur ignored their doubts and continued his efforts to find a cure for rabies. One of his patients was a sick boy, whose mother had turned to Pasteur for help. Pasteur told the mother that he had invented a vaccine that was strong enough to kill the invisible enemy. He said that he would use a needle to inject the vaccine into the boy. The vaccine would then fight the germs, just like a soldier fights in a war.

That boy was the first person to receive the vaccine, and the treatment was a success. After that, no one had to be afraid of rabies anymore. People who had laughed at him before, now respected him. Pasteur had believed in himself and had not given up. He had won the battle with the enemy.

21. Pasteur helped the ________ industry with the method named after him.

   A. construction                           B. energy                           C. beer                       D. service

22. Why does Pasteur compare his rabies treatment with soldiers?

   A. To encourage people to pity the man.                      

B. To imply that the vaccine was strong.

   C. To express his feelings about wars.                         

D. To show that the germs could be useful.

23. What does the passage mainly talk about?

   A. The teaching techniques that Pasteur employed.

   B. Pasteur’s interest in a key manufacturing process.

   C. Pasteur’s psychological issues and their treatment.

   D. The advances that Pasteur achieved in his field.

If you ever imagined walking on a footbridge which is hanging high up in the sky and taking in the views of mountains and the sea below, you can actually realize that dream in Langkawi. The bridge, part of the master plan of Mount Mat Cincang Geo Park, has been designed and constructed to give you an experience which would otherwise be impossible to attain. It is a suspended (悬挂的) bridge made of steel and supported by a single pylon (桥塔) in the middle, which is a tall tower and keeps the bridge suspended in an open space. You need to take the cable car ride from Oriental Village in Pantai Kok area, go up to the top station and then access the bridge through a set of stairs. That is the only way you can reach the bridge.

Some facts about Langkawi Sky Bridge

l       Total length of the bridge is 125 meters;

l       Height of the pylon is 82 meters;

l       The pylon is grounded at a height of 605 meters above sea level;

l       The bridge holds a maximum of 200 persons at a time;

l       The area of the bridge is 500 square meters.

Open Hours & Entry Fee

l       The bridge is open from 10 am to 5 pm daily.

l       Entry: RM5 for adults and RM3 for child. This is separate from the cable car ride.

Tips

l       If it’s cloudy, you won’t get any view. So see from the base (Oriental Village) if there are any clouds before you buy your tickets.

l       There can be a long queue at the cable car ticketing counter. The total waiting time can be well over an hour so go early before the counter opens.

Contact

l       Phone: 604 959 4225

24. What can we learn from the text about Langkawi Sky Bridge?

   A. Its tickets can be bought online.                               B. Tourists can visit it during the evening.

   C. Tourists can reach it only by the cable car.               D. It can hold 200 persons at most every day.

25. What is the main function of the pylon?

   A. To support the bridge.                                               B. To attract the tourists.

   C. To connect the cable car.                                          D. To decorate the bridge.

26. What is the height of Langkawi Sky Bridge?

   A. 125 meters above sea level.                                     B. 687 meters above sea level.

   C. 605 meters above sea level.                                     D. 812 meters above sea level.

27. Where does this text probably come from?

   A. A science textbook.                                             B. A news report.

   C. A museum guide.                                                       D. A tourist brochure.

In May, high school seniors all around the U.S. scramble (争抢) to get ready for prom. Prom, short for promenade, is a formal dance held by a high school before graduation. It’s an important aspect of American school culture because it’s the last high-school dance seniors will ever attend.

Prom involves countless traditions. First a guy must ask a girl to go to prom with him. Most guys choose to do special prom invitations in hopes of winning the girl’s heart with their creativity. Then they will rent a suit or tuxedo, and the girl will shop for an impressive dress. On the day of prom, girls will often get their hair, nails and makeup done professionally. That night couples will take pictures, and then they will often take a limousine (加长型礼车) to dinner and to the dance. Several reports state that parents can spend up to $2,000 to give their kids the perfect prom experience.

The history of prom can date back to the last half of the 1800s. At that time, American universities and colleges organized dances each year for their graduating students. The purpose was not only to entertain the students but also to prepare them for the wider world by teaching them proper manners for men and women.

Later, high schools took over the prom tradition. In the 1950s, high schools began moving the dance from their gyms to beautiful hotels or country clubs to make the event even more special. Perhaps the most amazing prom took place in 1975, when Susan Ford, the daughter of the country’s president, received permission to hold her high school’s prom at the White House. So far, no other prom has managed to top that.

28. What do guys try to do with their invitations?

   A. To be conventional.                                         B. To be demanding.

   C. To be adequate.                                                     D. To be imaginative.

29. According to the passage, the participants in prom mainly pay attention to their ________.

   A. appearances                   B. possessions               C. transportation                D. photographs

30. What were people supposed to learn from prom at one time?

   A. What fashionable clothes to wear.            B. How to behave around others.

   C. How to earn a great degree.                           D. How to hold a special event.

31. What can be a suitable title for the passage?

   A. Prom’s Unusual Atmosphere                       B. Prom’s Present and Future

   C. Prom’s Educational Benefits                       D. Prom’s Customs and Roots

       Educating Psyche by Bernie Neville is a book which looks at new approaches to learning. One theory discussed in the book is developed by Georgi Lozanov, which stressed the power of suggestion. His technique is based on evidence that the connections made in the brain through unconscious processing last longer than those made through conscious processing. Our experience provides evidence for it. If we think of a book we studied months or years ago, we will find it easier to remember peripheral details—the color, the book cover, the table at the library we sat while studying it—than the content on which we were concentrating. If we think of a lecture we listened to attentively, we will remember the lecturer’s appearance and behaviors, or the computer breakdown, much more easily than the ideas we went to learn. The details of the content of the lecture, however, seem to have gone forever.

       Lozanov therefore made indirect instruction central to his teaching system. In suggestopedia, as he called his method, consciousness is moved away from the curriculum to stress something peripheral.

       The suggestopedic approach to foreign language learning provides a good example. In one of his experiments, the students are listening to classical, jazz and other music when the teacher reads the text slowly or in a normal speaking voice. During the whole experiment, the students have their books closed and their attention is negative; they listen to the music but make no attempt to learn the material.

       Some hours later, there is a follow-up class at which the students are asked to recall the material presented. The students do not fix their attention on trying to remember the vocabulary, but on using the language to communicate (e.g. through games).

       The results of the experiment show that compared with conventional teaching, students can regularly learn 1,000 words of foreign language during a suggestopedic class, as well as grammar and idiom.

While suggestopedia has proven its advantage, fewer teachers use it. For one thing, the students have not developed the appropriate mindset. They are often not motivated to learn through the method. They do not have enough “faith”. They do not see it as “real teaching”, especially as it does not seem to involve the “work” that they believe is essential to learning.

32. What does the underlined word “peripheral” mean in the passage?

   A. Less important.                                                        B. Less controversial.             

   C. Less active.                                                      D. Less harmonious.

33. The author mentions reading a book and listening to a lecture in order to ________.

   A. share his life experience                                    B. introduce the text’s topic

   C. explain Lozanov’s theory                                    D. attract readers’ interest

34. According to suggestopedia, teachers should help students to ________.

   A. control their consciousness                                       B. appreciate different kinds of music

   C. memorize the details of materials                              D. become motivated learners

35. What’s the similarity between the two classes mentioned in the third and fourth paragraphs?

   A. They both involve games.                                         B. The teachers teach indirectly.

   C. They both need no textbooks.                                  D. The students enjoy them greatly.

What Happened to British Biscuits?

       In a busy world, you may hope to find unique comfort in a cup of tea and a few biscuits.   36 

       According to sales analyst Kantar Worldpanel, £25.7m has been wiped off the annual sales of everyday biscuits. The nation is turning its back on traditional chocolate-covered biscuits.

       We have urged one another: if you like a lot of chocolate on your biscuit, join us.   37   They want healthier alternatives, such as Belvita cookies, made with whole grains and berries.

       OK, you may unwillingly respect someone who changes their favorite biscuit brand in the name of health.  38   

       The British biscuit industry must launch a fightback in case we forget the art of splitting a custard cream (奶油双层夹心饼干) and carefully licking off the fondant (方旦糖) before eating the remaining half.

You can help in this fightback, too. We proud dunkers, who put the biscuit quickly into liquid before eating it, must be open and frank, in order to maintain the ancient traditions and dunking techniques for future generations.   39   Explain how a ginger biscuit (姜味饼干) is transformed by being dipped in tea or talk with a classmate about the pleasure of the fully-dunked chocolate biscuits.

It is too easy in 2017 for right-thinking people to feel hopeless.   40   Be the change you want to see. Buy a pocket of Rich Tea.

A. But the news that Oreo’s UK sales have risen by £12m is more difficult to digest.

B. In the school, share the joy of dunking.

C. Get out there.

D. However, it seems that you are increasingly out of step with the habits of your British fellows.

E. In a world where McVitie’s chocolate biscuits exist, it’s shocking that people are being attracted by Oreo.

F. And more and more people will say no to the chocolate-covered biscuits.

G. In 20 years, will people need to Google “dunking”?