Public Speaking
Public speaking can be defined as the act of making a speech in front of a group of listeners.
The types of public speaking are deliberately structured with three general purposes: to inform, to persuade and to entertain the audience. An informative speech has a purpose to inform, or give knowledge to its audience. __1__ For persuasive speech, the speaker would try to change the mindset, perception, or behavior of the audience for their own good. Thus, the speaker needs to look for common ground with the audience and try to relate to what they might agree on. The last type is a ceremonial speech. It tends to be less formal and more personal than the other types of speeches. No matter how well you know the person you are giving speech to, try not to say bad things about them, even if it is meant to be a joke.
__2__ Sparing some time to practice will help build confidence and help determine how long the presentation will last. Aside from it, knowing who the audience will be is quite necessary. Try to get as much information as possible regarding this particular area related to the audience. Knowing the “battlefield\” in advance will give the speakers a huge advantage.
Language is the main aspect a speaker needs to pay attention to while giving a speech. __3__ A speaker needs to choose their words carefully and make it clear to the audience what they mean. Often, when given a speech, the audience look to the speaker to give them something new and useful. __4__ Language and delivery (演讲方式) alone will not be sufficient if the speaker does not have the body language. The movement and gesture of a speaker also affect the audience. While closing the speech or presentation, speakers can restate their main points, just to remind the audience of the important things that have been said. __5__
A．It needs to be used clearly.
B．These speeches mark special occasions.
C．The important thing to watch about is not to put in too much information.
D．The key of perfecting anything is through practice, including public speaking.
E．They can also end it with a special message and encourage the audience to ask questions.
F．Knowing how public speaking is done is a key part in understanding the importance of it.
G．Thus, the speaker needs to know how to deliver their speech to fulfill the audience's expectation.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了公共演讲的几个类型以及做好演讲所需注意的事项。
1．C 从结构上看，第二段首先介绍了公共演讲的三种目的；接下来对这三种目的分别介绍了其对应的演讲类型以及注意事项，设空处位于介绍informative speech这种类型之后，应是说明它的注意事项，故C项表述“不要输入太多的信息”符合语境。其中information是关键提示词。
2．D 本段讲述了公共演讲的两个注意事项。下文“Aside from it ... is quite necessary.”讲的是第二个注意事项：要提前了解观众是谁。接着进一步阐述了注意事项。设空后讲的是多加练习对于演讲的好处，由此可推知，设空处应是第一个注意事项，并且与设空后一句中的“practice”相呼应，故选D。
3．A 设空前一句是说语言是演讲中需注意的主要方面。设空处应是对其进行进一步的说明，关键词是Language，A项中的It可推知指的就是Language，且根据设空后的“make it clear to the audience”可知，A项“它(语言)需要使用得很清楚”符合语境。
4．G 设空前讲的是观众期待演讲者能给他们新的有用的东西，故G项“因此，演讲者需要了解如何发表他们的演讲来满足观众的期待”与设空前一句构成逻辑上的因果关系，所以答案是G。
5．E 设空前讲的是演讲者可以重申要点，提醒观众所讲的重要事情来结束演讲，设空处应是叙述另一种结束方式，故E项符合语境。
—Good afternoon. My name is Peter. I’m the general manager of the personnel department. I’ll be interviewing you. Please sit down.
— 61 , Peter. My name’s Jon. Jon Smash.
—Well, Jon, it’s a pleasure to meet you. 62 .
—I’ve been a manager at Nike for over three years. I won manager of the year award two years ago, and I got promoted last August.
—OK. Tell me about yourself…your personality.
— 63 . I think before I act, and if something goes wrong in our company I always remain calm. I never scream at my employees. And I’ve never lost my temper.
— 64 ?
—I think I’m good at solving problems. 65 . I also love challenges. I work well under pressure. When my boss pushes me to finish a project early I always get it done and never complain.
—Jon, you seem like a very good manager. I like your ambition. You’re very confident and motivated. We like that here at Microsoft. Well, our interview is over……
| A. I’m glad it’s you who will offer me the opportunity to get the job B. I enjoy approaching problems directly C. Nice to meet you D. What are your strengths E. I owe my success to my employees F. Tell me about your work experience G. I think I’m very level-headed |
61. _______ 62. _______ 63. _______ 64. _______ 65. _______