There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) 26． a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 27．(effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.
Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 28．(process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 29．(remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 30． result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 31．(bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 32．(be) full of fat and salt; by 33．(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 34．(care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 35． is not good for the health.
26．as
27．effects
28．to process
29．are removed
30．a
31．worse
32．is
33．eating
34．careful
35．which
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了最近，食品服务行业出现了降低脂肪含量和减少盐的趋势，这产生了一些意想不到的副作用。文章告诉我们要保持健康，就不要走极端，要吃适量的盐和含脂肪的食物。
26．考查介词。句意：这一趋势最初始于医学界作为一种对抗心脏病的方法。as表示“作为，以…… 身份”，故填as。
27．考查名词的单复数。分析语境可知，作者表达的意思是“一些不为人知的副作用”，根据前文的some可知，所以要用effect的复数形式。故填effects。
28．考查不定式。句意：他们被要求加工食物。require表示“要求”，require sb. to do sth.表示“要求某人做某事”，被动形式为“sb. be required to do sth.”(某人被要求做某事)。故填to process。
29．考查被动语态。句意：当脂肪和盐分从食物中被去掉。分析可知fat，salt和move之间是被动关系，脂肪和盐分是两种东西，且是被人们去掉，所以用被动语态。故填are removed。
30．考查固定短语。句意：结果，人们将吃更多的食物去弥补损失的东西。固定短语as a result表示“结果”。故填a。
31．考查比较级。句意：更糟糕的是，人们所吃快餐的数量增加了。even修饰比较级。故填worse。
32．考查主谓一致。句意：快餐食物中满是脂肪和盐。fast food的意思是“快餐”，表示一类食物，为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。
33．考查动名词。句意：通过吃更多的快餐，人们将在饮食中摄入超过需求量的脂肪和盐。by为介词，后接名词、动名词作宾语，故填eating。
34．考查形容词。句意：然而，注意不要走极端。分析语境可知，be后面应该用形容词作表语，故填careful。
35．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐，那对健康没有好处。分析可知，___is not good for the health为非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的整句话，在定语从句中作主语。所以用关系代词which。故填which。
请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
School lunches in Japan
Japan manages a rare achievement for a developed country when it comes to feeding its children — high scores for nutrition but very low obesity rates. One major key? School lunches.
A landmark report by the UN's children agency UNICEF released Tuesday shows Japan topping the charts for childhood health indicators, with low rates of infant mortality and few underweight children.
Experts say there are various factors at work, including a health-conscious society and regularly check-ups for children required by law, but a nationwide school lunch program also plays a key role.
"School lunches with menus that are created by nutritionists are provided to all primary schools and the majority of junior high schools throughout Japan,," Mitsuhiko Hara, a pediatrician and professor at Tokyo Kasei Gakuin University, told AFP.
The lunches are mandatory — no packed lunches allowed — and while they are not free for most, they are heavily subsidized 补助）.Each meal is designed to have around 600-700 calories balanced between carbohydrates, meat or fish and vegetables.
"School lunch is designed to provide nutrition that tends to be lacking in meals at home," Education Ministry official Mayumi Ueda told AFP. "I think it contributes to the nutritional balance necessary for children."
Unlike the cafeteria system operated in some Western countries, Japanese school lunches are usually served in the classroom. Pupils frequently dish out the food to each other and clean up the room afterwards. There is no choice of meal, and no concessions offered for vegetarians, or anyone with religious restrictions.
The lunches are intended not only to feed children, but to teach them. "There's also a daily broadcast at school to explain the nutritional elements contained in the school lunch of the day, and this is a good way to educate kids,” Hara said.
"School lunch is positioned as part of education under the law,'? Ueda said. "It's not just about eating food, but children learn to serve, and clean up on their own?"
The Japanese government studies nutrition and eating habits in Japan annually, and uses the results to shape what goes into the school meals, she added.
And there are other factors at work, Hara acknowledged. "Because many Japanese are health-conscious, they try to eat a variety of food, which is good," he said. "And we're taught to eat seasonal food, which also contributes to good health. Japan is one of the rare countries that pay so much attention to food that is associated with specific seasons," he added.
Hara said another factor in Japan is regularly mandated childcare health checks. Parents of infants receive reminders from the local government, and children are given health checks at school, including measuring height and weight.
Still, even Japan has not escaped entirely the growing trend toward overweight children and childhood obesity, which in Japan, like elsewhere, tends to affect those from less wealthy families.
"Children in poverty are more likely to be overweight because families try to cut costs," Hara said. "As a result, they eat less protein but consume more carbs and sugar, which leads to obesity."
School lunches are all the more important to children in such situations, he said.
| School lunches in Japan | ||
| Introduction | As is reported by the UNICEF. Japan 51． high in childhood health: A social awareness of health, regular and 52． check-ups for children and a nationwide school lunch program are main 53． | |
| Details of school lunches | Regarding health | • Menus created by nutritionists and 54． annually by government • Meals 55． innutrition • Food of great 56． and seasonal food • Official reminders of childcare health checks |
| Regarding57． | The lunches are intended to improve • students' service consciousness and 58．. • students' knowledge of nutritional elements. | |
| Problems to be solved | 59． of less protein but more carbs and sugar in 60． families leads to the increasing number of overweight children in Japan. | |