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1.

According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 46(long) than non-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long47(see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 48 (die) early by running. While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it 49 (be) more effective at lengthening life50 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 201451showed a mere five to 10 minutes A day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 52(cause).

The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise…  it's probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to53(strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always54(energy).If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give55a try.

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【答案】

46longer

47to see

48dying

49is

50than

51that \which

52causes

53strengthen

54energetic

55it \running

【分析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了跑步的好处,它可以帮助人们减少疾病发生,延年益寿。

46考查副词的比较级。医学报告显示:经常跑步的人比不跑步的人多活3年。根据than可知用比较级,故填longer。

47考查不定式作目的状语。你不必跑的太快或时间太长就能看到它的好处。此处不定式作目的状语,故填to see。

48考查动名词。你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重,但仍然通过跑步会减少早亡的风险。此处of是介词,其后用动名词。故填dying。

49考查动词的时态。医学报告显示:跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。这里叙述的是一个事实,故用一般现在时。故填is。

50考查比较句型。跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。根据文章中的more effective可知,此处填than。

51考查定语从句的关系词。此处a study是先行词,其在定语从句中作主语,故填thatwhich。

52考查名词复数。一项研究表明,仅仅每天510分钟的跑步,就能减少各种原因的心脏病和早亡。空格处做from的宾语,前面有all可知,要用名词复数形式。故填causes。

53考查词形变化。锻炼以增强你腿上的肌肉。此处to是不定式符号,其后用动词原形。故填strengthen。

54考查词形变化。跑步总是让人充满活力的。根据it’s可知,系动词后用形容词作表语。故填energetic。

55考查代词或名词的用法。我们都应该试试跑步。此处give it a try意为:试试。此处it可以指running。故填itrunning。

点睛:本文比较难的一个题是10题。短语give it a try不容易想出来。give a try试试。give sb sth;give sth to sb这些短语学生都很清楚。但give后加itsth的形式,比较少见。高考复习要尽可能多的复习相关的短语,尤其是用的比较多,而课本中出现较少的短语。

=
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1.

    Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.

Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.

Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.

However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.

As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice.

199Why are race walkers conditioned athletes?

AThey must run long distances.

BThey are qualified for the marathon.

CThey have to follow special rules.

DThey are good at swinging their legs.

200What advantage does race walking have over running?

AIt’s more popular at the Olympics.

BIt’s less challenging physically.

CIt’s more effective in body building.

DIt’s less likely to cause knee injuries.

201What is Dr. Norberg’s suggestion for someone trying race walking?

AGetting experts’ opinions.

BHaving a medical checkup.

CHiring an experienced coach.

DDoing regular exercises.

202Which word best describes the author’s attitude to race walking?

ASkeptical.                                                 BObjective.

CTolerant.                                                   DConservative.

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1.

    Making beers on the moon might seem like a pipe dream to many, but for a group of students from the University of California at San Diego, there is a chance to take their research beyond Earth’s surface.

The Lab2Moon competition, held by TeamIndus, is offering students the chance to secure a spot on the TeamIndus rocket this year.

Taking craft beer to the next level, the students want to test whether it’s possible for yeast(酵母) to work and create beer on the moon. However, they believe the experiment is not just a creative concept for astronauts, it’s also important for the development of drugs and yeast-containing food, like bread.

“The idea started out with a few laughs among a group of friends,” said Neeki Ashari, a fifth-year bioengineering students at UC San Diego. “We all appreciate the craft beer. When we heard that there was an opportunity to design an experiment that would go up on India’s moonlander, w e thought we could combine our hobby with the competition by focusing on the practicality of yeast in outer space.”

The preparation work for the beer — up to the stage of adding yeast — will all be done on Earth, and rather than separating the fermentation ( 发酵) and carbonation stage of making beer, the team plans to combine them.

This removes the need to release CO2 accumulated in the process, which may result in cleanliness and safety issues out in space.

If selected, Team Original Gravity will be the first to make beer in outer space, and the fermentation will take place in a container no bigger than a soda can.

All teams competing for the place will showcase their ideas in Bangalore, India, in March.

Sadly, you won’t be enjoying moon beer in your local craft beer bar anytime soon, as no samples will be brought back. However, this small experiment could provide important data on just how practical it is for us to make and create our own resources on other planets and moons by learning how consumables (消耗品) behave in different environments.

100How did the students feel when they got the chance to design the experiment ?

AExcited.                                                    BNervous.

CConfident.                                                 DCasual.

101What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 6 refer to?

AThe mixing of two stages.                           BAdding yeast on Earth.

CThe preparation work on Earth.                   DFermentation and carbonation.

102What can we learn about the experiment from the passage?

AIt has been designed based on similar experiments.

BIt’s quite competitive compared with other designs.

CIt’s design has already been approved by TeamIndus.

DIts process was adapted to make it safer and greener.

103What does the author think of the students ’ idea?

AIt seems like a pipe dream.                          BIt’s extremely complicated.

CIt’s meaningful and hopeful.                        DIt’s creative but impractical.

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1.

    Along with soccer, basketball is a global sport. As you read this. young people somewhere in the world are happily passing, dribbling(运球) and shooting. It’s enormous fun and a joyful way to spend time with others.

Basketball is a game for everyone. Unlike golf or tennis. it doesn't require great wealth or a lot of space to play. After all, not many people have a golf course-sized backyard. and tennis equipment is expensive. Basketball, by contrast, just needs a wall with a hoop and a ball.

So after its invention by Canadian-American physical educator James Naismith in 1891, the sport took off within US citizens, who quickly became attracted to the game because it suited their circumstances. Today, 127 years later, basketball remains one of the most popular sports in the US, and the National Basketball Association (NBA)has an increasing appeal for fans around the world.

The success of basketball as global phenomenon is undoubtedly related to the way African-Americans play the game.” The basketball court reflected some of the major cultural shifts in America, such as from forbidding African-Americans to play basketball to allowing them to play in the NBA, "the LIVESTRONG website noted.

From the 1950s onwards, segregation rules, which had prohibited African-Americans from playing basketball in NBA games, were no longer used in the US. In 1950, when Earl Lloyd started to play for the Washington Capitols, things began to change. Since then, most of the greats of the game have been African-Americans, like Michael Jordan, Magic Johnson, Kobe Bryant and LeBron James.

It's not difficult to see that there's a strong link between political liberation and basketball. Something of this is expressed in a quote from the US author John Edgar Wideman. He makes a connection between basketball and hope:" When it's' played the way it's supposed to be played. basketball happens in the air; flying, floating, raised above the floor, letting the oppressed(受压制的) people of this earth imagine themselves in their dreams.”

93What advantage does basketball have over golf or tennis, according to the author?

AIt can be played everywhere.

BIt doesn't cost much.

CIt doesn't require too much skill.

DIt interests almost everyone.

94What can we learn about basketball from Paragraph 3?

AThe sport was created by a PE teacher.

BThe sport was not popular with people at first.

CIts rules have been changed a lot to suit new circumstances.

DThe NBA.with a history of 127 Years. attracts people worldwide

95The main purpose of Paragraph 5 is to             .

Aexplain the origin and rules of NBA games in the 1950s

Bprove the popularity of basketball among African-Americans

Cstress the success African-Americans in basketball

Dshow how racial integration took place in basketball

96What do John Edgar Wideman's words mean?

ABasketball is sometimes a useful tool for politicians.

BAmerican people usually have a basketball dream.

CBasketball stands for the freedom and hopes of people.

DPolitical oppression is a serious problem in the US.

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1.

Nowadays, video gaming has made impressive gains in the field of standardized competition. One of the fashionable debates is whether competitive video games are sports or not. If cyberathletes are competing against formal teams in a formal environment, with real titles and monetary stakes on the line, it seems strange not to consider the activity a sport. However, unless something technologically odd gains complete control over our world in the next few decades, they never should be. Cyberathletes and eSports aren’t incomparable to traditional athletes and sports because they require less physical exertion or dedication. They are incomparable because they are different from traditional sports in a number of ways.

Traditional sports are steadfast, and consistent in their structures and mechanics. A professional American football player from any past decade could be transplanted into a current football field, and would only have to be told of a few minor rule changes. The player would know what to do, where to go, and how to accomplish the ultimate goal. He may need to learn a few new plays, but it’s fundamentally the same game. However, competitive video gaming has a variety of goals, and those goals are fluid and dynamic. A competitive video gamer from decades past might be aware of the final goal (winning the game, capturing the flag, eliminating the opposing team, etc.), but the execution ( 执行方式 ) would be completely foreign . Controls change, maps change, locations change, even the minute rules are adjusted on a regular basis. As a competitive video gamer, one needs to adapt to a much more aggressive ruleset than most sports or other games. Therefore the video game competitions are less likely to be properly regulated.

Most traditional sports are approachable by Everyman, even the esoteric( 深奥的 ) ones, at least in an educational setting, where budgets and funding are set for them. While home computers are widely accessible, a large percentage of the gaming population is unable to participate in competitive gaming due to the high-standard computing requirements. Even decade-old competitive games like Counter-Strike 1.6 require more equipment and gear than most traditional sports. A pick-up game of basketball, football, or soccer is far more accessible than a pick-up game of Counter-Strike .

Traditional sports are embedded in our culture for good reasons: they offer an entertaining diversion and a great form of physical activity for millions of worldwide fans. The principles and lessons gleaned from traditional sports emphasize teamwork, collaboration, and critical evaluations of any given game setting. While many of these lessons are applicable to competitive gaming, competitive video gamers are still distancing themselves from competing for “sport” status, when their pastime and trade is so fundamentally different and ever-changing at such a regular pace.

1 What is the author’s opinion towards competitive video games?

A They can be seen as sports due to their emphasis on teamwork.

B They can be seen as sports due to their standardized regulations.

C They can not be seen as sports due to their lack of physical and mental efforts.

D They can not be seen as sports due to the inconsistent rules and high requirements.

2 What does the underlined word “foreign” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A Difficult. B Common. C Typical. D Different.

3 Why does the author mention Counter-Strike in Paragraph 3?

A To explain the reason why eSports surpass traditional sports.

B To explore the possibility that competitive video games will be sports.

C To provide an example of the difference between eSports and traditional sports.

D To account for the fact that the competitive features of video games are impressive.

4 How does the author develop his idea?

A By quoting and citing.

B By listing and analyzing.

C By comparison and contrast.

D By explaining and evaluating.

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