Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Do you know how122．is when you see someone yawn and you start yawning too? Or how hard it is to be among people laughing and not laugh yourself? Well, apparently it’s because we have mirror neurons （神经元）in our brains.
123．(put) simply, the existence of mirror neurons suggests that 124． we see someone else do something, our brains imitate it, whether or not we actually perform the same action. This explains a great deal about 125． we learn to smile, talk, walk, dance or play sports. But the idea goes 126．(far)：mirror neurons not only appear to explain physical actions, they also tell us that there is a biological basis for the way we understand other people.
Mirror neurons can undoubtedly be found all over our brains, but especially in the areas which relate to our ability to use languages, and to understand how other people feel. Recently, researchers 127．(find) that mirror neurons relate strongly to language. A group of researchers discovered that 128． they gave people sentences to listen to (for example: “The hand took hold of the ball”), the same mirror neurons were triggered 129． when the action was actually performed (in this example, actually taking hold of a ball).
Any problems with mirror neurons may well result in problems with behavior. Much research suggests that people with social and behavioral problems have mirror neurons which are not fully 130．(function). However, it is not yet known exactly how these discoveries might help find treatments for social disorders．
Research does mirror that neurons seems to provide us with even more information concerning how humans behave and interact. Indeed, it may turn out to be the equivalent for neuroscience of what Einstein’s theory of relativity was for physics. And the next time you feel the urge 131．(cough) in the cinema when someone else does-well, perhaps you’ll understand why．
122．it
123．Put
124．every time/each time
125．how
126．further
127．have found
128．if/when
129．as
130．functioning
131．to cough
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。我们大脑中含有的神经元不仅让我们跟着别人的动作做，它也为我们理解他人提供了生物学基础。
122．考查it作形式主语。句意：你知道当你看到别人打哈欠，你自己也开始打哈欠是如何发生的吗？这是一个宾语从句，从句部分又是一个主语从句，从句缺主语，且主语为when you see someone yawn and you start yawning too，应用it来代替。故填it。
123．考查过去分词作状语。句意：简而言之，神经元的存在意味着，每次我们看到别人做一件事情，我们的大脑会模仿它，无论我们实际上有没有进行这样的动作。“put simply”意为“简而言之”，是固定搭配，由于是道理被简单地说，所以应使用过去分词形式表达被动意义。故填Put。
124．考查状语从句的连词。句意同上。这是一个时间状语从句。“每次”翻译为“every time/each time”，引导时间状语从句，故填every time/each time。
125．考查宾语从句。句意：这能够很好地解释我们如何学习笑、说话、走路、跳舞与运动。“This”指代的是上一句话，解释的是我们学习的方式，故此处宾语从句填从属连词how。
126．考查副词比较级。句意：但是这个想法可以解释地更深远：神经元不仅能解释身体动作，它们还能告诉我们我们理解别人是有生理基础的。从not only…but also…可知，这句话是递进关系，所以是对神经元意义的进一步挖掘。且空格处单词修饰动词goes，所以用副词的比较级形式。故填further。
127．考查现在完成时。句意：最近，研究者已经发现神经元与语言密切相关。由Recently可知，这句话使用现在完成时。主语researchers为名词的复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。故填have found。
128．考查状语从句连接词。句意：一组研究者发现当（如果）他们给人们听一些句子的时候，同样的镜面神经元被触发，如同实际动作发生时一样。由两个括弧内的注释可知，这是将两种情形进行对比。所以空格处单词与后半句中的when是并列关系，提出一个条件可以用时间状语从句也可以用条件状语从句，故填if/when。
129．考查定语从句。句意同上。the same...as与......一样，是固定搭配，as翻译为“如同”，引导定语从句，修饰the same mirror neurons，故填as。
130．考查现在进行时。句意：很多研究指出有社会行为问题的人的神经元没有正常运行。这是一个定语从句，从句的主语mirror neurons与谓语动词function之间是主动关系，故填functioning。
131．考查不定式做宾补。句意：下次在电影院，当你看到别人咳嗽你也想咳嗽的时候，也许你就能理解为什么了。“the urge to do sth.”为动词短语，表示“做……的欲望”。故填to cough。