Old Bernard Baruch.81 years old, is still ambitious. His only reference to the past was that, with great pride in eyes. he 1 to rank first in shooting. What makes this man still 2 ? The answer is his strong 3 to keep being productive.
Two of the hardest things to 4 in this world are to get wealth by honest efforts and, having gained it, to learn how to use it in a proper way. Recently I walked into the locker room( 休息室 )of a well-known golf club. A dozen middle-aged men were seated at tables drinking heavily and talking 5 . Day after day these same men hung out there and each of them had been a man of affairs and wealth, 6 in business and respected in society. However, it seemed that they are too content to be aggressive. They knew that their productivity had 7 gradually. When a fruit tree doesn’t bear its fruit, it is dying. In this way it resembles( 类似 )man.
What is the 8 of a long and happy existence in the world? I think I found it long ago in a passage. The words were few, but had a lasting 9 on me: "In the sweat of the face shall you eat the bread." The words have been and will always be a great 10 to me. At the end of the road I want to feel that I have fought a good fight and lived to the full.
1 ． A ． managed B ． seemed C ． expected D ． meant
2 ． A ． careful B ． innocent C ． energetic D ． normal
3 ． A ． reason B ． duty C ． action D ． desire
4 ． A ． receive B ． achieve C ． throw D ． refuse
5 ． A ． aimlessly B ． helplessly C ． fearlessly D ． hopelessly
6 ． A ． interested B ． strict C ． successful D ． absorbed
7 ． A ． disappointed B ． changed C ． improved D ． increased
8 ． A ． trend B ． idea C ． sense D ． secret
9 ． A ． mood B ． influence C ． impression D ． focus
10 ． A ． honor B ． comfort C ． approach D ． inspiration
1 ． A
2 ． C
3 ． D
4 ． B
5 ． A
6 ． C
7 ． A
8 ． D
9 ． B
10 ． D
【分析】
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章作者举例 Bernard Baruch 在晚年时期仍那么上进，让作者明白了一个人无论何时何地都得有进取心，只有通过自己的不懈努力，才能有意义地生存在这个世界上。
1 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他设法成为射击第一名。 A. managed 管理； B. seemed 看起来； C. expected 期望； D. meant 意味着。根据 “His only reference to the past was that, with great pride in eyes.” 可知， 81 岁老人 Bernard Baruch 设法在射击方面排名第一。故选 A 。
2 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：是什么让这个人依然精力充沛 ? A. careful 仔细的； B. innocent 无辜的； C. energetic 精力充沛的； D. normal 正常的。根据 “The answer is his strong ___3___ to keep being productive.” 可知，为什么 Bernard Baruch 现在 81 岁了还这么精力充沛。故选 C 。
3 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：答案是他渴望保持高效率。 A. reason 原因； B. duty 责任； C. action 行动； D. desire 要求。根据 “to keep being productive.” 可知，他精力充沛是因为他想要一直保持高效率的强烈要求。故选 D 。
4 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个世界上最难实现的两件事，一是通过诚实的努力获得财富，二是获得财富后，要学会如何正确地使用财富。 A. receive 接受； B. achieve 获得； C. throw 扔； D. refuse 拒绝。根据 “in this world are to get wealth by honest efforts and, having gained it, to learn how to use it in a proper way.” 可知，这两件事是世界上最难实现的。故选 B 。
5 ．考查副词词义辨析。句意：十几个中年男人坐在桌边，豪饮，漫无目的地说着话。 A. aimlessly 无目的地； B. helplessly 无助地； C. fearlessly 勇敢地； D. hopelessly 绝望地。根据 “A dozen middle-aged men were seated at tables drinking heavily” 可知，这些中年男人漫无目的地说着话。故选 A 。
6 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些人日复一日地在那里闲逛，每个人都是有事业和财富的人，在商业上成功，在社会上受人尊敬。 A. interested 感兴趣的； B. strict 严格的； C. successful 成功的； D. absorbed 全神贯注的。根据 “and respected in society.” 可知，这些人在商业上很成功。故选 C 。
7 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们知道他们的生产力逐渐失望了。 A. disappointed 失望； B. changed 改变； C. improved 提高； D. increased 增加。根据 “When a fruit tree doesn’t bear its fruit, it is dying. In this way it resembles( 类似 )man.” 可知，他们的生产力在不断地下降，让人感到失望。故选 A 。
8 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这个世界上幸福长寿的秘诀是什么 ?A. trend 趋势； B. idea 想法； C. sense 感觉； D. secret 秘密。根据 “a long and happy existence in the world” 可知，长久又快乐地生存在这个世界上的秘诀。故选 D 。
9 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这句话虽不长，但却对我产生了深远的影响： “ 你要汗流满面才能吃到面包。 ” A. mood 心情； B. influence 影响； C. impression 印象； D. focus 关注。根据 “The words have been and will always be a great 10 to me. ” 可知，这句话对作者产生了深远的影响。故选 B 。
10 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这句话一直并将永远激励着我。 A. honor 荣誉； B. comfort 安慰； C. approach 方法； D. inspiration 灵感。根据 “At the end of the road I want to feel that I have fought a good fight and lived to the full.” 可知，这句话一直并将永远激励着作者。故选 D 。
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。
Feeling extreme loneliness can increase an older person’s risk of premature (过早的)death by 14 percent, according to research by John Cacioppo, professor of psychology at the University of Chicago.
Cacioppo and his colleagues’ work shows that the impact of loneliness on premature death is nearly as strong as the impact of disadvantaged socioeconomic status, which they found increases the chances of dying early by 19 percent. A 2010 meta﹣analysis showed that loneliness has twice as much impact on early death as obesity does, he said.
The researchers looked at dramatic differences in the rate of decline in physical and mental health as people aged. Cacioppo and his colleagues have examined the role of satisfying relationships on older people to develop their resilience ([rɪˈzɪliəns] 快速恢复的能力；适应力), the ability to feel better quickly after something unpleasant, and grow from stresses in life.
The consequences for health are dramatic, as feeling isolated or separated from others can disturb sleep, elevate blood pressure, increase morning rises in the stress hormone cortisol ([‘kɔ:tɪsɒl] 皮质醇), change the gene expression in immune cells, increase depression and lower overall subjective well﹣being, Cacioppo pointed out in a talk, “ Rewarding Social Connections Promote Successful Aging.”
Cacioppo, one of the nation’s leading experts on loneliness, said older people can avoid the consequences of loneliness by staying in touch with former co﹣workers, taking part in family traditions, and sharing good times with family and friends ﹣ all of which give older adults a chance to connect with others about whom they care and who care about them.
”Retiring to Florida to live in a warmer climate among strangers isn’t necessarily a good idea if it means you are disconnected from the people who mean much to you,” said Cacioppo. Population changes make understanding the role of loneliness and health all the more important,he explained. “People have to think about how to protect themselves from depression, low subjective well﹣being and early death. “
Although some people are happy to be alone, most people develop from social situations in which they provide mutual support and establish a strong bond. Evolution encourages people to work together to survive and accordingly most people enjoy companionship compared to be alone.
It is not solitude (独处)or physical isolation itself, but rather the subjective sense of isolation that Cacioppo’s work shows to be so destructive. Older people living alone are not necessarily lonely if they remain actively engaged in social life and enjoy the company of those around them. Some aspects of aging, such as blindness and loss of hearing, however, place people at special risk of becoming isolated and lonely, he said.
| Passage outline | Supporting details |
| The main idea | Chances are that older people will die early if they feel extremely 51．. |
| 52． with loneliness | • Like disadvantaged socioeconomic status and obesity, loneliness can 53． old men’s premature death. • When 54． from others, one will find physical health impacted and tend to feel depressive and unhappy. |
| Suggestions | • Keep in touch with others and take part in 55． activities. • Choosing to live in a pleasant climate don’t necessarily make sense if the elder are disconnected from people who are 56． to them. • Think about how to57． depression, low subjective well﹣being and early death. • Work together with others to 58．, to gain mutual support and establish a strong bond. |
| Conclusions | • The sense of isolation, rather than solitude or physical isolation itself, isn’t 59．to elders. • Living alone doesn’t mean loneliness if older people live an 60． social life. |