Take an Option
Jerry was a natural motivator. He was always in a good mood and always had something 1 to say, which really made me curious. One day I went up to ask him how he did that. “Well, life is all about 2 . It’s your option how you live your life,” Jerry replied.
Soon I moved to another city. Several months later, I heard that Jerry was seriously injured in the chest while skiing. 3 , he was found quickly and rushed to the hospital. After 8 hours of surgery and weeks of intensive care, he was 4 from the hospital.
Later, when we met again, I asked Jerry what had 5 his mind during the accident. “As I lay in the snow, I knew I had two options: One was to live, the other was to die. I chose to live,” Jerry said. “The paramedics ( 急救人员 ) were great. They kept telling me I was going to be fine. But when they 6 me into the emergency room and I saw the expressions on the faces of the doctors, I got really 7 . In their eyes, I read, ‘He’s a dead man.’ I knew I needed to take action. I told them, ‘Operate on me as if I’m alive, not dead.’ You see, I just tried to 8 their confidence.” Finally Jerry lived thanks to the skill of his doctors, but also because of his amazing 9 to live.
Jerry has taught me a lot. I learn from him that every day we have the choice to live fully. Your 1 0 , after all, is everything.
1 ． A ． regular B ． familiar C ． positive D ． typical
2 ． A ． choices B ． trends C ． relations D ． secrets
3 ． A ． Normally B ． Obviously C ． Hopefully D ． Luckily
4 ． A ． preserved B ． released C ． distinguished D ． abandoned
5 ． A ． gone through B ． put up C ． turned in D ． called for
6 ． A ． forced B ． followed C ． wheeled D ． recommended
7 ． A ． bored B ． frightened C ． confused D ． embarrassed
8 ． A ． express B ． share C ． gain D ． inspire
9 ． A ． talent B ． achievement C ． desire D ． evidence
1 0 ． A ． attitude B ． standard C ． ability D ． control
1 ． C
2 ． A
3 ． D
4 ． B
5 ． A
6 ． C
7 ． B
8 ． D
9 ． C
1 0 ． A
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。 “ 我 ” 的朋友杰瑞总是很积极乐观，在一次事故中，杰瑞凭借强烈的求生欲望活了下来并且恢复了健康。 “ 我 ” 从杰瑞身上学到一个道理：选择和态度决定一切。
1 ．考查形容词辨析。句意：他总是心情很好，总是说一些积极的话，这真的让我很好奇。 A.regular 规律的； B.familiar 熟悉的； C.positive 积极的； D.typical 典型的。根据 “He was always in a good mood” 可知，此处是指总是说一些积极的话。故选 C 。
2 ．考查名词辨析。句意：生活就是选择。 A.choices 选择； B.trends 趋势； C.relations 关系； D.secrets 秘密。根据 “It’s your option how you live your life” （如何生活是你自己的选择）可知，此处是指生活就是选择。故选 A 。
3 ．考查副词辨析。句意：幸运的是，他很快被发现并送往医院。 A.Normally 正常地； B.Obviously 明显地； C.Hopefully 有希望地； D.Luckily 幸运地。根据 “he was found quickly and rushed to the hospital” 可知，这件事很幸运。故选 D 。
4 ．考查动词辨析。句意：经过 8 个小时的手术和数周的精心护理，他出院了。 A.preserved 保存； B.released 释放； C.distinguished 区分； D.abandoned 抛弃。根据 “After 8 hours of surgery and weeks of intensive care” 可知，此处是指他出院了。故选 B 。
5 ．考查动词短语辨析。句意：后来，当我们再次见面时，我问杰瑞在事故中他是怎么想的。 A.gone through 通过； B.put up 张贴； C.turned in 交上； D.called for 要求。根据 “As I lay in the snow, I knew I had two options: One was to live, the other was to die.” （当我躺在雪地上时，我知道我有两种选择：一种是活下去，另一种是死。）可知，此处是指 “ 我 ” 问杰瑞在事故中他是怎么想的。故选 A 。
6 ．考查动词辨析。句意：但是当他们把我推进急诊室的时候，我看到了医生们脸上的表情，我真的吓坏了。 A.forced 强迫； B.followed 跟随； C.wheeled 用车推； D.recommended 推荐。根据 “into the emergency room” 可知，此处是指用病床推病人进急诊室。故选 C 。
7 ．考查形容词辨析。句意：但是当他们把我推进急诊室的时候，我看到了医生们脸上的表情，我真的吓坏了。 A.bored 无聊的； B.frightened 害怕的； C.confused 困惑的； D.embarrassed 尴尬的。根据 “He’s a dead man.” （他是个死人）可知，当看到了医生们脸上的表情， “ 我 ” 真的吓坏了。故选 B 。
8 ．考查动词辨析。句意：我只是想激发他们的信心。 A.express 表达； B.share 分享； C.gain 获得； D.inspire 激发。根据 “Operate on me as if I’m alive, not dead.” （把我当活人而不是死人来做手术。）可知，此处是指激发他们的信心。故选 D 。
9 ．考查名词辨析。句意：最后，杰瑞活了下来，这要感谢他的医生的医术，但也因为他惊人的求生欲望。 A.talent 天赋； B.achievement 成就； C.desire 欲望； D.evidence 证据。根据 “Operate on me as if I’m alive, not dead.” （把我当活人而不是死人来做手术。）可知，此处是指他的求生欲望。故选 C 。
1 0 ．考查名词辨析。句意：毕竟，你的态度决定一切。 A.attitude 态度； B.standard 标准； C.ability 能力； D.control 控制。根据 “I learn from him that every day we have the choice to live fully. ” （我从他那里学到了每一天我们都可以选择活得充实。）可知，选择很重要，态度很重要。故选 A 。
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。
Feeling extreme loneliness can increase an older person’s risk of premature (过早的)death by 14 percent, according to research by John Cacioppo, professor of psychology at the University of Chicago.
Cacioppo and his colleagues’ work shows that the impact of loneliness on premature death is nearly as strong as the impact of disadvantaged socioeconomic status, which they found increases the chances of dying early by 19 percent. A 2010 meta﹣analysis showed that loneliness has twice as much impact on early death as obesity does, he said.
The researchers looked at dramatic differences in the rate of decline in physical and mental health as people aged. Cacioppo and his colleagues have examined the role of satisfying relationships on older people to develop their resilience ([rɪˈzɪliəns] 快速恢复的能力；适应力), the ability to feel better quickly after something unpleasant, and grow from stresses in life.
The consequences for health are dramatic, as feeling isolated or separated from others can disturb sleep, elevate blood pressure, increase morning rises in the stress hormone cortisol ([‘kɔ:tɪsɒl] 皮质醇), change the gene expression in immune cells, increase depression and lower overall subjective well﹣being, Cacioppo pointed out in a talk, “ Rewarding Social Connections Promote Successful Aging.”
Cacioppo, one of the nation’s leading experts on loneliness, said older people can avoid the consequences of loneliness by staying in touch with former co﹣workers, taking part in family traditions, and sharing good times with family and friends ﹣ all of which give older adults a chance to connect with others about whom they care and who care about them.
”Retiring to Florida to live in a warmer climate among strangers isn’t necessarily a good idea if it means you are disconnected from the people who mean much to you,” said Cacioppo. Population changes make understanding the role of loneliness and health all the more important,he explained. “People have to think about how to protect themselves from depression, low subjective well﹣being and early death. “
Although some people are happy to be alone, most people develop from social situations in which they provide mutual support and establish a strong bond. Evolution encourages people to work together to survive and accordingly most people enjoy companionship compared to be alone.
It is not solitude (独处)or physical isolation itself, but rather the subjective sense of isolation that Cacioppo’s work shows to be so destructive. Older people living alone are not necessarily lonely if they remain actively engaged in social life and enjoy the company of those around them. Some aspects of aging, such as blindness and loss of hearing, however, place people at special risk of becoming isolated and lonely, he said.
| Passage outline | Supporting details |
| The main idea | Chances are that older people will die early if they feel extremely 51．. |
| 52． with loneliness | • Like disadvantaged socioeconomic status and obesity, loneliness can 53． old men’s premature death. • When 54． from others, one will find physical health impacted and tend to feel depressive and unhappy. |
| Suggestions | • Keep in touch with others and take part in 55． activities. • Choosing to live in a pleasant climate don’t necessarily make sense if the elder are disconnected from people who are 56． to them. • Think about how to57． depression, low subjective well﹣being and early death. • Work together with others to 58．, to gain mutual support and establish a strong bond. |
| Conclusions | • The sense of isolation, rather than solitude or physical isolation itself, isn’t 59．to elders. • Living alone doesn’t mean loneliness if older people live an 60． social life. |