阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
EACH DECEMBER, the Oxford English Dictionary(OED)nominates( 提名 )a word describe the year which had just passed. In 2019, the OED needed two words: climate; emergency. For 2020, there was another kind of emergency-COVID-19- but this time he OED needed forty words to describe it. Yes, 2020 has been a very unusual year that hasn't been easy to describe.
Two of the obvious words the OED has suggested have been “pandemic” and “lockdown”. The former appeared, of course, because COVID-19 has spread around the world, and the latter because the life-threatening disease has brought most of human activity across the globe to a standstill. Businesses have been closed, travel stopped, and people have had to stay in their homes for weeks or even months on end.
2020 has undeniably been a bad year, but I would like to describe it in a more positive way, so I nominate “cooperation” and “hope” as my words of the year.
As the pandemic began to spread, there was a great deal of cooperation between countries and international health organizations. They shared information about the virus and how it could be contained. And countries shared medical supplies and equipment with other countries which needed them. China took a leading role in this effort by sending masks and protective clothing to Canada, the United States and Europe, as well as to countries in the Middle East and Africa. Without this cooperation, the pandemic, bad as it has been, could have been much worse.
And that brings me to my second word: hope. Even though COVID-19 is still around and will continue to affect our daily lives for at least a little longer, we are beginning to see the light at the end of the tunnel. Vaccines have been developed against the coronavirus and, with a little “hope”, we will get to see the world begin to return to normal.
2020 is over; 2021 awaits us. With “cooperation” and “hope”, it should make for a wonderful year.
1 ． Why has the OED suggested “lockdown”?
2 ． What does the author mean by “we are beginning to see the light at the end of the tunnel” in Paragraph 5?
3 ． Please decide which part of the following statement is false, then underline it and explain why.
2020 is viewed as a bad year because of the spread of the pandemic and it is viewed totally negative.
4 ． Which word would you nominate to describe 2020 except the words mentioned in this article? And why? (about 40 words)
1 ． Because the life-threatening disease has brought most of human activities across the globe to a standstill.
2 ． Vaccines have been developed against the coronavirus and, with a little “hope”, we will get to see the world begin to return to normal.
3 ． 2020 is viewed as a bad year because of the spread of the pandemic and it is viewed totally negative .
According to the passage, 2020 brings us not only pandemic but also cooperation and hope.
4 ．略
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。每年牛津词典都会提名一个词汇来描述过去的一年， 2020 年被它描述为 “ 瘟疫 ” 和 “ 封锁 ” 。而作者认为 2020 年虽然是糟糕的一年，但也带来了合作和希望，所以作者认为应该用 “ 合作 ” 和 “ 希望 ” 来描述 2020 年。
1 ．考查细节理解。根据第二段 “the latter because the life-threatening disease has brought most of human activity across the globe to a standstill.” （后者是因为这种危及生命的疾病已经使全球大多数人类活动陷入停滞）可知，因为这种危及生命的疾病已经使全球范围内的大多数人类活动停滞不前，所以 OED 建议 “ 封锁 ” 。故答案为 “Because the life-threatening disease has brought most of human activities across the globe to a standstill.” 。
2 ．考查句意猜测。根据倒第二段 Vaccines have been developed against the coronavirus and, with a little “hope”, we will get to see the world begin to return to normal. （对抗冠状病毒的疫苗已经研制出来，只要有一点 “ 希望 ” ，我们就能看到世界开始恢复正常）可知，作者说 “ 我们开始看到隧道尽头的曙光了 ” 的意思是 “ 对抗冠状病毒的疫苗已经研制出来，只要有一点 “ 希望 ” ，我们就能看到世界开始恢复正常。 ” 。故答案为 Vaccines have been developed against the coronavirus and, with a little “hope”, we will get to see the world begin to return to normal. 。
3 ．考查细节理解。根据第三段 2020 has undeniably been a bad year, but I would like to describe it in a more positive way, so I nominate “cooperation” and “hope” as my words of the year. （毋庸置疑， 2020 年是糟糕的一年，但我想用一种更积极的方式来描述它，所以我提名 “ 合作 ” 和 “ 希望 ” 作为我的年度词汇。）可知，虽然 2020 年是糟糕的一年，但它也带给了我们合作和希望。所以 “it is viewed totally negative” 是错误的。故答案为在 “it is viewed totally negative” 处画下划线，原因是 “According to the passage, 2020 brings us not only pandemic but also cooperation and hope.” 。
4 ．开放题。用一个词汇描述 2020 并给出原因，紧扣 “ 希望 ” 和 “ 合作 ” 的主题即可。