It is well-known that all the world is a stage and all the men and women are merely players. 1 , now one homeless dog in the Turkish city of Izmit seems determined to perform on that stage as well. It is surprising but heart-warming.
When the dog made his 2 during an outdoor performance being given by a local theatrical troupe( 剧团 ), he wasn't 3 applause. It seems that Numan Ertuğrul Uzunsoy's acting of an injured man was so 4 that the dog believed the actor was actually hurt and in need of 5 .
As Uzunsoy lay on the ground 6 a fall from a horse, the dog came up to him and 7 began to lick his face and neck. It took a few seconds for Uzunsoy to 8 what was happening. “I felt warmth on my face. At first, I thought another performer was 9 me ,” Uzunsoy said. “I was very 10 when I felt the dog’s kisses...I was very glad. He wanted to help me. It was a very emotional and surprising moment for me. I was not 11 it.”
While the audience and cast members were obviously amused by the dog and didn’t mind the 12 , the dog was led offstage later. Uzunsoy continued his character and the 13 went on. The dog did not 14 around to take his curtain call( 谢幕 ). However, since the good dog was known to frequent the area where the performance took place, dog-loving Uzunsoy was 15 that he would see his unintentional costar again.
1 ． A ． Besides B ． Therefore C ． However D ． Otherwise
2 ． A ． deal B ． appointment C ． assumption D ． entrance
3 ． A ． breaking in B ． seeking for C ． taking on D ． cutting down
4 ． A ． explicit B ． amusing C ． abnormal D ． realistic
5 ． A ． guidance B ． applause C ． comfort D ． medicine
6 ． A ． pretending B ． considering C ． resisting D ． crashing
7 ． A ． gently B ． violently C ． casually D ． unwillingly
8 ． A ． explain B ． admit C ． predict D ． realize
9 ． A ． freezing B ． approaching C ． bothering D ． conveying
10 ． A ． annoyed B ． touched C ． embarrassed D ． ashamed
11 ． A ． appreciating B ． clarifying C ． expecting D ． accepting
12 ． A ． interruption B ． attention C ． outcome D ． arrangement
13 ． A ． rescue B ． joke C ． performance D ． visit
14 ． A ． spin B ． wait C ． undertake D ． perform
15 ． A ． astonished B ． evident C ． desperate D ． convinced
1 ． C
2 ． D
3 ． B
4 ． D
5 ． C
6 ． A
7 ． A
8 ． D
9 ． B
10 ． B
11 ． C
12 ． A
13 ． C
14 ． B
15 ． D
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一个剧团在户外表演时一只流浪狗登上舞台，当狗看到假装从马上摔下来的 Uzunsoy 时，认为真受伤了，所以去舔躺在地上的演员，以示安慰， Uzunsoy 很受感动，但狗没谢幕就跑了。然而，因为这只好狗经常出现在演出的地方，爱狗的 Uzunsoy 相信他会再次见到他无意中的搭档。
1. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，现在土耳其伊兹米特市的一只流浪狗似乎决心要在这个舞台上表演。 A. Besides 另外，此外； B. Therefore 因此； C. However 然而； D. Otherwise 否则，要不然的话。根据第 1 空前后 “It is well-known that all the world is a stage and all the men and women are merely players. ____1____ , now one homeless dog in the Turkish city of Izmit seems determined to perform on that stage as well.” 可知，前后是一种转折关系。故选 C 。
2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当这只狗在当地一个剧团的户外表演中出场时，它并不是为了寻求掌声。 A. deal 交易； B. appointment 约定，任命； C. assumption 假定； D. entrance 入口，进入。根据第 2 空前后 “When the dog made his ____2____ during an outdoor performance being given” 可知，此处指狗 “ 出场 ” 表演。故选 D 。
3. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当这只狗在当地一个剧团的户外表演中出场时，它并不是为了寻求掌声。 A. breaking in 闯入； B. seeking for 寻找，追求； C. taking on 承担，呈现； D. cutting down 砍到，削减。根据第 3 空前后 “he wasn't ____3____ applause.” 可知，此处指狗出场表演不是为了 “ 掌声 ” 。故选 B 。
4. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：似乎努曼 Ertuğrul Uzunsoy 扮演的受伤的人是如此的真实，以至于这只狗认为演员真的受伤了，需要安慰。 A. explicit 明确的； B. amusing 引人发笑的； C. abnormal 反常的； D. realistic 现实的，逼真的。根据第 4 空前后 “acting of an injured man was so ____4____ that the dog believed the actor was actually hurt” 可知，此处指表演 “ 逼真 ” 。故选 D 。
5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：似乎努曼 Ertuğrul Uzunsoy 扮演的受伤的人是如此的真实，以至于这只狗认为演员真的受伤了，需要安慰。 A. guidance 指导； B. applause 欢呼； C. comfort 安慰，舒适； D. medicine 药，医学。根据第 5 空前的 “the dog believed the actor was actually hurt and in need of ____5____ .” 可知，此处指受伤的人需要 “ 安慰 ” 。故选 C 。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当 Uzunsoy 躺在地上假装从马背上摔下来时，这只狗走到他身边，轻轻地开始舔他的脸和脖子。 A. pretending 假装； B. considering 考虑，认为； C. resisting 抵抗，忍住； D. crashing 碰撞。根据第 6 空后 “a fall from a horse” 可知，此处指 Uzunsoy“ 假装 ” 摔下马。故选 A 。
7. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当 Uzunsoy 躺在地上假装从马背上摔下来时，这只狗走到他身边，轻轻地开始舔他的脸和脖子。 A. gently 温柔地； B. violently 激烈地； C. casually 随便地； D. unwillingly 不情愿地。根据第 7 空后的 “began to lick his face and neck.” 可知，此处指狗 “ 温柔地 ” 去舔。故选 A 。
8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意： Uzunsoy 花了几秒钟才意识到发生了什么。 A. explain 解释； B. admit 承认； C. predict 预测； D. realize 意识到。根据第 8 空下文 “I felt warmth on my face.” 可知，躺在地上的 Uzunsoy“ 意识到 ” 了什么。故选 D 。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一开始，我以为是另一个表演者在靠近我。 A. freezing 结冰，凝结； B. approaching 靠近； C. bothering 烦扰； D. conveying 传达。根据第 9 空前后 “At first, I thought another performer was ____9____ me” 可知，此处指 “ 靠近 ” Uzunsoy 。故选 B 。
10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我感觉到狗的亲吻时，我非常感动 …… 我很高兴。 A. annoyed 恼怒的； B. touched 受感动的； C. embarrassed 尴尬的； D. ashamed 羞愧的。根据第 10 空后的 “when I felt the dog’s kisses...I was very glad.” 可知，此处指 Uzunsoy 因狗亲吻而 “ 受感动 ” 。故选 B 。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对我来说是一个非常激动和令人惊讶的时刻。我没想到会这样。 A. appreciating 欣赏，感激； B. clarifying 净化，澄清； C. expecting 预测，期盼； D. accepting 接受。根据第 11 空前文 “It was a very emotional and surprising moment for me.” 可知，此处指 Uzunsoy 以前 “ 未料到 ” 。故选 C 。
12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然观众和演职人员显然被这只狗逗乐了，也不介意被打断，但这只狗后来被带离了舞台。 A. interruption 干扰； B. attention 注意力； C. outcome 结果； D. arrangement 整理，安排。根据第 12 空前的 “obviously amused by the dog and didn’t mind the ____12____ ,” 可知，此处指不介意被狗 “ 打断 ” 。故选 A 。
13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意： Uzunsoy 继续扮演他的角色，演出继续进行。 A. rescue 营救； B. joke 笑话； C. performance 表演，执行； D. visit 访问。根据第 13 空后的 “went on” 可知，此处指 “ 表演 ” 继续进行。故选 C 。
14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：狗没有等在旁边谢幕。 A. spin 旋转； B. wait 等待； C. undertake 承担，保证； D. perform 执行，表演。根据第 14 空前后 “The dog did not ____14____ around to take his curtain call( 谢幕 ).” 可知，此处指够没有 “ 等待 ” 谢幕。故选 B 。
15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，因为这只好狗经常出现在演出的地方，爱狗的 Uzunsoy 相信他会再次见到他无意中的搭档。 A. astonished 吃惊的； B. evident 明显的； C. desperate 不顾一切的； D. convinced 确信的。根据第 15 空下文 “he would see his unintentional costar again.” 可知，此处指 Uzunsoy“ 确信 ” 再见到那只狗。故选 D 。
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。
Feeling extreme loneliness can increase an older person’s risk of premature (过早的)death by 14 percent, according to research by John Cacioppo, professor of psychology at the University of Chicago.
Cacioppo and his colleagues’ work shows that the impact of loneliness on premature death is nearly as strong as the impact of disadvantaged socioeconomic status, which they found increases the chances of dying early by 19 percent. A 2010 meta﹣analysis showed that loneliness has twice as much impact on early death as obesity does, he said.
The researchers looked at dramatic differences in the rate of decline in physical and mental health as people aged. Cacioppo and his colleagues have examined the role of satisfying relationships on older people to develop their resilience ([rɪˈzɪliəns] 快速恢复的能力；适应力), the ability to feel better quickly after something unpleasant, and grow from stresses in life.
The consequences for health are dramatic, as feeling isolated or separated from others can disturb sleep, elevate blood pressure, increase morning rises in the stress hormone cortisol ([‘kɔ:tɪsɒl] 皮质醇), change the gene expression in immune cells, increase depression and lower overall subjective well﹣being, Cacioppo pointed out in a talk, “ Rewarding Social Connections Promote Successful Aging.”
Cacioppo, one of the nation’s leading experts on loneliness, said older people can avoid the consequences of loneliness by staying in touch with former co﹣workers, taking part in family traditions, and sharing good times with family and friends ﹣ all of which give older adults a chance to connect with others about whom they care and who care about them.
”Retiring to Florida to live in a warmer climate among strangers isn’t necessarily a good idea if it means you are disconnected from the people who mean much to you,” said Cacioppo. Population changes make understanding the role of loneliness and health all the more important,he explained. “People have to think about how to protect themselves from depression, low subjective well﹣being and early death. “
Although some people are happy to be alone, most people develop from social situations in which they provide mutual support and establish a strong bond. Evolution encourages people to work together to survive and accordingly most people enjoy companionship compared to be alone.
It is not solitude (独处)or physical isolation itself, but rather the subjective sense of isolation that Cacioppo’s work shows to be so destructive. Older people living alone are not necessarily lonely if they remain actively engaged in social life and enjoy the company of those around them. Some aspects of aging, such as blindness and loss of hearing, however, place people at special risk of becoming isolated and lonely, he said.
| Passage outline | Supporting details |
| The main idea | Chances are that older people will die early if they feel extremely 51．. |
| 52． with loneliness | • Like disadvantaged socioeconomic status and obesity, loneliness can 53． old men’s premature death. • When 54． from others, one will find physical health impacted and tend to feel depressive and unhappy. |
| Suggestions | • Keep in touch with others and take part in 55． activities. • Choosing to live in a pleasant climate don’t necessarily make sense if the elder are disconnected from people who are 56． to them. • Think about how to57． depression, low subjective well﹣being and early death. • Work together with others to 58．, to gain mutual support and establish a strong bond. |
| Conclusions | • The sense of isolation, rather than solitude or physical isolation itself, isn’t 59．to elders. • Living alone doesn’t mean loneliness if older people live an 60． social life. |