选词填空
| look forward to; make an impression; sign up for; make up; other than; apply for; prefer... to...; set up; different walks of life; have a major impact on; be admitted to; concentrate on ... ; |
6 ． We can see a world in a grain of sand and a heaven in a wild flower. Do not neglect the tiny matter that ___________________ everything in the world.
7 ． The Halloween, which falls on 30 November, is always eagerly __________________ by kids in western countries.
8 ． ___________________ on the interviewer is very important so I suggest that you make full preparations before the interview.
9 ． Actually, I have no plans for my weekend __________________ listening to my favorite songs.
10 ． Our course was a success last year. This year over 5,00 students __________________ this course up till now.
11 ． The school English Club is recruiting volunteers. Would you be interested in ________________ this position?
12 ． The whole project of the China National Archives of Publications and Culture will ___________________ the inheritance of the vast quantity of Chinese texts created since writing began in China.
13 ． That didn’t mean he was a person difficult to communicate. He plainly ___________silence ____________ speech.
14 ． Guests from ___________________ will join the show to share their ideas about universe, human beings and nature with their knowledge of science, humanity, culture and entertainment.
15 ． Wu Mingzhu, the unsung hero who has helped make this possible, ___________________ Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing in the late 1940s.
makes up 7 ． looked forward to 8 ． Making an impression 9 ． other than 10 ． have signed up for 11 ． applying for 12 ． have a major impact on 13 ． preferred to 14 ． different walks of life 15 ． was admitted to
【解析】 6 ．考查固定短语和时态。句意：从一粒沙子看到一个世界，从一朵野花看到一个天堂。不要忽视构成世界上一切的微小物质。根据后文 “everything in the world” 以及句意 “ 构成 ” 可知短语为 make up ，陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，定语从句谓语与先行词 matter 保持一致，用第三人称单数形式。故填 makes up 。
7 ．考查固定短语和语态。句意： 11 月 30 日的万圣节是西方国家孩子们最热切盼望的节日。根据上文 “The Halloween, which falls on 30 November, is always eagerly” 以及句意 “ 盼望 ” 可知短语为 look forward to ，与主语构成被动关系，结合 is 可知为一般现在时的被动语态。故填 looked forward to 。
8 ．考查固定短语。句意：给面试官留下印象很重要，所以我建议你在面试前做好充分的准备。根据后文 “on the interviewer is very important” 以及句意 “ 留下印象 ” 可知短语为 make an impression ，作主语应用动名词形式。句首单词首字母要大写。故填 Making an impression 。
9 ．考查固定短语。句意：事实上，除了听我最喜欢的歌，我周末没有别的计划。根据上文 “I have no plans for my weekend” 以及句意 “ 除了 …… 没有 ” 可知短语为 other than ，故填 other than 。
10 ．考查固定短语和时态。句意：我们的课程去年取得了成功。今年超过 500 名学生已经报名参加这门课程。根据后文 “for this course” 以及句意 “ 报名参加 ” 可知短语为 sign up for ，结合 up till now 可知为现在完成时。故填 have signed up for 。
11 ．考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：学校英语俱乐部正在招募志愿者。你有兴趣申请这个职位吗？根据后文 “this position” 以及句意 “ 申请 ” 可知短语为 apply for ，作介词的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填 applying for 。
12 ．考查固定短语和时态。句意：中国出版文化档案馆的整个项目将对中国文字诞生以来创作的大量中文文本的传承产生重大影响。根据后文 “the inheritance of the vast quantity of Chinese texts created since writing began in China” 以及句意 “ 产生重大影响 ” 可知短语为 have a major impact on ，结合 will 可知为一般将来时。故填 have a major impact on 。
13 ．考查固定短语和时态。句意：这并不意味着他是一个难以沟通的人。他显然喜欢沉默而不喜欢说话。根据句意 “ 更喜欢 ……” 可知短语为 prefer…to… ，根据 didn’t 可知为一般过去时。故填 ①preferred ； ②to 。
14 ．考查固定短语。句意：来自各行各业的嘉宾将加入节目，分享他们对宇宙、人类和自然的看法，以及他们在科学、人文、文化和娱乐方面的知识。根据后文 “will join the show to share their ideas about universe, human beings and nature with their knowledge of science, humanity, culture and entertainment” 以及句意 “ 各行各业的 ” 可知短语为 different walks of life ，故填 different walks of life 。
15 ．考查固定短语和时态。句意：吴明珠，这位无名英雄促成了这一切，在 20 世纪 40 年代末被重庆的西南农学院录取。根据后文 “Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing in the late 1940s” 以及句意 “ 录取 ” 可知短语为 be admitted to ，为一般过去时，谓语用单数。故填 was admitted to 。
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。
Feeling extreme loneliness can increase an older person’s risk of premature (过早的)death by 14 percent, according to research by John Cacioppo, professor of psychology at the University of Chicago.
Cacioppo and his colleagues’ work shows that the impact of loneliness on premature death is nearly as strong as the impact of disadvantaged socioeconomic status, which they found increases the chances of dying early by 19 percent. A 2010 meta﹣analysis showed that loneliness has twice as much impact on early death as obesity does, he said.
The researchers looked at dramatic differences in the rate of decline in physical and mental health as people aged. Cacioppo and his colleagues have examined the role of satisfying relationships on older people to develop their resilience ([rɪˈzɪliəns] 快速恢复的能力；适应力), the ability to feel better quickly after something unpleasant, and grow from stresses in life.
The consequences for health are dramatic, as feeling isolated or separated from others can disturb sleep, elevate blood pressure, increase morning rises in the stress hormone cortisol ([‘kɔ:tɪsɒl] 皮质醇), change the gene expression in immune cells, increase depression and lower overall subjective well﹣being, Cacioppo pointed out in a talk, “ Rewarding Social Connections Promote Successful Aging.”
Cacioppo, one of the nation’s leading experts on loneliness, said older people can avoid the consequences of loneliness by staying in touch with former co﹣workers, taking part in family traditions, and sharing good times with family and friends ﹣ all of which give older adults a chance to connect with others about whom they care and who care about them.
”Retiring to Florida to live in a warmer climate among strangers isn’t necessarily a good idea if it means you are disconnected from the people who mean much to you,” said Cacioppo. Population changes make understanding the role of loneliness and health all the more important,he explained. “People have to think about how to protect themselves from depression, low subjective well﹣being and early death. “
Although some people are happy to be alone, most people develop from social situations in which they provide mutual support and establish a strong bond. Evolution encourages people to work together to survive and accordingly most people enjoy companionship compared to be alone.
It is not solitude (独处)or physical isolation itself, but rather the subjective sense of isolation that Cacioppo’s work shows to be so destructive. Older people living alone are not necessarily lonely if they remain actively engaged in social life and enjoy the company of those around them. Some aspects of aging, such as blindness and loss of hearing, however, place people at special risk of becoming isolated and lonely, he said.
| Passage outline | Supporting details |
| The main idea | Chances are that older people will die early if they feel extremely 51．. |
| 52． with loneliness | • Like disadvantaged socioeconomic status and obesity, loneliness can 53． old men’s premature death. • When 54． from others, one will find physical health impacted and tend to feel depressive and unhappy. |
| Suggestions | • Keep in touch with others and take part in 55． activities. • Choosing to live in a pleasant climate don’t necessarily make sense if the elder are disconnected from people who are 56． to them. • Think about how to57． depression, low subjective well﹣being and early death. • Work together with others to 58．, to gain mutual support and establish a strong bond. |
| Conclusions | • The sense of isolation, rather than solitude or physical isolation itself, isn’t 59．to elders. • Living alone doesn’t mean loneliness if older people live an 60． social life. |