To err is human.To blame the other guy is even more human.
Common sense is not all that common.
Why tell the truth when you can come up with a good excuse?
These three popular misquotes(戏谑的引语)are meant to be jokes, and yet they tell us a lot about human nature.To err, or to make mistakes, is indeed a part of being human, but it seems that most people don't want to accept the responsibility for the problem. Perhaps it is the natural thing to do. The original quote about human nature went like this:“To err is human, to forgive, divine(神圣的).”This saying mirrors an ideal people should be forgiving of others' mistakes. Instead, we tend to do the opposite—find someone else to pass the blame on to. However, taking responsibility for something that went wrong is a making of great maturity.
Common sense is what we call clear thought. Having common sense means having a good general plan that will make things work well, and it also means staying with the plan. Common sense tells you that you take an umbrella out into a rainstorm, but you leave the umbrella home when you hear a weather forecast for sunshine.Common sense does not seem to be common for large organizations, because there are so many things going on that one person cannot be in charge of everything. People say that in a large company,“the right hand does not know what the left hand is doing.”
And what is wrong with a society that thinks that making up a good excuse is like creating a work of art? One of the common problems with making excuses is that people, especially young people. Get the idea that it's okay not to be totally honest all the time. There is a corollary(直接推论)to that: if good excuse is “good”even if it isn't honest, then where is the place of the truth?
6. According to the passage, which of the following seems the most human?
A. To search for truth.
B. To achieve one's ideal.
C. To make fun of others' mistakes.
D. To criticize others for one's own error.
7. According to the author, what is a sign of a man's maturity?
A. Doing things his own way.
B. Bearing responsibility for his mistakes.
C. Making as few mistakes as possible.
D. Thinking seriously about his wrongdoing.
8. Which of the following is NOT based on common sense?
A. A man tries to take charge of everything in a large company.
B. A student goes out with an umbrella in stormy weather.
C. A company's next move follows a good plan.
D. A lawyer acts on fine judgments.
9. What is the author's opinion about a good excuse?
A. Making a good excuse is sometimes a better policy.
B. Inventing a good excuse needs creative ideas.
C. A good excuse is as rewarding as honesty.
D. Bitter truth is better than a good excuse.
10. What would be the BEST title for his passage?
A. A Mirror of Human Nature
B. To Blame or to Forgive
C. A Mark of Maturity
D. Truth or Excuse
6. 解析:选D。细节理解题。根据第四段“we tend to do the opposite —find someone else to pass the blame on to”可得出答案。
7. 解析:选B。细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句话“However, taking responsibility for something that went wrong is a making of great maturity”可得出答案。
8. 解析:选A。细节判断题。由第五段“Common sense does not seem to be common for large organizations, because there are so many things going on that one person cannot be in charge of everything”可知,一个人负责公司的全部工作属于非常识。
9. 解析:选D。推理判断题。从短文最后一段可知,当今社会中那些认为“编造好的借口是创造了一种艺术品”的观点是不对的,人们应该诚实,由此可知D项正确。
10. 解析:选A。主旨大意题。综观全文可知,本文主要阐述了什么是人生,什么是成熟。常识告诉我们,人要诚实;人们在社会上应该怎样做,都是对人性的写照。
社会现象类阅读概念:
这类文章通过写人记事来揭示文章的主题,显示其社会意义,一般采用顺序或倒叙来叙述。题目经常是一些细节问题。考查的方面可以是原因和其中引发的思考。
社会现象类阅读解题技巧:
这类文章通过写人记事来揭示文章的主题,显示其社会意义,一般采用顺序或倒叙来叙述。题目经常是一些细节问题。考查的方面可以是原因和其中引发的思考。阅读这类文章要理清思路。
1、浏览试题,明确要求。
在阅读文章前,最好先浏览一下文章后面的题干和选项。知道了问题后再去看文章,可使思路更敏捷,而且也便于阅读时留意文中出现的与选项有关的信息。
2、通读全文,抓住主要内容。
在不影响理解的前提下,尽可能地阅读以便在尽可能短的时间内理解文章或段落的内容。阅读时,如遇到不熟悉的单词、词组或一时看不懂的句子,不要停下来苦思冥想,继续读下去,通过上下文的词语和句子可能就理解了。
3、抓住中心思想和段落大意。
通读全文时,要特别注意主题句。每篇文章或每个段落都有与文章有关的句子,尤其是科技、政论性文章的主题句一般都在文章的开头或结尾,插在中间的很少。所以,文章的第一段或开头的第一、二个句子往往包含着文章的中心思想、作者的意图或全文的概述,因此要特别注意,彻底理解。
4、有针对性地仔细阅读,找寻所需信息。
在前面的基础上,可进行有针对性地阅读了。把与问题无关的内容一扫而过,而对于和问题有关的内容认真阅读,还可以用笔在下面做出记号。再把这些信息与问题的要求结合起来,逐条分析,综合判断,找出正确答案。
5、进行合理的推理判断。
对文章有了全面的了解之后,可以按照文章要求以及上下文之间的关系,做出推理判断。在进行推理判断的时候,需要综合考虑句型、语法、句子之间的逻辑关系、文化背景等方面的因素。
6、认真复读,验证答案。
要用全文的中心思想统帅各个题目,研究其内在联系和逻辑关系,并依次审核那些还未打上的题目,确保理解无误。
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