Think about the last time you felt afraid.Was it a fear of height?Did you oversleep on a weekday and fear you’d get into trouble at the office?In any case,you know what it feels like to feel fear.
But one woman doesn’t.The woman,code-named“UM”,gave her first-ever interview after years of being studied by a team of researchers.The woman is given a code name because the researchers want to protect her from anyone who would take advantage of her inability to feel afraid.
UM can’t tell you what fear is because she’s never experienced it.“I wonder what it’s like to actually be afraid of something,”she said.The formal name for the disease is Urbach-Wieth disease,which is characterized by a hoarse(粗哑的)voice,small bumps around the eyes,and calcium deposits(钙沉积的)in the brain.
In the case of UM,the disease has transformed the part of her brain that controls the human response to fear.In the interview,UM talks about an event in her life where she was held at knifepoint and gunpoint,“I was walking to the store,and I saw a man on a park bench.He said.‘Come here,please,’so I went over to him.He grabbed me by the shirt,put a knife to my throat and told me he was going to cut me.I told him,‘Go ahead and cut me,’I wasn’t afraid at a11.And for some reason,he let me go.”
Doctors who have been studying UM’s condition for years have been trying different things that could strike fear into her.They finally figured something out—increasing UM’s carbon dioxide levels.Extra carbon dioxide concentration in the blood is known to cause fear and panic in health individuals.Increasing UM’s carbon dioxide levels did manage to give her a fright.
1.The text starts by_______.
A.challenging the reader
B.solving daily problems
C.1isting situations
D.giving explanations
2.Why is the woman with Urbach-Wieth disease given a code name?
A.To tell her case from other patients.
B.To respect her privacy.
C.To meet the researchers’demands.
D.To ensure her safety.
3.From UM’s case,we can know that Urbach-Wieth disease may________.
A.stop the brain from functioning normally
B.1ead to a decrease in calcium deposits
C.stop the brain from responding quickly
D.1ead to an increase in carbon dioxide
4.What will probably happen to UM?
A.Dying of the Urbach-Wieth disease.
B.Getting the sense of panic.
C.Experiencing another danger.
D.Speaking with a hoarse voice.
CDAB
试题解析:1.细节理解
根据文章第一段第二句提出的问题以及下文的人内容,可知道文章的开头首先是通过一连串的问题情境把读者带入到这个话题里的。故答案C正确。
2.细节理解
根据文章第二段中的最后一句The woman is given a code name because the researchers want to protect her from anyone who would take advantage of her inability to feel afraid,可知D的意思与之相符,故选D。
3.细节理解
根据文章第三第四段所说的内容,可知道这种病是能够影响大脑,对个人的反应起到一定的作用的。结合各个选项的意思,可知应选A。
4.推理判断
根据文章最后一段的内容中的increasing UM’s carbon dioxide levels.Extra carbon dioxide concentration in the blood is known to cause fear and panic in health individuals,可知道,增加体内血液中的二氧化碳浓度可以引起一个人的惊恐,故选B。
健康环保累阅读概念:
健康环保类文章常是介绍科学知识、生活常识和环境保护方面的短文。体裁有记叙文、 说明文、议论文和各种应用文。
健康环保类文章阅读技巧:
健康环保类文章常是介绍科学知识、生活常识和环境保护方面的短文。阅读此类短文要以现象或事物为中心进行思考,理解现象产生的原因、条件和客观规律等。同时要抓住事物的特征、用途和相互关系等。科普环保类文章一般为说明文,从结构上看大致可分为三个部分:
第一部分一般是文章的首段,主要用来提出文章的主题,即文章想要阐述、说明的主要内容;
第二部分是文章的主体,可由若干个段落组成,对文章的主题进行展开说明;
第三部分是结尾段,对文章的主题进行归纳总结。这类文章多用一般现在时,而且一般多使用客观性词语表述。有时为了强调客观性,也常使用被动语态。
从近几年的考试题来看,科普环保类的文章越来越与人们的实际生活相接近。由于此类文章缺乏故事情节,很多同学对此类文章感到费解。但一般的科普类文章都是就事论事,需要逻辑推理和想象的时候较少,因此此类阅读题也没有同学们想象中的那么难,只要多加训练,就能较好地答题。
【阅读策略】
1、概要(Summarizing):
阅完材料后,将所阅材料浓缩,摘要,做出所阅材料的书面或口头梗概。
2、组织(Organization):
阅读后根据阅读内容,识别观点、人物、事件之间的关系以及文章的结构关系。如:时间关系、比较或对比关系、相关关系及因果关系等。
登录并加入会员可无限制查看知识点解析
A. The effects of flu and its symptoms B. Types of virus to cause flu C. People’s attitudes toward flu D. The cause of flu E. The way that flu spreads F. The methods to fight flu |
80. |
|
Flu (which is short for influenza) is a highly infectious disease, the cause of which is a very tiny organism known as a virus. Several types of flu are recognized, depending on the type of virus that causes the disease.
81. |
|
Flu can often cause problems in breathing, and general infection of the lung. With elderly and weak people, these added complications often produce serious results. The virus, if not properly treated, can weaken the body so that patient may develop more serious illnesses, such as pneumonia and bronchitis. When people catch flu, they often complain of a headache or a sore throat. They usually have a fever and their temperature rises from the normal 37℃ (98.6) to about 39.5℃ (103). Sometimes a person has a dry hacking cough and aching joints.
82. |
|
Today many doctors use drugs that fight the disease. And scientists have also developed vaccines that help to prevent it. If the patient has proper treatment, and complete rest in bed, the virus is normally beaten within a week to ten days.
83. |
|
How does flu spread so quickly? When the infected person breathes out, sneezes or coughs, he gives out droplets of moisture in the breath from his mouth or nose. These remain in the air for some time. Flu viruses are present in these droplets. If a person sneezes in a crowd or poorly ventilated place, such as a lift, viruses can easily be carried from an infected person to a healthy person. This is known as droplet infection. The healthy person will breathe in the viruses given out by the infected person.
84. |
|
There are three main types of virus that cause flu, which are called type A, B and C. type A is the most powerful of the three, and undergoes minor changes in its genetic material every few years. The new form of the virus is called a strain. The new strain is not affected by the current vaccines. It is said to be “resistant” to them. So doctors must be continually producing new vaccines to combat the new strains of virus.